Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yan-Lin Li, Ai-Juan Li, Sheng-Li Huang, Jagadese J. Vittal, Guo-Yu Yang
Summary: This review focuses on the design and syntheses of Ru(N^N)3 and Ir(C^N)2(X^N) functionalized architectures of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent-organic frameworks (COFs), metallasupramolecules, organic supramolecules and supramolecular organic frameworks (SOFs), as well as their photocatalytic applications.
CHEMICAL SOCIETY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Utpal Das, Binoy Kar, Sudhindra Pete, Priyankar Paira
Summary: Researchers are working on developing anticancer drugs with minimal toxicity and greater specificity for cancer cells. Metal-based complexes such as Ru(ii) and others have shown promising anticancer activity.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Yan Yang, Cheng-Ming Wang, Feng-Hua Pan, Qi-Pin Qin, Qiu-Ji Xie, Qing Chen, Hong Liang
Summary: The newly synthesized cyclometallated Ir(III)-quinoline complexes exhibit potent anticancer activity and can serve as specific cell imaging probes, efficiently inducing apoptosis and autophagy, with potential value in inhibiting tumor growth.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Chao Chen, He Lv, Hao Xu, Dancheng Zhu, Chao Shen
Summary: The study synthesized and characterized four C,N-cyclometalated ruthenium(ii) complexes coordinated with pyridine-functionalized N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and auxiliary ligands. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the complexes are hexa-coordinated in a typical octahedral geometry. In vitro cytotoxic studies revealed that two of the complexes, Ru3 and Ru4, exhibited stronger anticancer activity than the precursor and cisplatin, and also showed potential anti-migration activity.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Binoy Kar, Utpal Das, Nilmadhab Roy, Priyankar Paira
Summary: Organelle specificity is crucial for the development of efficient and selective drugs with reduced side effects. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a selective treatment for cancer that minimizes damage to normal cells. This article showcases the potential of metal complexes, particularly ruthenium (II), iridium (III), and rhenium (I) complexes, in targeting specific organelles for PDT.
COORDINATION CHEMISTRY REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Safaa S. Hassan, Nashwa M. H. Rizk, Manal A. Khidr, Samar A. Aly
Summary: A new series of metal complexes were synthesized and their structural characterization was carried out using various techniques. The biological screening results showed that the Ru(III) complex exhibited the strongest antibacterial activity, while the Ag(I) complex showed the highest efficiency in terms of antitumor activity.
APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Alba Hernandez-Garcia, Lenka Markova, Maria Dolores Santana, Jitka Pracharova, Delia Bautista, Hana Kostrhunova, Vojtech Novohradsky, Viktor Brabec, Jose Ruiz, Jana Kasparkova
Summary: This study presents the synthesis and characterization of six new heteroleptic osmium(II) complexes with varying substituents in the R3 position of the phenyl ring of the cyclometalating C^N ligand. These complexes are highly kinetically inert and absorb a full-wavelength range of visible light. The antiproliferative activity of these complexes has been investigated using human cancer and noncancerous cell cultures, showing that they are more potent than conventional cisplatin. The mechanism of action involves the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and disruption of calcium homeostasis.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Anastasia Yu. Gitlina, Farzaneh Fadaei-Tirani, Kay Severin
Summary: The isomerization of iridium(iii) complexes with metalated N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands was investigated. The fac isomers of complexes with 1-phenyl-3-methylbenzimidazolin-2-ylidene or 1-phenyl-3-benzylbenzimidazolin-2-ylidene ligands can be cleanly transformed into the mer isomers using HNTf2 and then NEt3. However, an iridium complex with a 1-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-f]phenanthridine-based carbene ligand could not undergo isomerization under similar conditions.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Gabriela Marinescu, Daniela C. Culita, Teodora Mocanu, Raul-Augustin Mitran, Simona Petrescu, Miruna S. Stan, Mariana C. Chifiriuc, Marcela Popa
Summary: A series of nanostructured materials were obtained by functionalizing SBA-15 mesoporous silica with Ru(II) and Ru(III) complexes bearing Schiff base ligands. The resulting materials showed antitumoral activity against lung tumor cells and inhibitory effects against bacteria.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna Skoczynska, Andrzej Lewinski, Mateusz Pokora, Piotr Paneth, Elzbieta Budzisz
