Article
Neurosciences
Jingyun Zhang, Khoa Tran-Anh, Tatsumi Hirata, Izumi Sugihara
Summary: The heterogeneity of Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex is related to their birthdate and contributes to the organization of longitudinally-striped compartments. Using Neurog2-CreER mice, researchers mapped the birthdate-specific distribution of Purkinje cells and found that the distribution pattern correlated with zebrin stripes in most lobules. The results suggest that the birthdate of a Purkinje cell plays a role in determining its location within the zebrin compartment, with differences observed in various regions of the cerebellum.
Article
Neurosciences
Richard Nana Abankwah Owusu-Mensah, Gideon Anokye Sarpong, Izumi Sugihara
Summary: This study investigates the topographic connections between subareas of the inferior olive, cerebellar cortex, and cerebellar nuclei. The results indicate that the cerebellar modules have lobule-related subdivisions and crus I is distinct from other lobules, potentially being more involved in nonmotor functions.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Michael Longley, John Ballard, Maria Andres-Alonso, Rebecca Constance Varatharajah, Hadleigh Cuthbert, Christopher H. Yeo
Summary: The geometry of glutamatergic mossy-parallel fibre and climbing fibre inputs to cerebellar cortical Purkinje cells plays a significant role in understanding cerebellar functions. Serotonergic and noradrenergic afferent systems show anisotropy in the molecular layer of the rat cerebellar cortex, influencing multiple zones and microzones with different trajectories. These monoaminergic systems may not supply a global signal to all targets in the cerebellum, suggesting specific information processing mechanisms within the cerebellar cortex.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nguyen-Minh Viet, Tianzhuo Wang, Khoa Tran-Anh, Izumi Sugihara
Summary: This study reveals that different types of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum have distinct physiological properties, which are associated with their functional compartmentalization.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tri M. Nguyen, Logan A. Thomas, Jeff L. Rhoades, Ilaria Ricchi, Xintong Cindy Yuan, Arlo Sheridan, David G. C. Hildebrand, Jan Funke, Wade G. Regehr, Wei-Chung Allen Lee
Summary: The study reveals that the neuronal network structure of the cerebellum can increase resilience to noise by employing redundant connectivity motifs without compromising overall encoding capacity. This finding has important implications for understanding the principles of biological network architecture and designing artificial neural networks.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ehsan Sedaghat-Nejad, Jay S. Pi, Paul Hage, Mohammad Amin Fakharian, Reza Shadmehr
Summary: The ability of the brain to control movement accurately relies on the cerebellum. Recent research has found that cerebellar P cells transmit information by synchronizing their spikes and utilizing disinhibition to convey important signals for movement control.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Naveen Sendhilnathan, Anna Ipata, Michael E. Goldberg
Summary: The role of complex spikes in reinforcement learning and their interaction with simple spikes remain unclear. This study reveals that complex spikes carry multiple context-based signals independent of motor kinematics and unlikely to guide concurrent simple spike activity through an error-based mechanism. The diverse neural encoding in the cerebellum supports flexible stimulus-action-reward relationships in different contexts and learning states.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Liansheng Chang, Shahid Hussain Soomro, Hongfeng Zhang, Hui Fu
Summary: Ankfy1 protein plays a critical role in the development and maintenance of Purkinje cells in the cerebellum. Its absence leads to loss of most Purkinje cells in the cerebellum, resulting in impaired motor function.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Keisuke Inoue, Meiko Asaka, Sachiko Lee, Kinya Ishikawa, Dai Yanagihara
Summary: The study found that cerebellar stroke has adverse effects on the locomotor kinematics of mice, including gait ataxia and increased hindlimb duty ratio. These findings contribute to the evaluation of treatment options for cerebellar stroke.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Biology
Sol Pose-Mendez, Paul Schramm, Barbara Winter, Jochen C. Meier, Konstantinos Ampatzis, Reinhard W. Koester
Summary: Zebrafish are capable of regenerating neurons in the central nervous system, including Purkinje cells. The study demonstrates that when the Purkinje cells are ablated, they can quickly recover, regain their electrophysiological properties, and restore cerebellum-controlled behavior. Furthermore, the study also shows that Purkinje cell progenitors are present in both larvae and adults, and adult zebrafish are able to regenerate different types of Purkinje cells to restore behavioral impairments.
Article
Neurosciences
Dylan J. Calame, Matthew I. Becker, Abigail L. Person
Summary: This study tests a key hypothesis of cerebellar motor correction, showing that inputs to the cerebellum that drive errors during skilled movements are rapidly adjusted over trials to enhance motor accuracy. The study finds that the cerebellum may refine movement through online adjustments and use within-reach information as a predictor to adjust reach kinematics. The findings suggest that the cerebellar cortex serves as a potential link between kinematic predictors and anticipatory control.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ya-Yun Wang, Hui Liu, Shu-Jiao Li, Ban Feng, Yun-Qiang Huang, Shui-Bing Liu, Yan-Ling Yang
Summary: This study is the first to report the close relationship between UCP4 deletion and impairment of cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs), highlighting the importance of UCP4 in maintaining mitochondrial function homeostasis in bradykinesia. UCP4 may be a potential therapeutic target for cerebellar-related movement disorders.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Constantino Sotelo
Summary: Over the past 50 years, our understanding of the cerebellum has evolved significantly, from the description of extracerebellar projections' terminations by Voogd to the discovery of the biochemical heterogeneity of Purkinje cells by Hawkes and colleagues, leading to a more complex subdivision of the cerebellar cortex into precise longitudinal compartments.
Article
Cell Biology
Takayuki Michikawa, Takamasa Yoshida, Satoshi Kuroki, Takahiro Ishikawa, Shinji Kakei, Ryo Kimizuka, Atsushi Saito, Hideo Yokota, Akinobu Shimizu, Shigeyoshi Itohara, Atsushi Miyawaki
Summary: The study demonstrates that the cerebellum utilizes segment-based, distributed-population coding to represent the conditional probability of sensory events.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wendy Xueyi Wang, Julie L. Lefebvre
Summary: Understanding the diversification of neuronal circuits in the cerebellum is crucial, and this study provides novel insights by combining genetic fate-mapping, morphological profiling, and molecular labeling techniques. The authors identify diverse types of molecular layer interneurons (MLIs) that arise from a common progenitor population. They demonstrate that MLIs can be categorized into two distinct morphological types with extensive within-class heterogeneity. Moreover, they show that subtype divergence can be resolved based on axonal morphogenesis before marker gene expression. This study highlights the importance of single-cell methods in quantifying neuronal diversification and sheds light on the dissociation between morphology and transcriptomics in understanding neuronal diversity.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
