A photoelectrochemical immunosensor for benzo[a]pyrene detection amplified by bifunctional gold nanoparticles

Ultrasensitive photoelectrochemical immunoassay of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) is proposed using an antibody-modified nanostructured TiO(2) electrode combined with bifunctional gold nanoparticles modified with the PAH antigen and horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The HRP-catalyzed reaction prompts the electron transfer between the electrode and electrolyte causing an excellent photocatalytic performance.