Article
Neurosciences
Xin Hao, Taicheng Huang, Yiying Song, Xiangzhen Kong, Jia Liu
Summary: The study reveals age-related changes in the navigation network organization, with increasing modularity under resting-state and increasing flexibility under task-state. Task-modulated FC changes were found to be greater in adults than in children, suggesting differences in network organization between age groups during tasks.
Article
Neurosciences
Haiteng Wang, Ke Yu, Tianyi Yang, Lingjing Zeng, Jialu Li, Cimin Dai, Ziyi Peng, Yongcong Shao, Weiwei Fu, Jianlin Qi
Summary: The study analyzed changes in whole-brain functional connectivity in the neostriatum of 30 healthy adult men after 36 hours of complete sleep deprivation, finding significantly reduced functional connectivity between the putamen and other brain regions, which may contribute to impaired motor control and regulatory network in individuals in the sleep-deprived state.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Juan Du, Weihe Yao, Jianrui Li, Fang Yang, Jingze Hu, Qiang Xu, Ling Liu, Qiushi Lv, Rui Liu, Ruidong Ye, Minmin Ma, Wusheng Zhu, Zhiqiang Zhang, Xinfeng Liu
Summary: The study compared the effects of high-frequency and low-frequency repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on motor recovery and functional reorganization of the cortical motor network during the early phase of stroke. Results showed that the real rTMS groups exhibited greater motor improvements for at least 3 months post-treatment, with increased resting-state functional connectivity observed in the high-frequency group compared to the sham group.
NEUROREHABILITATION AND NEURAL REPAIR
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Shuoshu Lin, Dan Wang, Haojun Sang, Hongjun Xiao, Kecheng Yan, Dongyang Wang, Yizheng Zhang, Li Yi, Guangjian Shao, Zhiyong Shao, Aoran Yang, Lei Zhang, Jinyan Sun
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the motor network reorganization in stroke patients and proposed a machine learning-based method to predict the patients' motor dysfunction. By measuring the hemodynamic signals of the motor cortex using NIRS in healthy subjects and stroke patients, they found significant differences in the small-world properties of the motor network between different groups, which correlated with the Fugl-Meyer Assessment scores of the patients. Using these small-world properties as features, they constructed SVM models that accurately classified the subjects with an accuracy of 85.7%. Overall, this method is of great significance in assessing the degree of poststroke dyskinesia at the individual level.
Article
Neurosciences
Bo Rao, Dan Xu, Chaoyang Zhao, Shouchao Wang, Xuan Li, Wenbo Sun, Yadong Gang, Jian Fang, Haibo Xu
Summary: This study identified 8 RSNs in monkeys, showing similar development patterns as humans but with fine-tuning adjustments. The results suggest that monkeys can be a good animal model for studying human brain function.
Article
Neurosciences
Fengmei Fan, Xuhong Liao, Tianyuan Lei, Tengda Zhao, Mingrui Xia, Weiwei Men, Yanpei Wang, Mingming Hu, Jie Liu, Shaozheng Qin, Shuping Tan, Jia-Hong Gao, Qi Dong, Sha Tao, Yong He
Summary: A study on the developmental trajectories of the default-mode network (DMN) using longitudinal resting-state fMRI data revealed that connectivity strength and network efficiency increased from childhood to adolescence, particularly in midline structures. The identification of three subclusters within the DMN based on divergent developmental rates of nodal centrality highlights the complex developmental patterns of this network system. These findings have implications for understanding the network mechanisms underlying cognitive development in individuals.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yara Massalha, Eleonora Maggioni, Antonio Callari, Paolo Brambilla, Giuseppe Delvecchio
Summary: In recent years, studies have shown that patients with bipolar disorder (BD) have deficits in executive functions (EF) and social cognition (SC), resulting in severe impairment in functional interaction with others and the environment. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies have identified functional connectivity (FC) deficits in specific resting-state networks involved in EF and SC in BD patients, particularly in the default mode network and the sensory-motor network. Alterations in prefrontal connections play a predominant role in explaining the cognitive deficits in BD. Rs-fMRI studies can deepen our understanding of the brain network alterations underlying EF and SC deficits in BD and may lead to the development of new neurobiological-based approaches to improve the quality of life for these patients.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Daniela Zoeller, Corrado Sandini, Marie Schaer, Stephan Eliez, Danielle S. Bassett, Dimitri Van De Ville
Summary: This study explored the implications of aberrant structural connectivity for the brain's functional dynamics in patients with 22q11DS using principles from network control theory. The results showed alterations in persistence control energy in a variety of brain states in 22q11DS, indicating a deficiency in the ability to reduce energy through brain activation in these patients. In summary, this research provides initial insights into the functional implications of altered structural connectivity in 22q11DS, which could enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying the disease.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Kavita Singh, Simone Cauzzo, Maria Guadalupe Garcia-Gomar, Matthew Stauder, Nicola Vanello, Claudio Passino, Marta Bianciardi
Summary: Brainstem nuclei are crucial for arousal and motor control, but their connectivity in living humans remains understudied. In this study, we investigated the resting-state functional connectivity of 18 arousal and motor brainstem nuclei in 20 healthy subjects using high-resolution 7 Tesla fMRI and an in-vivo probabilistic atlas. We found that arousal nuclei showed high interconnectivity with thalamus, hypothalamus, basal forebrain, and frontal cortex, while motor nuclei showed connectivity with cerebellum, basal ganglia, and motor cortex. The results highlight the importance of the functional connectome of these brainstem nuclei for understanding arousal, sleep, and accompanying motor functions.