Summary: This review examines the potential applications of Ru(II)/(III) ion complexes in medicine or pharmacy, which have shown greater potential in cancer chemotherapy than Pt(II) complexes with known side effects. Research on cancer cell lines and clinical trials on ruthenium complexes have received much attention. In addition to their antitumor activity, ruthenium complexes have displayed potential in other diseases such as type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and HIV. The review also briefly discusses theoretical approaches to studying the interactions of Ru(II)/Ru(III) complexes with biological receptors for the rational design of ruthenium-based drugs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Kasturi Ganguli, Natalia Belkova, Sabuj Kundu
Summary: In this study, new ligands containing an indolyl fragment and phenanthroline, as well as their corresponding Ru(ii) complexes, were synthesized and characterized. The catalytic activity of these cyclometalated (NNC)Ru(ii) complexes towards the beta-methylation of alcohols using methanol as the reagent was investigated. The results showed that these complexes exhibited superior reactivity compared to various (NNN)Ru(ii) complexes. They selectively methylated a wide range of primary, secondary, and aliphatic straight chain alcohols. This methodology was also applied to the methylation of natural products and the gram scale synthesis of beta-methylated alcohols.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Marina A. Kiseleva, Andrei V. Churakov, Ilya V. Taydakov, Mikhail T. Metlin, Sergey A. Kozyukhin, Stanislav I. Bezzubov
Summary: A joint study of rhodium(III) and iridium(III) complexes with different ligands reveals the relationship between their solid-state emission efficiency and crystal packing. Different types of interactions are responsible for the aggregation-induced emission (AIE) depending on the metal ion. For iridium(III) complexes, pyridyl-pyridyl contacts are essential for AIE, while in a rhodium(III) complex, phenyl-pyridyl interactions enhance solid-state phosphorescence.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mirjam R. Schreier, Xingwei Guo, Bjorn Pfund, Yasunori Okamoto, Thomas R. Ward, Christoph Kerzig, Oliver S. Wenger
Summary: Cyclometalated iridium(III) complexes are widely used in organic light emitting diodes and photocatalysis for solar energy conversion and synthetic organic chemistry. This article introduces the development of water-soluble variants of these complexes and explores their applications in aqueous photochemistry. The water-soluble complexes have been used in enzyme-catalyzed photoredox reactions, photoionization to yield hydrated electrons, and photochemical upconversion. However, the development of water-soluble photocatalysts still lags behind organic solvents.
ACCOUNTS OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Pragti, Sreshtha Nayek, Satyam Singh, Avinash Sonawane, Ivo Grabchev, Rakesh Ganguly, Suman Mukhopadhyay
Summary: In this study, three Ru(II) arene complexes with a bidentate benzimidazole-based ligand were synthesized and their antitumor activity was studied by varying the co-ligand X. The synthesized compounds showed good interactions with serum albumin proteins, had good drug stability and lipophilic character. They were found to bind with DNA and could induce apoptosis in cancer cells, as well as upregulate cleaved caspase-3 expression and downregulate BCLXL expression. These findings provide a new direction for the investigation of antitumor ruthenium-based metallodrugs using benzimidazole-based ligands.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manoj Trivedi, Pooja Sharma, Indresh Kumar Pandey, Abhinav Kumar, Sanjay Kumar, Nigam P. Rath
Summary: A highly efficient homogeneous catalyst system for the production of CH3OH from CO2 has been developed using single molecular defined ruthenium and rhodium RAPTA-type catalysts in acidic media under mild conditions. The system achieved a turnover number (TON) of 4752, representing the first example of CO2 hydrogenation to CH3OH using single molecular defined Ru and Rh RAPTA-type catalysts.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lenka Markova, Vojtech Novohradsky, Jana Kasparkova, Jose Ruiz, Viktor Brabec
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of the anticancer activity of a photoactivatable Ir(III) compound on highly aggressive and poorly treatable Rhabdomyosarcoma cells. The compound demonstrates potent activity in both differentiated cancer cells and cancer stem cells, and it affects mitochondrial function in a novel way. The findings suggest that this compound could be a promising chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of hard-to-treat Rhabdomyosarcoma.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Joaquin Bonelli, Enrique Ortega-Forte, Anna Rovira, Manel Bosch, Oriol Torres, Cristina Cusco, Josep Rocas, Jose Ruiz, Vicente Marchan
Summary: Encapsulation of mitochondria-targeted coumarin photosensitizers within nanocapsules improves their photoactivity and reduces cytotoxicity, making them promising agents for nano-photodynamic therapy.
