Article
Neurosciences
Yu-Ting Wei, Jei-Wei Wu, Chia-Wei Yeh, Hung-Chang Shen, Kun-Pin Wu, Imre Vida, Cheng-Chang Lien
Summary: VIP+ INs in the DG region of the hippocampus exhibit a high degree of morpho-physiological diversity, with their axons branching in different layers. These INs display variable intrinsic properties and discharge patterns without clear correlation with their morphologies. They show a long latency response to cortical inputs and selectively regulate inhibitory INs over glutamatergic principal neurons through disinhibition mechanisms.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Emmanuelle Martinot, Derek Boerboom
Summary: Slit/Robo signaling pathway plays a crucial role in regulating steroidogenesis in Leydig cells of the testis, potentially mediating negative feedback on testosterone synthesis through an autocrine/paracrine mechanism.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Chia-wei Chang, Meiling Zhao, Samantha Grudzien, Max Oginsky, Yexin Yang, Sung Eun Kwon
Summary: The primary somatosensory cortex (S1) plays an important role in movement control by encoding sensory input and receiving inputs from other sensorimotor areas. In this study, silencing the non-whisker S1 area disrupted hind paw movement during locomotion in mice. Furthermore, the S2 and M1 areas were found to provide major inputs to the non-whisker S1 area, with S2 projections preferentially targeting inhibitory interneurons.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rhiannan H. Williams, Therese Riedemann
Summary: Researchers are extensively studying cortical interneurons to understand their specific functions in the brain and potentially target them for therapeutic purposes. Among the different classes of interneurons, this review focuses on parvalbumin or somatostatin-containing cells.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Business
Ran Tao, Chi-Wei Su, Yidong Xiao, Ke Dai, Fahad Khalid
Summary: The study found that robo advisors outperformed conventional funds, providing convenient and cost-effective advice, and excelling in risk-adjusted performance.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sreenivasulu Basha, Brady Jin-Smith, Chunbao Sun, Liya Pi
Summary: Liver fibrosis is a common consequence of chronic liver damage and can progress to cirrhosis and liver cancer. Recent research has identified signaling pathways, such as the SLIT/ROBO pathway, involved in tumor development and progression. SLIT and ROBO proteins play important roles in axon guidance and have been found to have emerging roles in liver fibrosis and cancer development. The expression patterns of these proteins in normal adult livers and different types of liver cancer have been examined, and their potential therapeutic implications have been reviewed for anti-fibrosis and anti-cancer drug development.
Article
Business, Finance
Klemens Katterbauer, Hassan Syed, Laurent Cleenewerck, Sema Yilmaz Genc
Summary: Sukuks have gained increasing importance in the global financial industry due to their adherence to Islamic principles and their stability. However, their pricing has been a challenge as conventional bond pricing methodologies do not consider the unique characteristics of Sukuks. This article presents an innovative data-driven methodology that integrates deep learning framework to estimate and forecast the prices of Sukuks in the Chinese equity market. It takes into account factors such as cashflows, net income, stock price performance, and textual information, providing a more market and value-based approach to pricing Sukuks.
BORSA ISTANBUL REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Kirill Zavalin, Anjana Hassan, Cary Fu, Eric Delpire, Andre H. Lagrange
Summary: KCC2 is an important regulator of neuronal development and function, maintaining inhibitory responses mediated by GABA receptors. It also interacts with other proteins to regulate various neuronal processes. The loss of KCC2 leads to an imbalance in interneuron subtypes, resulting in seizures and premature death.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Business
Shan Shan, Muhammad Umar, Nawazish Mirza
Summary: Robo advisers, as an alternative to traditional funds, impose a lesser burden on investors and can play a crucial role in low-carbon transitions. The study finds that automated funds investing in low-carbon funds outperform their competitors, and this performance is consistent across various performance measurements.
TECHNOLOGICAL FORECASTING AND SOCIAL CHANGE
(2022)
Article
Management
Agostino Capponi, Sveinn Olafsson, Thaleia Zariphopoulou
Summary: This article introduces a framework for robo-advisors to provide personalized financial advice by solving an adaptive mean-variance portfolio optimization problem. It explores the optimal investment strategy and tradeoff faced by the robo-advisor in receiving timely information from the client and mitigating behavioral biases.
MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ida Ayu Agung Faradynawati, Inga-Lill Soderberg
Summary: The increasing role of individual investors in supporting sustainable development goals through sustainable investment has attracted attention. This study investigates the relationship between investment-related attitudes and demographic profiles with robo-advisor clients' sustainable investment choices. The results suggest that clients with low-risk tolerance and a short investment horizon are more likely to choose sustainable investments, and sustainable investments are preferred by clients who are less wealthy, female, and older.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feng Gu, Isabel Parada, Tao Yang, Frank M. Longo, David A. Prince
Summary: Dravet syndrome is a severe childhood epilepsy caused by mutations in the Scn1a gene. Early treatment with a partial BDNF TrkB receptor agonist can improve PV interneuron function, reduce seizures, and increase survival rates.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hongbin Li, Vishaal Rajani, Lu Han, Danielle Chung, James E. Cooke, Ameet S. Sengar, Michael W. Salter
Summary: NMDA receptors (NMDARs) are a principal subtype of excitatory neurotransmitter receptor, composed of two GluN1 and two GluN2 subunits. Alternative splicing of GluN1 can affect the signaling of glycine, which is crucial for the nonionotropic signaling by NMDARs.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Urology & Nephrology
Jinyu Li, Luiz Henrique Geraldo, Alexandre Dubrac, Georgia Zarkada, Anne Eichmann
Summary: The study uncovers a novel role of Slit2-Robo signaling in glomerular vascularization, where Slit2 specifically affects glomerular endothelium in the developing kidney vasculature. Deletion of Slit2 impacts nephrogenesis and inhibits vascularization of developing glomeruli, indicating potential for enhancing glomerular angiogenesis.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Mohit Dubey, Maria Pascual-Garcia, Koke Helmes, Dennis D. Wever, Mustafa S. Hamada, Steven A. Kushner, Maarten H. P. Kole
Summary: PV+ interneurons in the brain are powerful inhibitors that regulate important cognitive processes. However, they have unusual, patchy myelination, and it is unclear how this affects their function. Loss of myelin in these interneurons reduces signal strength and increases the power of slow brain waves, as well as triggering epilepsy-like brain activity. Restoring myelination helps reverse these deficits and could be a potential therapeutic strategy for cognitive impairments.
Article
Cell Biology
Oriane Pourchet, Marie-Pierre Morel, Quentin Welniarz, Nadege Sarrazin, Fabio Marti, Nicolas Heck, Cecile Gallea, Mohamed Doulazmi, Sergi Roig Puiggros, Juan Antonio Moreno-Bravo, Marie Vidailhet, Alain Trembleau, Philippe Faure, Alain Chedotal, Emmanuel Roze, Isabelle Dusart
Summary: Depletion of floor plate Netrin-1 in the brainstem disrupts CST midline crossing and leads to abnormal motor control, particularly causing symmetric movements. This study reveals the role of Netrin-1 in CST development and provides a mouse model replicating the characteristics of human congenital mirror movements.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xuehua Liang, Hualin Duan, Yahui Mao, Ulrich Koestner, Yiqiu Wei, Feng Deng, Jingshen Zhuang, Huimin Li, Cunchuan Wang, Luis R. Hernandez-Miranda, Weihua Tao, Shiqi Jia
Summary: The study reveals a novel function of the SNAG domain of Insm1 in regulating pancreatic endocrine cell differentiation, particularly in repressing beta- to delta-cell transdifferentiation.
Article
Biology
Elijah D. Lowenstein, Aleksandra Rusanova, Jonas Stelzer, Marc Hernaiz-Llorens, Adrian E. Schroer, Ekaterina Epifanova, Francesca Bladt, Eser Goeksu Isik, Sven Buchert, Shiqi Jia, Victor Tarabykin, Luis R. Hernandez-Miranda
Summary: The transcription factor Olig3 plays a key role in generating early neuronal derivatives in mice by regulating progenitor cell proliferation in the rhombic lip and safeguarding Purkinje cell specification in the ventricular zone.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Robin J. Vigouroux, Karine Duroure, Juliette Vougny, Shahad Albadri, Peter Kozulin, Eloisa Herrera, Kim Nguyen-Ba-Charvet, Ingo Braasch, Rodrigo Suarez, Filippo Del Bene, Alain Chedotal
Summary: The study reveals that bilateral visual projections exist in non-teleost fishes, and that the developmental program specifying visual system laterality differs between fishes and mammals. The presence of ipsilateral projections in fish ganglion cells appears to be absent due to the lack of the Zic2 transcription factor.
Article
Biology
Laura Morcom, Ilan Gobius, Ashley Pl Marsh, Rodrigo Suarez, Jonathan W. C. Lim, Caitlin Bridges, Yunan Ye, Laura R. Fenlon, Yvrick Zagar, Amelia M. Douglass, Amber-Lee S. Donahoo, Thomas Fothergill, Samreen Shaikh, Peter Kozulin, Timothy J. Edwards, Helen M. Cooper, Elliott H. Sherr, Alain Chedotal, Richard J. Leventer, Paul J. Lockhart, Linda J. Richards
Summary: The molecules DCC and NTN1 play a critical role in regulating astroglial development and IHF remodelling during the formation of the corpus callosum (CC) and hippocampal commissure (HC). Human subjects with DCC mutations may experience disrupted IHF remodelling and malformations of the CC and HC. These axon guidance molecules first regulate the formation of a midline substrate for dorsal commissures before playing a role in regulating axonal growth and guidance across it.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muzlifah Haniffa, Deanne Taylor, Sten Linnarsson, Bruce J. Aronow, Gary D. Bader, Roger A. Barker, Pablo G. Camara, J. Gray Camp, Alain Chedotal, Andrew Copp, Heather C. Etchevers, Paolo Giacobini, Berthold Gottgens, Guoji Guo, Ania Hupalowska, Kylie R. James, Emily Kirby, Arnold Kriegstein, Joakim Lundeberg, John C. Marioni, Kerstin B. Meyer, Kathy K. Niakan, Mats Nilsson, Bayanne Olabi, Dana Pe'er, Aviv Regev, Jennifer Rood, Orit Rozenblatt-Rosen, Rahul Satija, Sarah A. Teichmann, Barbara Treutlein, Roser Vento-Tormo, Simone Webb
Summary: The Human Developmental Cell Atlas initiative aims to create a comprehensive reference map of cells during development to understand the basis of human development, congenital and childhood disorders, as well as aging, cancer, and regenerative medicine. The initiative integrates scientists’ data on human development and uses state-of-the-art technologies to create a reference atlas across gestation.
