Article
Engineering, Environmental
Nayeong Kim, Xiao Su, Choonsoo Kim
Summary: The study introduces a redox-mediated system for selective lithium recovery, which continuously enriches the source water and simultaneously recovers lithium using a selective adsorbent. This system successfully concentrated lithium ions up to 37 mM Li+ with exceptional selectivity, even from extremely dilute lithium-containing solutions. The introduction of lambda-MnO2 as a chemical adsorbent led to high lithium selectivity coefficients in a synthetic solution, showing potential for industrial application of the lithium recovery process.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yuan-Wei Chang, Kam-Heng Lam, Chien Chang, Hou-Ren Chen, Kuan-Wei Su, Yi-Chia Chou
Summary: The Ni/Si reactive multilayer (RML) shows great potential for applications such as reactive joining, igniters, and power sources. By controlling the atomic ratios of Ni and Si as well as the RML thickness, a rapid explosive reaction can be achieved, resulting in uniform and controlled Ni silicides. The study also proposes a transient heat transfer model, which explains the influence of RML thickness and thermal diffusivity on the reaction rate and silicide phase.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Sreejith Santhosh, Haodong Qin, Bjoern F. Klose, Gustaaf B. Jacobs, Jerome Vetel, Mattia Serra
Summary: We propose a frame-invariant theory to describe the formation of material spikes during flow separation over a no-slip boundary in three-dimensional flows. Our theory identifies both fixed and moving separation based on the exact evolution of the largest principal curvature on near-wall material surfaces. We also derive explicit formulas for the evolution of the Weingarten map and the principal curvatures of any surface advected by general three-dimensional flows.
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew Z. Lin, Kiersten M. Ruff, Furqan Dar, Ameya Jalihal, Matthew R. King, Jared M. Lalmansingh, Ammon E. Posey, Nadia A. Erkamp, Ian Seim, Amy S. Gladfelter, Rohit V. Pappu
Summary: The authors report that protein-RNA condensates with shared proteins and distinct RNAs can form and persist in vitro and in cells as distinct entities if the nonshared RNA molecules are dynamically arrested, but the shared protein components are dynamically exchangeable.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Haimiao Liu, Annette F. Taylor
Summary: The transfer of oxygen at the air-water interface plays a crucial role in the spatiotemporal behavior of the iodine clock reaction with sulfite. The reaction of oxygen with sulfite controls the switch between low-iodine and high-iodine states under well-stirred conditions and drives the formation of transient iodine gradients. In thin layers, the reaction couples with convective instability at the air-water interface, forming an extended network-like structure of iodine that develops into a spotted pattern at the base of the layer.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ronny Kursteiner, Yong Ding, Maximilian Ritter, Guido Panzarasa
Summary: Autonomous synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles (green rust, magnetite, and lepidocrocite) was demonstrated by precipitating iron(II) ions using hydroxide ions generated in situ with the MGS reaction. The nature of the products can be predetermined by tuning the initial iron(II) concentration.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yanyan An, Mengxin Han, Huaili Zheng, Wei Ding, Qiang Sun, Chao Hu, Liushi Zheng
Summary: A hollow-structured self-floating copper-loaded catalyst was successfully prepared and applied for As(III) oxidation, showing good surface area, stability, and catalytic efficiency. The catalyst can float and be easily separated from water, demonstrating stability after multiple cycles and effectiveness in various geochemical conditions.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yirong Feng, Haomiao Zhang, Jingdai Wang, Yongrong Yang
Summary: This study presents a design strategy for in-line mixers for 3D printing and an evaluation protocol to comprehensively characterize their performance. A split-and-recombination type mixer with stationary oblique baffles is engineered for demonstration, showing effective blending at low to intermediate Reynolds numbers. The low-cost and easy implementation of 3D printing allows for rapid model evaluation and optimization in the laboratory setting.
