Increasing the H+ exchange capacity of porous titanium phosphonate materials by protecting defective P-OH groups

Hierarchically macro-/mesoporous titanium phosphonates with enlarged H+ exchange capacity were synthesized in the presence of a series of alkyl amines that acted as protective groups for the defective P-OH, which were used as promising solid acid catalysts to replace conventional liquid acid catalysts and acidic resins in some acid-catalytic reactions.