Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wataru Aoi, Yuko Tanimura
Summary: This passage highlights the importance of muscle-derived exosomes in regulating target protein expression and activity associated with metabolism and immune function. It also discusses the altered levels of circulating exosomes and their contents in muscle disorders and metabolic-related states, suggesting their potential as biomarkers.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuta Ozaki, Koji Ohashi, Naoya Otaka, Hayato Ogawa, Hiroshi Kawanishi, Tomonobu Takikawa, Lixin Fang, Minako Tatsumi, Mikito Takefuji, Takashi Enomoto, Mohamed Darwish, Yoko Iijima, Takatoshi Iijima, Toyoaki Murohara, Noriyuki Ouchi
Summary: Neuron-derived neurotrophic factor (NDNF) prevents skeletal muscle atrophy by reducing the expression of ubiquitin E3 ligases. Injections of NDNF increase muscle weight and reverse the decrease in myotube diameter caused by DEX stimulation. Therefore, NDNF could be a potential therapeutic target for muscle atrophy.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhaolu Wang, Jinjin Yang, Xiaohui Sun, Xi Sun, Gongshe Yang, Xin'e Shi
Summary: Skeletal muscle plays a crucial role in physical activities, metabolism, and energy balance, but its homeostasis is challenged by various factors such as injury, aging, and obesity. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles, have emerged as important mediators in intercellular communication and hold great potential for treating skeletal muscle diseases. This review outlines recent research progress in exosomal isolation, characterization, mechanism of action, and highlights advancements in exosomes derived from different organs and tissues, as well as engineered exosomes, which have the ability to regulate the physiological and pathological development of skeletal muscle. These advancements enhance our understanding of muscle formation and diseases, and the utilization of engineered exosomes as nanocarriers with advanced biomolecule design methodologies offers innovative therapeutic perspectives for muscle diseases.
JOURNAL OF ZHEJIANG UNIVERSITY-SCIENCE B
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jong Hyeon Yoon, Seung-Min Lee, Younglang Lee, Min Ju Kim, Jae Won Yang, Jeong Yi Choi, Ju Yeon Kwak, Kwang-Pyo Lee, Yong Ryoul Yang, Ki -Sun Kwon
Summary: Alverine citrate (AC) has been identified as a potential therapeutic candidate for improving muscle weakness and sarcopenia by inhibiting atrophy signals and enhancing myoblast fusion. Its treatment showed positive effects on muscle mass and physical performance in aged and hindlimb-disused mice.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rianne D. W. Vaes, David P. J. van Dijk, Elham Aida Farshadi, Steven W. M. Olde Damink, Sander S. Rensen, Ramon C. Langen
Summary: The study revealed that factors derived from pancreatic tumor organoids alter the kinetics of myogenesis, potentially contributing to impaired muscle mass maintenance in cancer cachexia.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pinshi Ni, Luodan Yang, Fanghui Li
Summary: Exosomes are extracellular membrane vesicles containing RNA and proteins that play a crucial role in physiological and pathological processes. Skeletal muscle-derived exosomes (SkMCs-Exs) carry myokines, regulate receptor cells, and have effects on pathological states such as injury atrophy, aging, and vascular porosis. Exercise also regulates SkMCs-Exs and has physiological significance.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaoguang Liu, Miaomiao Xu, Yang Yu, Yingjie Chen, Xinyu Weng, Lin Zhu
Summary: PD-1 plays an important role in cisplatin-induced skeletal muscle atrophy, with PD-1 knockout exacerbating muscle wasting and influencing inflammation and oxidative stress in muscles.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yanan Ji, Ming Li, Mengyuan Chang, Ruiqi Liu, Jiayi Qiu, Kexin Wang, Chunyan Deng, Yuntian Shen, Jianwei Zhu, Wei Wang, Lingchi Xu, Hualin Sun
