Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Christine Nash, Keren Powell, Daniel G. Lynch, Jed A. Hartings, Chunyan Li
Summary: This review summarizes nonpharmacological techniques for modulating cortical spreading depolarization (CSD), presents their mechanisms of action, and provides insight into future directions. Both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions can mitigate the pathological impact of CSDs via shared molecular mechanisms, and nonpharmacologic interventions can also target unique mechanisms, which may have broader effects.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Chiho Kudo, Andrea M. Harriott, Michael A. Moskowitz, Christian Waeber, Cenk Ayata
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of sex, gonadectomy, and female hormone supplementation and withdrawal on the susceptibility to cortical spreading depression (CSD). The results showed that female rats had a higher CSD frequency than males and ovariectomized rats. Estrogen withdrawal after prolonged treatment significantly increased CSD susceptibility in gonadectomized females. These findings have implications for estrogen-withdrawal migraine.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiromu Monai, Shinnosuke Koketsu, Yoshiaki Shinohara, Takatoshi Ueki, Peter Kusk, Natalie L. Hauglund, Andrew J. Samson, Maiken Nedergaard, Hajime Hirase
Summary: The use of AdR antagonists has been shown to decrease the recurrence of CSD waves, accelerate neural activity recovery, and reduce aberrant activity in astrocytes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marina Vitale, Angelita Tottene, Maral Zarin Zadeh, K. C. Brennan, Daniela Pietrobon
Summary: This study investigated the mechanisms of cortical spreading depression (CSD) initiation by applying high KCl puffs in mouse cerebral cortex slices. The results showed that the initiation of CSD requires the combined action of NMDARs and Ca-V channels, and is not determined by extracellular K+ concentration or neuronal depolarization levels.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Hanzhi T. Zhao, Mary Claire Tuohy, Daniel Chow, Mariel G. Kozberg, Sharon H. Kim, Mohammed A. Shaik, Elizabeth M. C. Hillman
Summary: Research has found that in acute brain injuries, CSD can cause vasoconstriction and ischemia, with its effects worsening with repeated CSD occurrences. This feedback loop may explain the variable but potentially devastating effects of CSD in the context of acute brain injury.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Xiaoxi Fu, Ming Chen, Jinling Lu, Pengcheng Li
Summary: This study investigated the neuronal activity of the mouse thalamus ventral posteromedial nucleus (VPM) during cortical spreading depression (CSD). The results showed that CSD induced propagating activation of the ipsilateral VPM, and the response might be affected by the location of CSD induction and anesthesia.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Ejay Nsugbe
Summary: Migraine with aura (MwA) is a common condition that affects around 30% of migraine patients. Initially considered a neurological disease, it was discovered that it is accompanied by cortical spreading depression (CSD) through electrophysiological waves. Mathematical models play a crucial role in understanding the dynamic relationship between MwA and CSD. Various biophysical mechanisms, such as ion diffusion, ionic currents, osmosis, and neurotransmission, are believed to contribute to the condition. Electrophysiological data, including EEG and fMRI, have been used to study MwA. The review emphasizes the need for further research on enhancing existing models, considering individual variability, sex and hormonal factors, and different age groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Carolina B. D'Andrea, Scott Marek, Andrew N. Van, Ryland L. Miller, Eric A. Earl, Stephanie B. Stewart, Nico U. F. Dosenbach, Bradley L. Schlaggar, Timothy O. Laumann, Damien A. Fair, Evan M. Gordon, Deanna J. Greene
Summary: This study used functional connectivity MRI to investigate the development of visual pathways in children and adults. The results showed that children have stronger functional connectivity between the brainstem motor area and the facial somatosensory cortical network compared to adults. Additionally, children's thalamus showed more integration with multiple networks, while there were no developmental differences in cerebellar connectivity.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Elena Gerasimova, Gulshat Burkhanova, Kseniya Chernova, Andrey Zakharov, Daniel Enikeev, Nail Khaertdinov, Rashid Giniatullin, Guzel Sitdikova