Article
Neurosciences
Svetlana Tutukova, Victor Tarabykin, Luis R. Hernandez-Miranda
Summary: Transcriptional regulation is essential for cell functioning during development and postnatal life, with neural lineage bHLH factors playing critical roles in the central nervous system. The Neurod family, a subgroup of these factors, is crucial for cerebral cortex development and is linked to neurological disorders in humans.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elijah David Lowenstein, Ke Cui, Luis Rodrigo Hernandez-Miranda
Summary: The study of cerebellar development has made significant progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms that regulate neuron specification and diversity in the cerebellum. This knowledge has expanded our understanding of the cerebellum beyond its role in motor control to include various homeostatic and higher order neuronal functions.
Article
Neurosciences
Juan Antonio Moreno Bravo, Quentin Rappeneau, Sergi Roig-Puiggros, Constantino Sotelo, Alain Chedotal
Summary: Inferior olivary neurons in the dorsal hindbrain migrate toward the ventral midline and project into the contralateral cerebellum. The absence of the axon guidance receptor Robo3 results in migration delay and opposite direction of migration in the absence of axon guidance.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luz Garcia-Alonso, Valentina Lorenzi, Cecilia Icoresi Mazzeo, Joao Pedro Alves-Lopes, Kenny Roberts, Carmen Sancho-Serra, Justin Engelbert, Magda Mareckova, Wolfram H. Gruhn, Rachel A. Botting, Tong Li, Berta Crespo, Stijn van Dongen, Vladimir Yu Kiselev, Elena Prigmore, Mary Herbert, Ashley Moffett, Alain Chedotal, Omer Ali Bayraktar, Azim Surani, Muzlifah Haniffa, Roser Vento-Tormo
Summary: The study generated a comprehensive map of human and mouse gonadal differentiation using single-cell and spatial transcriptomics, chromatin accessibility assays, and fluorescent microscopy. It identified human-specific regulatory programs and resolved the cellular and molecular events in gonadal development, providing guidance for in vitro gonadogenesis.
Article
Neurosciences
Laura Cutando, Emma Puighermanal, Laia Castell, Pauline Tarot, Morgane Belle, Federica Bertaso, Margarita Arango-Lievano, Fabrice Ango, Marcelo Rubinstein, Albert Quintana, Alain Chedotal, Manuel Mameli, Emmanuel Valjent
Summary: The study demonstrates that the dopamine D2 receptors in cerebellar Purkinje cells play a role in regulating synaptic efficacy and are involved in social behaviors, without affecting motor functions.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Marie Darche, Anna Verschueren, Morgane Belle, Leyna Boucherit, Stephane Fouquet, Jose Alain Sahel, Alain Chedotal, Ilaria Cascone, Michel Paques
Summary: The ocular vasculature plays a critical role in blinding diseases and is a popular research model for angiogenesis. Traditional histological procedures limit the comprehensive study of microvascular remodeling. However, a new technique using light-sheet fluorescence microscopy and cleared mouse eyes allows for 3D visualization and quantification of ocular vascular networks.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alain Chedotal
Summary: The GPC3-Unc5 protein complex is found to regulate cell migration in embryos and cancer, indicating a similarity in the migration mechanisms of developing neurons and metastatic cancer cells.
Review
Neurosciences
Yiling Xia, Ke Cui, Antonia Alonso, Elijah D. D. Lowenstein, Luis R. R. Hernandez-Miranda
Summary: Breathing is a complex unconscious motor behavior driven by the brainstem. It is adaptable to the physiological demands of the organism. Research has revealed the developmental origins of respiratory neurons, their transcriptional regulation, and the impact of genetic disturbances on hypoventilation disorders in humans.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Sylvie Picker-Minh, Ilaria Luperi, Ethiraj Ravindran, Nadine Kraemer, Sami Zaqout, Gisela Stoltenburg-Didinger, Olaf Ninnemann, Luis R. Hernandez-Miranda, Shyamala Mani, Angela M. Kaindl
Summary: Homozygous variants in the PTRH2 gene cause infantile-onset multisystem neurologic, endocrine, and pancreatic disease. In mouse models, the loss of PTRH2 leads to cerebellar atrophy and functional deficits. It is found that PCs in the mice have reduced cell size and density, stunted dendrites, and lower levels of ribosomal protein S6.