Article
Crystallography
Marco Herbst, Daniel Komisarek, Till Strothmann, Vera Vasylyeva
Summary: This study discusses the crystallization and multicomponent crystal formation of active pharmaceutical ingredients with dicarboxylic acid co-formers. The research elucidates the crystallization process of several crystalline entities and investigates the factors influencing the outcome.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Francisco J. Ballester, Enrique Ortega-Forte, Delia Bautista, M. Dolores Santana, Giampaolo Barone, Jose Ruiz
Summary: In this study, a series of compounds with different substituents were synthesized and characterized using NMR and X-ray diffraction. It was found that compounds with stronger electron-donating groups exhibited larger Stokes shift and higher quantum yield. Additionally, some of the compounds showed higher activity in cancer cell lines while displaying low cytotoxicity in healthy cells. One of the compounds also showed the ability to stain the cytoplasm.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Alba Hernandez-Garcia, Lenka Markova, Maria Dolores Santana, Jitka Pracharova, Delia Bautista, Hana Kostrhunova, Vojtech Novohradsky, Viktor Brabec, Jose Ruiz, Jana Kasparkova
Summary: This study presents the synthesis and characterization of six new heteroleptic osmium(II) complexes with varying substituents in the R3 position of the phenyl ring of the cyclometalating C^N ligand. These complexes are highly kinetically inert and absorb a full-wavelength range of visible light. The antiproliferative activity of these complexes has been investigated using human cancer and noncancerous cell cultures, showing that they are more potent than conventional cisplatin. The mechanism of action involves the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway and disruption of calcium homeostasis.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Anna Rovira, Enrique Ortega-Forte, Cormac Hally, Mireia Jorda-Redondo, Diego Abad-Montero, Gloria Vigueras, Jesus I. Martinez, Manel Bosch, Santi Nonell, Jose Ruiz, Vicente Marchan
Summary: Photodynamic therapy shows potential as a non-invasive anticancer tool, but the development of highly effective and non-toxic photosensitizers that can work under hypoxic conditions is still needed. In this study, Ir(III)-COUPY conjugates were developed based on the advantageous properties of COUPY fluorophores and cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes, aiming to explore structure-activity relationships. The structural modifications within the coumarin scaffold had a significant impact on the photophysical properties and cellular uptake of the conjugates. All Ir(III)-COUPY conjugates exhibited high phototoxicity under green light irradiation, attributed to the photogeneration of reactive oxygen species (ROS), while remaining non-toxic in the dark. Two hit conjugates showed excellent phototherapeutic indexes in cisplatin-resistant A2780cis cancer cells, indicating the potential of photoactive therapy approaches based on the conjugation of far-red/NIR-emitting COUPY dyes and transition metal complexes to overcome acquired resistance to cisplatin.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Daniel Komisarek, Ebru Taskiran, Vera Vasylyeva
Summary: In this study, the mechanochemical and classical solvent crystallization methods for maleates formation were compared for several GABA derivatives. Various characterization techniques were used to evaluate the properties of the obtained compounds. The results showed that maleate formation was possible for all investigated compounds, with significant increases in solubility observed for Pregabalin. The method of crystallization affected certain properties and the formation of certain forms for some compounds, while for others it did not play a significant role. The study aimed to identify promising candidates for multicomponent crystal formation and highlight the usefulness of mechanochemical production routes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Susana Nieto, Juana M. Bernal, Rocio Villa, Eduardo Garcia-Verdugo, Antonio Donaire, Pedro Lozano
Summary: A sustainable and efficient process for the biocatalytic production of new bioactive provitamin-B5 monoacyl esters has been demonstrated. A solvent-free reaction protocol using lipase as the catalyst allows for direct esterification of fatty acids with panthenol, with improved yields achieved by increasing the alkyl chain length. Scale-up from 0.5 to 500g was successfully achieved using a variety of reaction systems, with the best results obtained when a vacuum system was coupled to the biocatalytic reaction unit. The recovery and reuse of the immobilized enzyme were also shown, and the greenness of the solvent-free biocatalytic synthesis was assessed using different metrics.
ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Vojtech Novohradsky, Alicia Marco, Lenka Markova, Natalia Cutillas, Jose Ruiz, Viktor Brabec
Summary: In this study, a series of new octahedral iridium(III) complexes Ir1-Ir9 were reported, which showed potential for inhibiting metastasis in triple-negative breast cancer. The results demonstrated that the structural modifications within the complexes strongly influenced their anti-metastatic properties, with complex Ir1 exhibiting the highest activity. Contrary to the effects of the conventional chemotherapy drug doxorubicin, which promoted metastatic properties of TNBC cells, the results suggested that doxorubicin therapy may increase the risk of breast cancer metastasis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rocio Villa, Susana Nieto, Antonio Donaire, Pedro Lozano
Summary: Direct biocatalytic processes for CO2 capture and transformation are effective tools for reducing greenhouse gas concentration. Carbonic anhydrase and formate dehydrogenase are two key enzymes that facilitate CO2 uptake and conversion into valuable chemicals.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Daniel Komisarek, Fulya Demirbas, Takin Haj Hassani Sohi, Klaus Merz, Carsten Schauerte, Vera Vasylyeva
Summary: This study investigates the polymorphism and multi-component crystal formation of GABA and gabapentin. The accessibility and stability of different phases are discussed, and the role of hydrogen bonds in solid-phase GABA analogs is highlighted. The synthesis and analysis of multi-component entities further demonstrate the formation mechanism of the phases.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Enrique Ortega-Forte, Anna Rovira, Marta Lopez-Corrales, Alba Hernandez-Garcia, Francisco Jose Ballester, Eduardo Izquierdo-Garcia, Mireia Jorda-Redondo, Manel Bosch, Santi Nonell, Maria Dolores Santana, Jose Ruiz, Vicente Marchan, Gilles Gasser
Summary: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising cancer treatment method, but it is limited by its oxygen dependency and poor tissue penetration of some photosensitizers (PSs) activatable with short wavelengths. In this study, a novel hypoxia-active PS with operability in the near-infrared (NIR) region was developed, which showed high photoactivity toward cancer cells even under hypoxic environments. This strategy could potentially pave the way for the development of novel NIR- and hypoxia-active Ru(ii)-based theragnostic PSs.
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Alicia Marco, Gloria Vigueras, Natalia Busto, Natalia Cutillas, Delia Bautista, Jose Ruiz
Summary: New valproate Ir(iii) and Rh(iii) half-sandwich conjugates with a C,N-phenylbenzimidazole chelated ligand have been synthesized and characterized. The conjugation of valproic acid to organometallic fragments appears to enhance the antibacterial activity of the complexes against Enterococcus faecium and Staphylococcus aureus Gram-positive bacteria.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Natalia Busto, Gloria Vigueras, Natalia Cutillas, Begona Garcia, Jose Ruiz
Summary: This study found that a new series of heteroleptic iridium(III) complexes showed remarkable effectiveness against Gram positive strains, especially Ir1 and Ir2, which were even 10 times more active than the fluoroquinolone antibiotic norfioxacin. The antimicrobial activity of these complexes is achieved by inducing ROS generation.
DALTON TRANSACTIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Joaquin Bonelli, Enrique Ortega-Forte, Gloria Vigueras, Manel Bosch, Natalia Cutillas, Josep Rocas, Jose Ruiz, Vicente Marchan
Summary: By encapsulating poorly soluble cyclometalated Ir(III) complexes using polyurethane-polyurea hybrid nanocapsules, their solubility is improved and the nanocapsules can enhance cellular uptake and cytotoxicity, leading to inhibition of tumor growth.