Summary: Experimental results show that rats with genetically acquired hyperhomocysteinemia display multiple features associated with migraine, such as increased cortical excitability, mechanical allodynia, photophobia, and anxiety. This provides the first experimental evidence for the higher occurrence of migraine with aura in patients with hyperhomocysteinemia.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Oana Chever, Sarah Zerimech, Paolo Scalmani, Louisiane Lemaire, Lara Pizzamiglio, Alexandre Loucif, Marion Ayrault, Martin Krupa, Mathieu Desroches, Fabrice Duprat, Isabelle Lena, Sandrine Cestele, Massimo Mantegazza
Summary: Spreading depolarizations (SDs) are involved in various neurological conditions, with GABAergic interneurons playing a key role in the initiation of cortical spreading depression (CSD). The study found that hyperactivity of GABAergic interneurons can ignite CSD in the neocortex without the need for GABA or glutamatergic synaptic transmission. This neocortex-specific mechanism of CSD initiation is relevant to familial hemiplegic migraine type-3 (FHM3) caused by gain-of-function mutations of Na(V)1.1.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Oreste Affatato, Gull Rukh, Helgi Birgir Schioth, Jessica Mwinyi
Summary: This study found that individuals with migraine have larger gray matter volumes in several cerebellar sub-regions, supporting the hypothesis that the cerebellum plays a role in the pathophysiology of migraine.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Cedric Gollion, Fleur Lerebours, Federico Nemmi, Germain Arribarat, Fabrice Bonneville, Vincent Larrue, Patrice Peran
Summary: This study found a functional connectivity between the insula subregions and vermis VI in patients with migraine with aura during the resting state. This connectivity may reflect the cardiovascular features of migraine with aura.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chisato Iba, Miyuki Unekawa, Yoshikane Izawa, Jin Nakahara, Tsubasa Takizawa
Summary: The study found that chronic treatment with Goreisan does not affect cortical spreading depolarization (CSD) susceptibility in migraines. This suggests that the drug treats headaches via mechanisms that do not involve CSD modulation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lingdi Nie, Dongqing Ma, John P. Quinn, Minyan Wang
Summary: This study reveals that SFKs activity transmits P2X7 receptor signaling to facilitate CSD propagation via the glutamatergic pathway and promote neuroinflammation, which is particularly relevant to migraine.
JOURNAL OF HEADACHE AND PAIN
(2021)
Article
Biology
Vincenzo Raieli, Mariarita Capizzi, Antonio Marino, Giovanni Di Nardo, Umberto Raucci, Pasquale Parisi
Summary: Migraine is a complex neurologic disorder that affects multiple systems of the central nervous system. Keeping an aura diary can help in diagnosing and preventing under-diagnosis of rare migraine manifestations. Complex migraine manifestations require a thorough diagnostic work-up to exclude dangerous neurologic pathologies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nouchine Hadjikhani, Martyna Galazka, Tal Kenet, Robert Joseph, Jakob Asberg Johnels
Summary: Many high functioning autistic individuals face challenges in daily living skills and have poor outcomes in employment, relationships, and quality of life. The difference between non-verbal intelligence and emotional processing in autism is significant, and this gap is related to self-perceived emotional/social difficulties.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
C. Tsagkas, A. Horvath-Huck, T. Haas, M. Amann, A. Todea, A. Altermatt, J. Mueller, A. Cagol, M. Leimbacher, M. Barakovic, M. Weigel, S. Pezold, T. Sprenger, L. Kappos, O. Bieri, C. Granziera, P. Cattin, K. Parmar
Summary: This study proposes a novel automatic segmentation method for spinal cord compartments in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and compares it with manual segmentation. The results demonstrate that the automatic method shows higher reproducibility and accuracy compared to manual segmentation, and reveal that patients with MS have reduced areas in specific spinal cord tissue compartments.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Riccardo Galbusera, Erik Bahn, Matthias Weigel, Sabine Schaedelin, Jonas Franz, Po-Jui Lu, Muhamed Barakovic, Lester Melie-Garcia, Peter Dechent, Antoine Lutti, Pascal Sati, Daniel S. Reich, Govind Nair, Wolfgang Brueck, Ludwig Kappos, Christine Stadelmann, Cristina Granziera
