Review
Cell Biology
Anne Teissier, Alessandra Pierani
Summary: This review discusses the historical and recent advances in the understanding of cortical hierarchy in adults, the similarities and differences in the developmental processes underlying cortical development of primary and higher-order areas, and the potential impact of the dramatic expansion in cortical size on cognitive complexification in evolution. It also explores the alteration of cortical hierarchy in neuropsychiatric disorders and their potential developmental origins.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Nuria Tort-Colet, Cristiano Capone, Maria V. Sanchez-Vives, Maurizio Mattia
Summary: The study found that as anesthesia fades out in the rat visual cortex, slow oscillations gradually increase their frequency, eventually showing maximum regularity, followed by the abrupt onset of an infra-slow alternation between sleep-like oscillations and activated states. The dynamical richness emerges as a competition between two metastable attractor states, strongly supported by the data.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Renfei Yang, Fu Ren, Wenxuan Xu, Xiangyuan Ma, Hongwei Zhang, Wenwen He
Summary: This study used a new dataset and Bayesian spatiotemporal hierarchy models to examine the trends and influencing factors of ESV in China, revealing a continuous decline in total ESV and exploring the impacts of 9 related variables in depth.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mohammed Alabedalhadi
Summary: The study investigates the exact travelling wave solutions of nonlinear triple fractional Schrodinger equations involving a modified Riemann-Liouville fractional derivative, using the Backlund transformation to handle the system. The methodology lies in converting the equations into a nonlinear system of fractional ODEs and obtaining an infinite sequence of solutions through solving the resulting system. Graphical representations of the solutions are illustrated to test accuracy and verify the proposed method's effectiveness.
ALEXANDRIA ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Hadi Rezazadeh, Meryem Odabasi, Kalim U. Tariq, Reza Abazari, Haci Mehmet Baskonus
Summary: In this paper, exact traveling wave solutions of the conformable differential equations have been examined. The conformable nonlinear Schrodinger equation has been converted into an integer order differential equation using wave transformation and properties of the conformable derivative. A new extension of the Baaklund method has been offered and applied to the CNLSE, leading to novel exact traveling wave solutions with group velocity dispersion and second order spatiotemporal dispersion coefficients.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Pengcheng Ruan, Diangui Huang
Summary: Turbines are capable of converting thermal energy into mechanical energy by absorbing energy from high-temperature and high-pressure gas. We propose a built-in variable wavelength traveling wave turbine that operates differently from conventional turbines. Numerical simulation shows that the motion waveform of the traveling wave turbine varies with variable wavelength, and the energy absorption rate follows a first increase and then decrease trend, reaching a maximum efficiency of 89.71%. The pressure regions divided by the moving traveling wave plate indicate that fluid energy is mainly transferred to the plate. The velocity varies prominently near the leading edge and trailing edge of the plate, and the area of the vortex sheet also changes significantly.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mikyung Choe, Seung-Hyun Jin, June Sic Kim, Chun Kee Chung
Summary: To understand consciousness, it is important to study the spatiotemporal changes in cortical activity during the induction phase of unconsciousness caused by general anesthesia. Our study found that there were specific temporal changes in different cortical regions during the induction phase, suggesting that disrupted communication with the external world occurs before disrupted communication within oneself.
CLINICAL NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Xincui Tian, Hongchun Shu
Summary: This paper presented a novel one-terminal traveling-wave-based fault-location method for transmission lines, which utilized fault-location function to determine fault location from corresponding traveling wave change-points. The method was evaluated through modeling and real-world testing, demonstrating its effectiveness in fault location.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL POWER & ENERGY SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics
Miguel Rodriguez, Jing Li, Zhijun Qiao
Summary: In this study, we investigate the negative order KdV (NKdV) hierarchy for generating nonlinear integrable equations. Different evolution equations can be obtained by selecting different seed functions. We focus on one of these equations by applying the traveling wave setting. Assuming a certain type of solution leads us to solve a cubic equation. Although new solutions are found, none of them are classical solitary traveling wave solutions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuliia Vyborna, Jean-Christophe Galas, Andre Estevez-Torres
Summary: Living cells move and change shape due to chemical reactions that modify their cytoskeleton. By using DNA-responsive surfaces to control an active gel made of microtubules, forces can be generated to structure the gel, forming periodic band patterns or global contractions depending on DNA sequence and concentration. The structuration of the active gel can be spatially controlled in the presence of a DNA concentration gradient, showing potential for the development of life-like materials with self-shaping properties.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Florian Kreten
Summary: This article studies a reaction-diffusion system with two types of particle densities. Simulations indicate that the system self-organizes, generating traveling fronts with fixed shape. The study describes all positive and bounded traveling wave solutions and obtains the necessary and sufficient conditions for their existence.