Article
Neurosciences
Paolo Finotelli, Carlo Piccardi, Edie Miglio, Paolo Dulio
Summary: The paper introduces a graphlet-based topological algorithm for studying the brain network at resting state, highlighting brain regions most frequently interacting. The analysis shows that the approach provides a viable tool for the topological characterization of brain regions. Through the graphlet analysis, the paper also validates the power of catching network differences and investigates the relationship between different groups of subjects based on graph correlation distances.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Hang Wu, Qiuyou Xie, Jiahui Pan, Qimei Liang, Yue Lan, Yequn Guo, Junrong Han, Musi Xie, Yueyao Liu, Liubei Jiang, Xuehai Wu, Yuanqing Li, Pengmin Qin
Summary: Using task-dependent neuroimaging techniques, recent studies have found patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) who show signs of awareness but cannot perform specific tasks accurately due to cognitive impairments, leading to false-negative findings. This study investigates the use of temporal stability as a tool to detect cognitive functions and identify cognitive motor dissociation (CMD) in DOC patients. The results show that temporal stability is impaired in DOC patients and that a Support Vector Machine (SVM) model based on temporal stability can accurately distinguish DOC patients from controls and identify CMD.
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Qicheng Mei, Jinhua She, Zhen-Tao Liu
Summary: An improved equivalent-input-disturbance (EID) approach is proposed using a high-order filter to enhance disturbance rejection performance without altering system bandwidth. The system stability and disturbance rejection mechanism are analyzed through the transfer function and loop-shaping method. Simulation results in a rotational control system validate the approach's effectiveness and superiority.
JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Nicolas Guerithault, Samuel M. McClure, Chinedum O. Ojinnaka, B. Blair Braden, Meg Bruening
Summary: In this study, fMRI was used to investigate the differences in functional connectivity across cognitive networks at rest among college students with different levels of food security. The results suggest that food insecurity is associated with poorer executive function and altered functional connectivity in specific brain regions, which may contribute to executive function difficulties in college students.