Summary: Quantitative MRI (qMRI) is used to explore the microstructural properties of the central nervous system (CNS) by measuring the biophysical characteristics of tissue. This study aimed to identify qMRI measures that can distinguish different histological lesion types in postmortem multiple sclerosis (MS) brains, particularly remyelinated lesions. The study also investigated the relationship between these qMRI measures and quantitative histological markers of myelin, axons, and astrocytes. The results demonstrate the potential of qMRI in differentiating MS lesions and provide insights into the associations between qMRI measures and specific tissue components.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Alexandra Ramona Todea, Lester Melie-Garcia, Muhamed Barakovic, Alessandro Cagol, Reza Rahmanzadeh, Riccardo Galbusera, Po-Jui Lu, Matthias Weigel, Esther Ruberte, Ernst-Wilhelm Radue, Sabine Schaedelin, Pascal Benkert, Yaldizli Oezguer, Tim Sinnecker, Stefanie Mueller, Lutz Achtnichts, Jochen Vehoff, Giulio Disanto, Oliver Findling, Andrew Chan, Anke Salmen, Caroline Pot, Patrice Lalive, Claire Bridel, Chiara Zecca, Tobias Derfuss, Luca Remonda, Franca Wagner, Maria Vargas, Renaud Du Pasquier, Emanuele Pravata, Johannes Weber, Claudio Gobbi, David Leppert, Jens Wuerfel, Tobias Kober, Benedicte Marechal, Ricardo Corredor-Jerez, Marios Psychogios, Johanna Lieb, Ludwig Kappos, Meritxell Bach Cuadra, Jens Kuhle, Cristina Granziera
Summary: This study evaluated the accuracy of LeMan-PV software for detecting new and enlarged white matter lesions in multiple sclerosis patients. The results showed that LeMan-PV had similar sensitivity in detecting new lesions compared to other recent studies using neural networks. Although its performance is not optimal, the main advantage of LeMan-PV is that it provides automated clinical decision support integrated into the routine radiological workflow.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alessandro Cagol, Nuria Cerda Fuertes, Marc Stoessel, Muhamed Barakovic, Sabine Schaedelin, Marcus D'Souza, Jens Wurfel, Alexander U. Brandt, Ludwig Kappos, Till Sprenger, Yvonne Naegelin, Jens Kuhle, Cristina Granziera, Athina Papadopoulou
Summary: This study investigated the associations among OCT changes, MRI measurements of brain volume loss, and physical and cognitive impairment in patients with multiple sclerosis. The results showed that OCT measures of pRNFL and GCIPL were associated with volumes of gray matter structures, and inversely correlated with T2-lesion volume. These findings highlight the value of OCT as markers of neurodegeneration and disability in multiple sclerosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Charidimos Tsagkas, Antal Huck-Horvath, Alessandro Cagol, Tanja Haas, Muhamed Barakovic, Michael Amann, Esther Ruberte, Lester Melie-Garcia, Matthias Weigel, Simon Pezold, Regina Schlaeger, Jens Kuhle, Till Sprenger, Ludwig Kappos, Oliver Bieri, Philippe Cattin, Cristina Granziera, Katrin Parmar
Summary: Spinal cord atrophy of the cervical anterior horn is clinically relevant in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, particularly in progressive MS (PMS) patients and at the level of cervical SC enlargement.
MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS JOURNAL
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Jannis Muller, Samantha Noteboom, Cristina Granziera, Menno M. Schoonheim
Article
Psychology
Max Thorsson, Martyna A. Galazka, Jakob Asberg Johnels, Nouchine Hadjikhani
Summary: Quantification of face-to-face interaction can provide relevant information in cognitive and psychological science research. Current glint-dependent solutions have limitations such as data loss and the inconvenience of wearables. We propose a novel eye-tracking solution using a dual-camera system and deep learning to overcome these limitations. Our data demonstrate accurate gaze classification and capture of subtle differences in interpersonal gaze synchrony during face-to-face interaction.
ATTENTION PERCEPTION & PSYCHOPHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Jose Damas, Katharine E. A. Darling, Phanie Bidlingmeyer, Isaure Nadin-Deblue, Melanie Bieler, Lidia Vollino, Arseny A. Sokolov, Alexandre Berney, Giorgio Maccaferri, Paraskevas Filippidis, Benjamin Viala, Cristina Granziera, Vincent Dunet, Renaud Du Pasquier, Matthias Cavassini
Summary: We developed a neuro-HIV clinic that can evaluate neurocognitive complaints in PLWH within 8 hours using a multidisciplinary approach. The study found that HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment is not common, but non-HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment is prevalent, with depression being common among all participants. Through MRI and lumbar puncture for diagnosis, as well as multidisciplinary evaluation and discussion, we can better diagnose and manage neuro issues in PLWH.