JOURNAL OF MATHEMATICAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Hussain, Younes Chahlaoui, M. Usman, F. D. Zaman, Choonkil Park
Summary: In this research, the integrability properties of the S-KdV equation are investigated using Lie symmetry analysis, the modified auxiliary equation method, and the generalized Jacobi elliptic function expansion method. The obtained analytical solutions have a wide range of applications in mathematical physics.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Mari Ganesh Kumar, Ming Hu, Aadhirai Ramanujan, Mriganka Sur, Hema A. Murthy
Summary: This study analyzed the activity of the mouse visual cortex using machine learning methods and found that area labels could be accurately predicted based on neuronal responses to different visual stimuli. Experiments on resting state responses confirmed the unique response patterns of each area, providing new insights into the segmentation of visual cortical activity.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Toker, Ioannis Pappas, Janna D. Lendner, Joel Frohlich, Diego M. Mateos, Suresh Muthukumaraswamy, Robin Carhart-Harris, Michelle Paff, Paul M. Vespa, Martin M. Monti, Friedrich T. Sommer, Robert T. Knight, Mark D'Esposito
Summary: This study identifies a critical point near which waking cortical oscillatory dynamics operate, known as the edge-of-chaos critical point, and discusses the impact of this critical point on consciousness and its potential clinical applications.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Kang-Jia Wang, Jing Si
Summary: This work explores the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation with Kerr law nonlinearity and proposes new techniques to construct a variety of optical solitons. The obtained solutions include various types of solitons expressed in terms of generalized hyperbolic, trigonometric, and rational functions. The physical behavior of the solitons is illustrated through 3-D plots, 2-D contours, and 2-D curves. These findings provide new insights for the study of soliton theory in optics.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL PLUS
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Jiawei Li, Bo Hong, Guido Nolte, Andreas K. Engel, Dan Zhang
Summary: The study aimed to identify the neural signatures of preparatory processing of upcoming speech by analyzing the delta and alpha band phase responses. The results showed distinct neural signatures for attentional modulation through TRF-based amplitude responses, revealing how the brain gets prepared to process upcoming speech in a naturalistic context.
COGNITIVE NEURODYNAMICS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marina Fiene, Jan-Ole Radecke, Jonas Misselhorn, Malte Sengelmann, Christoph S. Herrmann, Till R. Schneider, Bettina C. Schwab, Andreas K. Engel
Summary: The study found that modulating the temporal pattern of neural excitability in the visual cortex through transcranial alternating current stimulation can affect human brightness perception of rhythmic visual stimuli. The results show that brightness perception is modulated depending on the phase shift between sensory and electrical stimulation, and the modulatory effects depend on neural phase stability.
Article
Neurosciences
Jonas R. Wagner, Miriam Schaper, Wolfgang Hamel, Manfred Westphal, Christian Gerloff, Andreas K. Engel, Christian K. E. Moll, Alessandro Gulberti, Monika Poetter-Nerger
Summary: The study demonstrates that STN+SN DBS is more effective than conventional STN DBS in improving gait impairment in Parkinson's disease patients. The cortical activity of patients during resting and effective stepping shows excessive synchronization in certain frequency bands, which is reduced by DBS. Different patterns of cortical activity are observed during freezing episodes with STN DBS and STN+SN DBS.
FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jianwei Zhang, Stefan Wermter, Fuchun Sun, Changshui Zhang, Andreas K. Engel, Brigitte Roeder, Xiaolan Fu, Gui Xue
FRONTIERS IN NEUROROBOTICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Prasandhya Astagiri Yusuf, Aly Lamuri, Peter Hubka, Jochen Tillein, Martin Vinck, Andrej Kral
Summary: This study provides direct evidence for the influence of congenital deafness on the functional interaction between the supragranular and infragranular layers of the primary auditory cortex. The results demonstrate a loss of synchrony and functional decoupling in congenital deafness, suggesting deficits in cortical processing and intracolumnar microcircuitry.
FRONTIERS IN SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Zhuoran Li, Bo Hong, Daifa Wang, Guido Nolte, Andreas K. Engel, Dan Zhang
Summary: As the world becomes increasingly globalized, non-native language communication is in higher demand; however, the presence of background noise in everyday life poses a significant challenge to non-native speech comprehension. This study used an interbrain approach based on functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate how individuals adapt to comprehend non-native speech information in noisy environments. The findings demonstrated a significant neural coupling in the right hemisphere between listeners and speakers during the processing of non-native speech. Furthermore, certain neural couplings in the listener's right superior temporal gyrus, the right middle temporal gyrus, and the right postcentral gyrus were positively correlated with individual comprehension performance at the strongest noise level.