Summary: Various diseases can cause skeletal muscle atrophy, often accompanied by inflammation and other cellular changes. The underlying mechanisms of inflammation in muscle atrophy are complex and not completely understood. This review highlights the protein degradation pathways, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and signaling pathways involved in muscle atrophy. It also explores the effects of inflammation on the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and fat metabolism. Additionally, the paper summarizes recent advancements in anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment and prevention of muscle atrophy.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Patricia Sosa, Elena Alcalde-Estevez, Ana Asenjo-Bueno, Patricia Plaza, Natalia Carrillo-Lopez, Gemma Olmos, Susana Lopez-Ongil, Maria Piedad Ruiz-Torres
Summary: Hyperphosphatemia impairs myogenic differentiation and leads to muscle fibrosis, with studies in older mice demonstrating a close relationship between age-related hyperphosphatemia and the decrease in myogenic factors and increase in fibrotic factors.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Graziana Colaianni, Angela Oranger, Manuela Dicarlo, Roberto Lovero, Giuseppina Storlino, Patrizia Pignataro, Antonietta Fontana, Francesca Di Serio, Angelica Ingravallo, Giuseppe Caputo, Alfredo Di Leo, Michele Barone, Maria Grano
Summary: This study found that CMT patients have lower levels of irisin compared to healthy individuals. Among CMT patients, women have higher levels of irisin than men, despite men having higher skeletal muscle mass. These findings suggest that irisin may be associated with muscle mass and strength loss, as well as bone loss, in CMT patients.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Nasa Xu, Jianbo Wu, Jose L. Ortiz-Vitali, Yong Li, Radbod Darabi
Summary: Recent advancements in reprogramming somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) have allowed for the efficient derivation of skeletal myogenic progenitors from human pluripotent stem cells (ESCs/iPSCs) using a directed differentiation method without the need for gene integration or modification. This method induces mesoderm and subsequently myotomal progenitors, enabling the generation of skeletal myogenic progenitors in a short time frame with high efficiency.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aiping Lu, Ping Guo, Haiying Pan, Chieh Tseng, Krishna M. Sinha, Fan Yang, Alex Scibetta, Yan Cui, Matthieu Huard, Ling Zhong, Sudheer Ravuri, Johnny Huard
Summary: Research shows that pregnant mice demonstrate accelerated muscle healing, superior muscle regeneration, and reduced inflammation and necrosis following muscle injury. Additionally, MPCs from pregnant mice display improved myogenic differentiation capacity in vitro and muscle regeneration in vivo.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chae-Eun Yun, Hyun-Kyung So, Tuan Anh Vuong, Myung Woo Na, Subin Anh, Hyo-Keun Lee, Ki Hyun Kim, Jong-Sun Kang, Gyu-Un Bae, Sang-Jin Lee
Summary: Black chokeberry extract (AR) promotes myogenic differentiation and multinucleated myotube formation through Akt activation, and protects against dexamethasone-induced myotube atrophy. AR treatment enhances muscle mass, strength, and metabolism in mice without cardiac hypertrophy, suggesting its potential as a nutraceutical remedy for muscle weakness and atrophy.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Shufang Cai, Bin Hu, Xiaoyu Wang, Tongni Liu, Zhuhu Lin, Xian Tong, Rong Xu, Meilin Chen, Tianqi Duo, Qi Zhu, Ziyun Liang, Enru Li, Yaosheng Chen, Jianhao Li, Xiaohong Liu, Delin Mo
Summary: In this study, the molecular and cellular dynamics of pig embryonic myogenesis were studied through single-cell resolution analysis of gene expression and chromatin accessibility. The differentiation trajectory of pig skeletal muscle development was identified, and critical regulators such as EGR1 and RHOB were identified through integrative analysis.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Sumika Osa, Yuki Enoki, Taichi Miyajima, Masahiro Akiyama, Yukio Fujiwara, Kazuaki Taguchi, Yun-Gi Kim, Kazuaki Matsumoto
Summary: This study verified the association between skeletal muscle atrophy induced by sciatic denervation (DN) and poor prognosis after CLP-induced sepsis. The results showed that the DN group had a lower survival rate, higher bacterial count in the blood, and increased kidney damage markers in comparison to the sham group. Additionally, skeletal muscle atrophy led to alterations in cytokine levels and the accumulation of nitrative stress.