Article
Clinical Neurology
Katherine S. F. Damme, Y. Catherine Han, Ziyan Han, Paul J. Reber, Vijay A. Mittal
Summary: This preliminary study used a novel implicit motor task to assess motor accuracy, speed, recognition, and precision in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-p). The results showed that CHR-p individuals had lower motor precision compared to healthy controls, especially in early performance, but this deficit normalized over later trials. The magnitude of motor precision deficits was related to positive symptom levels.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Dieter F. Kutz, Stephanie Froehlich, Julian Rudisch, Katrin Mueller, Claudia Voelcker-Rehage
Summary: This study found an association between finger tapping and cognitive function. The results showed significant differences in parameters between groups, sex, and group x sex interaction under two tapping conditions. Linear discriminant analysis indicated that finger tapping parameters were only partially useful for early stage dementia classification. The findings were discussed in relation to the age-related degeneration of motor areas in the brain.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Laura Bindel, Christoph Muehlberg, Victoria Pfeiffer, Matthias Nitschke, Annekatrin Mueller, Mirko Wegscheider, Jost-Julian Rumpf, Kirsten E. Zeuner, Jos S. Becktepe, Julius Welzel, Miriam Guethe, Joseph Classen, Elinor Tzvi
Summary: This study found specific impairments in visuomotor adaptation task in patients with essential tremor (ET), providing further evidence of cerebellar dysfunction in ET patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kody R. R. Campbell, Laurie A. A. King, Lucy Parrington, Peter C. C. Fino, Prokopios Antonellis, Robert J. J. Peterka
Summary: Imbalance is common and persistent following mild Traumatic Brain Injury (mTBI), with mTBI subjects showing differences in balance dependence on visual cues and increased time delays and decreased motor activation. These findings suggest the importance of therapy aimed at enhancing rapid and vigorous responses to balance perturbations for rehabilitation.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
F. R. Fiocchi, S. Dijkhuizen, S. K. E. Koekkoek, C. I. De Zeeuw, H. J. Boele
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated stimulus generalization in a cerebellar learning paradigm called eyeblink conditioning. They found that mice showed a strong generalization gradient, with the probability and amplitude of conditioned eyelid responses decreasing as the tones' dissimilarity to the 10-kHz tone increased. The researchers also discovered that lower frequency tones resulted in conditioned responses that peaked earlier after tone onset compared to higher frequency tones.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Charlene Truong, Celia Ruffino, Alexandre Crognier, Christos Paizis, Lionel Crognier, Charalambos Papaxanthis
Summary: This study examines the effects of error-based and reinforcement training on the acquisition and long-term retention of free throw accuracy in basketball. The error-based group demonstrated immediate improvement in accuracy, while the reinforcement group showed improvement over time. The mixed group exhibited advantages in both acquisition and retention. These findings highlight the importance of combining error-based and reinforcement learning for efficient skill acquisition and retention.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Eric Heuer, Andrew Kazama, Jocelyne Bachevalier
Summary: This study examined the effects of neonatal lesions of the hippocampus, amygdala, and orbital frontal cortex on sensory-motor gating in rhesus monkeys. The results showed that monkeys with hippocampal lesions demonstrated normal sensory-motor gating at short prepulse intervals but exhibited prepulse facilitation at longer intervals. Monkeys with amygdala lesions displayed enhanced startle responses with minor changes in sensory-motor gating, while monkeys with orbital frontal cortex lesions showed severe dampening of startle responses and impaired sensory-motor gating at shorter prepulse intervals.
BEHAVIOURAL BRAIN RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Hitoshi Shitara, Tsuyoshi Ichinose, Daisuke Shimoyama, Tsuyoshi Sasaki, Noritaka Hamano, Masataka Kamiyama, Tsuyoshi Tajika, Atsushi Yamamoto, Tsutomu Kobayashi, Takashi Hanakawa, Yoshito Tsushima, Kenji Takagishi, Hirotaka Chikuda
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the differences in neuroplasticity related to motor control between patients with recurrent anterior shoulder instability (RSI) and healthy individuals, as well as the effects of RSI-related peripheral proprioceptive deficits on central nervous system (CNS) activity. The results showed a deficient passive proprioception in patients with RSI and a negative correlation between proprioceptive afferent activity and shoulder damage.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Moreira-de-Sa, Francisco Q. Goncalves, Joao P. Lopes, Henrique B. Silva, Angelo R. Tome, Rodrigo A. Cunha, Paula M. Canas
Summary: Research suggests that administration of A(2A) receptor antagonists can improve motor deficits in an Angelman syndrome mouse model and correct synaptic alterations in the cerebellum and striatum.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Emmanuel Matas, Alexandre Maisterrena, Mathieu Thabault, Eric Balado, Maureen Francheteau, Anais Balbous, Laurie Galvan, Mohamed Jaber
Summary: The Shank3 Delta C/Delta C mice exhibited significant impairments in social behavior, stereotyped behavior, and gait, along with decreased Purkinje cells and mGluR5 expression in the cerebellum. On the other hand, Shank3+/Delta C mice only showed impairments in social behavior and reduced mGluR5 expression to a lesser extent. The deficits were more pronounced in male mice compared to females.
Article
Neurosciences
Antonello Baldassarre, Maria Serena Filardi, Sara Spadone, Stefania Della Penna, Giorgia Committeri
Summary: The study found that rates of early and late post-training motor skill learning were positively correlated with the strength of functional connections among regions within the brain. Early learning was associated with connections within cerebellar regions, while late learning was related to connections between cortical and subcortical motor areas. This suggests that spontaneous brain activity carries behaviorally relevant information for experience-dependent cognitive operations over time.
Article
Biology
Robert A. Kozol, David M. James, Ivan Varela, Sureni H. Sumathipala, Stephan Zuchner, Julia E. Dallman
Summary: The reduced sensory responsiveness in Shank3(-/-) models is associated with decreased activity in sensory processing brain regions and can be rescued by restoring Shank3 function in the rostral brainstem. These results highlight the importance of Shank3 in the rostral brainstem for integrating sensory inputs.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ethan Schonfeld, Elan Schonfeld, Casey Aman, Navroop Gill, Dami Kim, Sydney Rabin, Bushraa Shamshuddin, Lloyd Sealey, Ricardo Gabriel Senno
Summary: Sensory and olfactory deficits tend to lateralize to the left side of the body, while motor deficits lateralize to the right side. Clinical correlates of motor lateralization include female gender, depression, MMSE<15, and diabetes, while clinical correlates of sensory lateralization include use of psychotherapeutic agent, age, MMSE<15, and male gender. Clinical correlates of olfactory lateralization include age, number of medications, and male gender.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gabriela F. Carvalho, Jan Mehnert, Hauke Basedau, Kerstin Luedtke, Arne May
Summary: Patients with migraine showed more dizziness and motion sickness during a visual simulation of self-motion through a virtual roller coaster ride, with abnormal modulation of visual motion stimuli in certain brain regions correlating with migraine disability and susceptibility to motion sickness.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Gabriela F. Carvalho, Jan Mehnert, Hauke Basedau, Kerstin Luedtke, Arne May
Summary: Patients with migraine showed higher levels of dizziness and motion sickness during a virtual roller coaster ride compared to controls, with increased neuronal activity in various brain regions correlating with migraine disability and motion sickness scores. Enhanced connectivity was found within migraine patients but not in controls.