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Polymer Science
Ryota Haraguchi, Yushi Oishi, Takayuki Narita
Summary: Macroscopic spatial patterns formed in calcium alginate gels consist of multi-concentric rings and streaks. The distance between concentric rings is proportional to the distance from which the calcium nitrate solution was dropped, and this proportionality factor depends on the temperature and alginate concentration. The patterns in the concentric rings are similar to Liesegang patterns, while the streaks resemble crack patterns resulting from inhomogeneous shrinkage during drying.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peiran Zhang, Joseph Rufo, Chuyi Chen, Jianping Xia, Zhenhua Tian, Liying Zhang, Nanjing Hao, Zhanwei Zhong, Yuyang Gu, Krishnendu Chakrabarty, Tony Jun Huang
Summary: This study introduces acoustoelectronic nanotweezers, which combine the precision of electronic tweezers with the large-field dynamic control of acoustic tweezers, demonstrating complex patterning of sub-100nm objects.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Divij Ramesh Nalge, Tarak Karmakar, Saswata Bhattacharya, Krishna Bharadwaj Balasubramanian
Summary: Nanopores in graphene monolayers have great potential for molecular separation applications like desalination and carbon capture. First-principles calculations are used to identify a suitable thermodynamic window for growing graphene monolayers with controlled pore size distribution in a chemical vapor deposition system. The resulting graphene monolayers can achieve controllable pore density through annealing, enabling effective desalination of seawater.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Natham Aguirre, Michal Kowalczyk
Summary: This study investigates the problem of pattern formation using a one dimensional stochastic reaction-diffusion equation with time periodic coefficients. Large Deviations methods are applied to obtain lower bounds on the probability of developing certain evenly spaced patterns. The results suggest a correlation between the optimized number of interfaces and the length-scale parameter. Numerical simulations support the idea that the number of interfaces follows a certain law, even among unevenly spaced patterns.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Zhenlong Xiao, Xin Wang, Lin Hong
Summary: Self-organized pattern formation enables swarm robots to autonomously interact with local environments and form complex structures without global knowledge. This study proposes a novel cellular reaction gene regulatory network (CR-GRN) for controlling pattern formation maneuvering. Simulation experiments demonstrate that CR-GRN can satisfy the requirements of turning curvature and maintain robot uniformity, allowing robots to effectively cope with complex environments and maintain stable formations during maneuvering.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROROBOTICS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Hantaek Bae
Summary: This paper investigates two models for pattern formation in active systems on a d-dimensional torus. The first model focuses on the density and tubule orientation field, while the second model considers the Active model C. Unique global-in-time solutions are proven for both models when the initial data is sufficiently small.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
David Hernandez-Aristizabal, Diego A. Garzon-Alvarado, Anotida Madzvamuse
Summary: The purpose of this article was to study Turing pattern formation in one- and two-dimensional domains under heterogeneous distributions of parameters for an activator-depleted model. The results revealed that wave modes of adjacent subsets evolve locally with continuity across the interface, and emphasized the crucial role of initial conditions in the selection of excitable wave modes and formation of inhomogeneous patterns.
JOURNAL OF NONLINEAR SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brigitta Duzs, Istvan Szalai
REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS
(2018)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Krisztina Kurin-Csorgei, Eszter Poros-Tarcali, Istvan Molnar, Miklos Orban, Istvan Szalai
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Brigitta Duzs, Istvan Szalai
Summary: Operating natural or artificial chemical systems requires nonequilibrium conditions, which can be achieved by open reaction-diffusion systems like hydrogels. By separating two reactants in two channels in a hydrogel, a bipolar antagonistic diffusion field is created, allowing for spatial separation of reaction intermediates.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Istvan Szalai, Brigitta Duzs, Istvan Molnar, Krisztina Kurin-Csorgei, Miklos Orban
Summary: Bromate-sulfite reaction-based pH-oscillators are highly useful in chemical oscillators, providing strong H+ pulses and displaying diverse spatiotemporal dynamics in various gel reactors. These reactions are suitable for generating spatiotemporal patterns in open reactors, with recent experiments observing reaction-diffusion phenomena and different patterns using different reactor configurations.