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dan He, Yawen Li, Fuwen Zhao, Yuze Lin
Summary: High trap density in organic solar cells leads to localized charge carriers and reduced carrier lifetime, limiting device efficiency. This feature article summarizes the recent advances of trap suppression by material design and device engineering.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Olivier Monfort, Arshitha Madhusudhan, Martin Motola
Summary: This article presents the advantages of coupling photocatalysis and Fenton-based processes for environmental remediation and discusses their synergy. It critically examines the simultaneous triggering of these two processes and provides insights into research approaches. The study aims to enhance understanding of this complex process and highlight the potential integration of new catalysts in current wastewater treatment technology.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Manideepa Dhar, Chittaranjan Mishra, Avijit Das, Uttam Manna
Summary: An approach of 'polymerization of monomers in its aggregated form' has been introduced to tailor the water wettability of fibrous and porous substrates, achieving hydrophobicity to superhydrophobicity transition, as well as patterned wettability. This facile chemical method provides a durable coating with adjustable and patterned wettability for various potential applications.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Saswat Ranjan Bhoi, Chhanda Debnath, Shikha Gandhi
Summary: In this article, a novel catalytic reaction using Pd(0) and Bronsted acid is reported for the synthesis of biologically important imidazolidinone-fused N-heterocycles through redox-neutral intramolecular N-allylation of indoles and pyrroles with alkynes. This atom-economical method is applicable to a wide range of substrates and eliminates the need for leaving groups or oxidizing agents commonly used in traditional allylation reactions.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Longkun Chen, Mingshuai Zhang, Meichen Liu, Zhuoyuan Liu, Yuetong Qiu, Zhilai Zhang, Fuchao Yu, Jiuzhong Huang
Summary: In this study, an efficient Rh(III)-catalyzed selective mono- and dual-C-H bond functionalization/cyclization with iodonium ylide as the sole coupling partner was demonstrated. Fused benzodiazepine skeletons were obtained in excellent yields, providing an improved approach to dual C-H unsymmetrical functionalization.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Alice Kennett, Sven Epple, Gabriella van der Valk, Irene Georgiou, Evelyne Gout, Romain R. Vives, Angela J. Russell
Summary: This study presents the design and synthesis of sulfated disaccharide inhibitors based on IdoA(2S)-GlcNS(6S), which showed potent inhibition of Sulf-2. The results suggest that IdoA(2S)-GlcNS(6S) is the shortest fragment size required for effective inhibition of Sulfs, and a trisulfated disaccharide is identified as the minimal fragment size of heparan sulfate for effective endosulfatase inhibition.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mauro Garbini, Andrea Brunetti, Riccardo Pedrazzani, Magda Monari, Massimo Marcaccio, Giulio Bertuzzi, Marco Bandini
Summary: The self-adaptability of galvanostatic electrolysis was found to be helpful in a multistage chemo- and diastereoselective electrochemically promoted cyclodimerization of chalcones. Through a series of reductive events, densely functionalized cyclopentanes with five contiguous stereocenters were obtained (25 examples, yields up to 95%, dr values up to >20:1). Further experimental and electrochemical investigations indicated the crucial role of dynamic kinetic resolution of the aldol intermediate in the reaction mechanism.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Dhananjay S. Nipate, Neha Meena, Prakash N. Swami, Krishnan Rangan, Anil Kumar
Summary: In this study, the synthesis of functionalized benzo[a]phenazines and indazolo[2,3-a]quinolines was achieved through Rh(III)-catalyzed oxidative annulation of 2-arylquinoxalines and 2-aryl-2H-indazoles with allyl alcohols. The method showed a wide substrate scope, excellent functional group tolerance, good to high yields of annulated products, and the capability for scaled-up synthesis. A tentative mechanism of the annulation reaction was proposed based on a preliminary mechanistic investigation.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ruonan Zhang, Abudukadi Tudi, Xia Yang, Xuping Wang, Zhihua Yang, Shujuan Han, Shilie Pan
Summary: A new lead tellurium borate material with a unique fundamental building block [B4O10] was synthesized and found to exhibit high birefringence. The structure-property relationship was discussed using first-principles calculations.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Amresh Kumar Singh, Baishali Thakurta, Anupam Giri, Monalisa Pal
Summary: This study introduces three key concepts for the quick synthesis of large-scale high-quality 2D materials films and their utilization in device fabrication.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Reina Hagiwara, Shun Nishimura, Kosuke Okeyoshi
Summary: A copolymer-conjugated nanocatalytic system has been developed to improve electron transfer and enhance photoinduced H2 generation.
CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