Article
Neurosciences
A. L. Wenger, Muhamed Barakovic, Sara Bosticardo, Sabine Schaedelin, Alessandro Daducci, Simona Schiavi, Matthias Weigel, Reza Rahmanzadeh, Po-Jui Lu, Alessandro Cagol, Ludwig Kappos, Jens Kuhle, Pasquale Calabrese, Cristina Granziera
Summary: The presence of focal cortical and white matter damage in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) might lead to specific alterations in brain networks that are associated with cognitive impairment. We applied microstructure-weighted connectomes to investigate the relationship between global network metrics and information processing speed in pwMS, and whether the disruption provoked by focal lesions on global network metrics is associated to patients' information processing speed.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Nouchine Hadjikhani, Jakob Asberg Johnels
Summary: An interesting phenomenon in the primate face detection system is the perception of illusory faces in objects, known as pareidolia. In autistic individuals, pareidolic objects increase amygdala activation and engage the face-processing cortical network significantly more compared to non-autistic individuals. This suggests an oversensitive subcortical face processing system in autism, possibly due to early imbalances in the excitatory and inhibitory systems.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jannis Muller, Sabine Schadelin, Johannes Lorscheider, Pascal Benkert, Peter Hanni, Jurg Schmid, Jens Kuhle, Tobias Derfuss, Cristina Granziera, Ozgur Yaldizli
Summary: This study compared the effectiveness of dimethyl fumarate (DMF) and teriflunomide in a real-world setting and found that DMF treatment was associated with better clinical outcomes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ahmed Abdelhak, Franziska Petermeier, Pascal Benkert, Sabine Schadelin, Johanna Oechtering, Aleksandra Maleska Maceski, Michael Kabesch, Tobias Geis, Otto Laub, Georg Leipold, Claudio Gobbi, Chiara Zecca, Ari Green, Hayrettin Tumani, Eline Willemse, Heinz Wiendl, Cristina Granziera, Ludwig Kappos, David Leppert, Emmanuelle Waubant, Sven Wellmann, Jens Kuhle
Summary: This study establishes an age-adjusted sNfL reference range database for healthy children and adolescents, and validates its clinical applicability in pediatric patients with neurological conditions. The use of sNfL Z score is associated with higher effect size metrics and allows for more accurate estimation of ongoing neuroaxonal damage in individual patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvao Ribeiro Gomes, Laila Kulsvehagen, Patrick Lipps, Alessandro Cagol, Nuria Cerda-Fuertes, Tradite Neziraj, Julia Flammer, Jasmine Lerner, Anne-Catherine Lecourt, Nina de Oliveira S. Siebenborn, Rosa Cortese, Sabine Schaedelin, Vinicius Andreoli Schoeps, Aline de Moura Brasil Matos, Natalia Trombini Mendes, Clarissa dos Reis Pereira, Mario Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro, Samira Luisa dos Apostolos-Pereira, Patrick Schindler, Claudia Chien, Carolin Schwake, Ruth Schneider, Thivya Pakeerathan, Orhan Aktas, Urs Fischer, Matthias Mehling, Tobias Derfuss, Ludwig Kappos, Ilya Ayzenberg, Marius Ringelstein, Friedemann Paul, Dagoberto Callegaro, Jens Kuhle, Athina Papadopoulou, Cristina Granziera, Anne-Katrin Probstel
Summary: This study found that MOG-specific IgA was present in a subgroup of patients with seronegative demyelinating CNS disease, indicating that it may be a novel diagnostic biomarker.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ana Beatriz Ayroza Galvao Ribeiro Gomes, Laila Kulsvehagen, Patrick Lipps, Alessandro Cagol, Nuria Cerda-Fuertes, Tradite Neziraj, Julia Flammer, Jasmine Lerner, Anne-Catherine Lecourt, Nina De Oliveira S. Siebenborn, Rosa Cortese, Sabine Schaedelin, Vinicius Andreoli Schoeps, Aline de Moura Brasil Matos, Natalia Trombini Mendes, Clarissa dos Reis Pereira, Mario Luiz Ribeiro Monteiro, Samira Luisa dos Apostolos-Pereira, Patrick Schindler, Claudia Chien, Carolin Schwake, Ruth Schneider, Thivya Pakeerathan, Orhan Aktas, Urs Fischer, Matthias Mehling, Tobias Derfuss, Ludwig Kappos, Ilya Ayzenberg, Marius Ringelstein, Friedemann Paul, Dagoberto Callegaro, Jens Kuhle, Athina Papadopoulou, Cristina Granziera, Anne-Katrin Probstel
Summary: This study investigated the frequency and clinical features of IgA antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in patients with seronegative demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) disease. The results showed that MOG-specific IgA was identified in a subgroup of patients who were double-seronegative for aquaporin 4-/MOG-IgG, suggesting that MOG-IgA may be a novel diagnostic biomarker for patients with CNS demyelination.