Article
Neurosciences
Arzu Ceylan Has Silemek, Guido Nolte, Jana Poettgen, Andreas K. Engel, Christoph Heesen, Stefan M. Gold, Jan-Patrick Stellmann
Summary: This study aimed to explore the longitudinal reorganization of brain networks in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients over a period of 2 years, and analyze its association with cognition. The results showed a decline in hub connectivity and global connectivity at a structural level in MS patients, while the hub connectivity in the default-mode network was preserved. In addition, the network models based on functional MRI and magnetoencephalography were similar to diffusion tensor imaging, but had weaker associations with cognition in MS patients.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandro Gulberti, Jonas R. Wagner, Martin A. Horn, Jacob H. Reuss, Miriam Heise, Johannes A. Koeppen, Hans O. Pinnschmidt, Manfred Westphal, Andreas K. Engel, Christian Gerloff, Andrew Sharott, Wolfgang Hamel, Christian K. E. Moll, Monika Poetter-Nerger
Summary: In this study, the role of subthalamic and nigral neurons in the control of parkinsonian gait was assessed using intraoperative microelectrode recordings. The results suggest that subthalamic nucleus neurons are involved in motor aspects of gait control, while substantia nigra neurons are associated with attentional aspects.
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Daniel Schurzig, Felix Repp, Max E. Timm, Cornelia Batsoulis, Thomas Lenarz, Andrej Kral
Summary: Current preoperative planning procedures in cochlear implantation can estimate the coverage of a specific implant in the patient's inner ear, but a new methodology has been developed that allows for virtual implantations of patient-specific cochlear anatomies with different electrode arrays. The model was trained on imaging datasets of 186 human cochleae and validated on 141 preoperative and postoperative clinical CTs of cochlear implant recipients, outperforming current planning approaches in terms of accuracy and available information prior to implantation.
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Ruediger Land, Andrej Kral
Summary: The debate over the extent to which aging of the central auditory pathway impairs auditory perception in the elderly independently of peripheral cochlear decline continues. This study examined potential age-related changes in the auditory brainstem and found that although the brainstem conduction speed slowed down in old mice, it only minimally affected temporal processing in the midbrain. Importantly, complex neural sound representations in the auditory midbrain did not differ between young and old mice. These findings challenge the belief that central auditory decline is an automatic consequence of aging and emphasize the role of undetected peripheral damage and accumulating effects in higher cortical auditory-cognitive processing in explaining perception deficits in the elderly.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Andrej Kral
Summary: The human brain undergoes significant development of the cerebral cortex after birth, with alterations observed in the absence of auditory input. Recent studies have shown that the synapses responsible for processing stimuli and cognitive functions are particularly affected. As the brain is interconnected, congenital deafness not only affects auditory processing but also non-auditory cognition, requiring personalized approaches in childhood deafness therapy.
LARYNGO-RHINO-OTOLOGIE
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Andrej Kral, Anu Sharma
Summary: Crossmodal plasticity is the brain's ability to reorganize based on use. However, evidence shows that this reorganization has limits and is dependent on pre-existing circuitry and top-down interactions. We argue against the hypothesis that crossmodal reorganization closes critical periods in deafness, and instead propose that it is a dynamically adaptable neuronal process. The evidence for crossmodal changes in both developmental and adult-onset deafness is evaluated, showing reversibility when hearing is restored.
TRENDS IN NEUROSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Xinmiao Zhang, Jiawei Li, Zhuoran Li, Bo Hong, Tongxiang Diao, Xin Ma, Guido Nolte, Andreas K. Engel, Dan Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the neural tracking of acoustic and semantic speech information during speech comprehension in noisy environments. The results showed that the neural responses to both acoustic and semantic features of speech were relatively stable regardless of the level of noise. In particular, the study revealed robust leading responses to speech semantics, suggesting a possible predictive mechanism for maintaining reliable speech comprehension in noisy environments.
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Peter Baumhoff, Laya Rahbar Nikoukar, Jose Santos Cruz de Andrade, Thomas Lenarz, Andrej Kral
Summary: To minimize trauma and avoid unwanted interactions of electric and acoustic stimuli, it is recommended to stop cochlear implantation before reaching the cochlear partition with residual hearing. This study investigated the use of intracochlear bipolar summating potential (SP) recordings to determine the exact cochlear position of implanted cochlear implants (CIs) in guinea pigs. The results showed that SP recordings provide reliable information on electrode position in the cochlea, which remains reliable even after moderate hearing loss.
Article
Neurosciences
Wiebke S. S. Konerding, Peter Baumhoff, Andrej Kral
Summary: One severe side effect of cochlear implants is coincidental facial nerve stimulation. Different changes in stimulation modes, such as electrode configuration, pulse shape, and pulse polarity, have been assessed and found to alleviate this side effect. The anodic-rescue effect shows promise as a non-invasive therapeutic option for facial nerve stimulation in cochlear implant users.
JARO-JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION FOR RESEARCH IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2023)