Article
Neurosciences
Qili Hu, Yunfei Li, Yunying Wu, Xiaomei Lin, Xiaohu Zhao
Summary: This study aimed to explore the changes in brain network hierarchy in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their clinical relevance. The results revealed that the posterior default mode network (DMN) gradient values decreased significantly in AD patients compared to healthy controls (HCs). Regionally, both mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and AD groups showed increased gradient values in anterior DMN and decreased gradient values in posterior DMN compared to HCs. Additionally, the decrease of gradients in the left middle occipital gyrus was associated with better logical memory performance, while the increase of gradients in the right middle frontal gyrus was associated with lower rates of dementia. These findings suggest that the changes in network hierarchy in AD patients are closely related to memory function and disease severity.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2022)
Article
Biology
Idan E. Nemirovsky, Nicholas J. M. Popiel, Jorge Rudas, Matthew Caius, Lorina Naci, Nicholas D. Schiff, Adrian M. Owen, Andrea Soddu
Summary: This study applies Integrated Information Theory 3.0 to functional MRI data to explain and quantify consciousness. The results show that the measure of integrated information, & phi;(max), is modulated by sedation in different resting-state networks. Changes in & phi;(max) closely reflect changes in conscious level in the frontoparietal and dorsal attention networks.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Psychiatry
Sana A. Ali, Ashley Moyett, Miklos Argyelan, Anita D. Barber, Philipp Homan, Jose M. Rubio, Christina Fales, Juan A. Gallego, Todd Lencz, Anil K. Malhotra
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2020)
Review
Neurosciences
Pamela DeRosse, Anita D. Barber
Summary: Early-life stress, such as childhood maltreatment, has a significant impact on the development and function of brain systems related to emotion and reward processing, which play a key role in the onset and severity of psychosis. Understanding these disruptions can provide insights into the pathophysiology of psychosis and potential neurobiological mechanisms that contribute to resilience against psychotic disorders.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Heather M. Shappell, Kelly A. Duffy, Keri S. Rosch, James J. Pekar, Stewart H. Mostofsky, Martin A. Lindquist, Jessica R. Cohen
Summary: Studies have found that children with ADHD spend less time in certain states involving default mode network and task-related networks compared to typically developing children, and they switch states more quickly. Additionally, children with ADHD spend more time in a hyperconnected state.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Angela W. Huang, Anita D. Barber
Summary: The study investigated the role of the lateral pulvinar nucleus (LPN) in visual attention and its development throughout late childhood to early adulthood. The findings revealed changes in LPN functional connectivity with visual processing regions, as well as the association between LPN connectivity patterns and attention deficits, particularly in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The results suggest that LPN connectivity with higher order attention networks plays a crucial role in attention abilities.
Article
Psychiatry
Jose M. Rubio, Todd Lencz, Anita Barber, Ashley Moyett, Sana Ali, Franchesica Bassaw, Gabriela Ventura, Nicole Germano
Summary: This study aimed to compare the impact of adherence status on the striatal connectivity index (SCI) during psychosis relapse. The results showed that individuals who relapsed despite ongoing antipsychotic treatment had lower SCI values, suggesting aberrant striatal functional connectivity during psychosis relapse.
SCHIZOPHRENIA RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Anita D. Barber, Juan A. Gallego, Pamela DeRosse, Michael L. Birnbaum, Todd Lencz, Sana A. Ali, Ashley Moyett, Anil K. Malhotra
Summary: This study found that autonomic arousal-related activity is associated with cognitive performance and the pathophysiology of first-episode psychosis. The impact of altered autonomic arousal on cognitive performance in these patients is still unknown.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Todd Lencz, Ashley Moyett, Miklos Argyelan, Anita D. Barber, John Cholewa, Michael L. Birnbaum, Juan A. Gallego, Majnu John, Philip R. Szeszko, Delbert G. Robinson, Anil K. Malhotra
Summary: This study found that the baseline spontaneous activity in the orbitofrontal cortex may serve as a potential biomarker for predicting the treatment response of patients with antipsychotic drugs.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Hengyi Cao, Todd Lencz, Juan Gallego, Anita Barber, Michael Birnbaum, Delbert Robinson, Anil Malhotra
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Anita Barber, Juan Gallego, Pamela DeRosse, Michael Birnbaum, Todd Lencz, Ashley Moyett, Anil Malhotra
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Todd Lencz, Ashley Moyett, Miklos Argyelan, Anita Barber, John Cholewa, Michael Birnbaum, Majnu John, Philip Szeszko, Delbert Robinson, Anil Malhotra
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Anita D. Barber, Catherine E. Hegarty, Martin Lindquist, Katherine H. Karlsgodt
Summary: Recent research has shown that evaluating connectivity changes across time can provide valuable insight about the inherent dynamic nature of brain function. Results indicate that dynamic connectivity in the brain has a moderate level of heritability at the genetic level, particularly with greater heritability for dynamic variance compared to either dynamic mean or static connectivity.
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Todd Lencz, Miklos Argyelan, Ashley Moyett, Michael Birnbaum, Juan Gallego, Majnu John, Anita Barber, Philip Szeszko, Delbert Robinson, Anil Malhotra
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Jose Rubio, Todd Lencz, Anita Barber, Ashley Moyett, Sana Ali, Gabriela Ventura, Nicole Germano, Franchesica Bassaw, Anil Malhotra, John Kane
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Todd Lencz, Miklos Argyelan, Ashley Moyett, Michael Birnbaum, Juan Gallego, Majnu John, Anita Barber, Philip Szeszko, Delbert Robinson, Anil Malhotra
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Anita Barber, Juan Gallego, Pamela DeRosse, Michael Birnbaum, Todd Lencz, Sana Ali, Ashley Moyett, Anil Malhotra
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2020)