REACTION KINETICS MECHANISMS AND CATALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Brigitta Duzs, Gabor Hollo, Gabor Schuszter, Dezso Horvath, Agota Toth, Istvan Szalai, Istvan Lagzi
Summary: The design and synthesis of crystalline materials require proper control over size and polydispersity. In this study, an out-of-equilibrium method using a continuous two-side feed of reagents in a hydrogel matrix was utilized to generate ZIF-8 crystals. The size and polydispersity of the crystals were controlled by mass fluxes of reagents and reaction time. This approach was also shown to be applicable for synthesizing gold nanoparticles in a redox process.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brigitta Duzs, Istvan Molnar, Istvan Lagzi, Istvan Szalai
Summary: Studying the effects of coupling and forcing of oscillators is a significant and interesting area within nonlinear dynamics. This paper explores the impact of time-periodic boundary conditions on open reactors in reaction-diffusion systems, using numerical simulations. The results suggest that this approach may open new perspectives for controlling and designing spatiotemporal phenomena in open reactors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Petteri Kettunen, Do Sung Huh, Istvan Szalai, Tomohiko Yamaguchi
Summary: Revival waves and oscillations were observed in a closed bromate-1,4-cyclohexanedione reaction system containing ferroin catalyst. Experiments revealed that these oscillations spontaneously emerged under specific reaction conditions, with numerical calculations providing insight into the underlying mechanism. The simulations were able to reproduce the qualitative, but not yet quantitative properties of the experimentally observed revival oscillations.
ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brigitta Duzs, Gabor Hollo, Hiroyuki Kitahata, Elliott Ginder, Nobuhiko J. Suematsu, Istvan Lagzi, Istvan Szalai
Summary: Turing instability is a general mechanism of pattern formation in reaction-diffusion systems, which has been observed in various biological phenomena. However, the robustness of the Turing mechanism remains uncertain. This study investigates the effect of sinusoidal variation of input feed concentrations on chemical Turing patterns, and demonstrates that patterns can still emerge even with significant amplitude variation. Moreover, time-dependent feeding can be used to control pattern formation, leading to the disappearance of settled patterns or the emergence of new patterns from a homogeneous steady state.
COMMUNICATIONS CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Csenge Galanics, Virag Sintar, Istvan Szalai
Summary: This paper aims to provide experimental evidence of bistability and related dynamical phenomena, such as excitability and oscillations in autocatalytic reactions performed in a tubular flow reactor. The linear residence time ramp may result in the simultaneous appearance of different dynamic states along the length of the pipe, enhancing our understanding of nonlinear flow chemistry and its role in natural pattern formation.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Monika Bak, Judith Mihaly, Gergo Gyulai, Istvan Szalai, Imre Varga, Robert Meszaros
Summary: Experiments revealed the formation of solid films at liquid interfaces through the interfacial association of anionic polyelectrolytes and surfactants. These films possess temperature sensitivity and offer an alternative to previously synthesized solid polyion/surfactant assemblies.
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Laszlo Mihaly Grob, Istvan Lagzi, Istvan Szalai
Summary: The mechanism proposed by Turing for reaction-diffusion systems is widely used to explain pattern formation in various fields. The persistence of patterns in changing environments is crucial in many natural cases. Experimental studies of these phenomena can be carried out using specially designed chemical systems, such as two-side-fed open gel reactors. By testing the effect of time-periodic boundary conditions on the dynamics of Turing patterns, this configuration allows for a better understanding of pattern formation in altering environments. Numerical simulations based on realistic chemistry and a 2D reactor description can reproduce feeding from boundaries and concentration gradients, revealing two regimes, spatiotemporal oscillations and pulsating spot patterns, with the possibility of a mixed-mode pattern. The findings suggest that periodic feeding can effectively control pattern formation in chemical systems.
ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brigitta Duzs, Istvan Lagzi, Istvan Szalai
Summary: Hydrogen ion autocatalytic reactions, when combined with negative feedback, exhibit various dynamic phenomena such as clock behavior, bistability, oscillations, waves, and stationary patterns. The resulting pH variations can significantly influence the geometry, conformation, reactivity, and mechanical motion of pH-sensitive physico-chemical systems. This review summarizes the nonlinear dynamics of these reactions and the approaches to coupling pH-sensitive units, highlighting the critical operational issue of feedback on the autocatalytic reactions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brigitta Duzs, Istvan Szalai
COMMUNICATIONS CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brigitta Duzs, Patrick De Kepper, Istvan Szalai
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Brigitta Duzs, Istvan Szalai