Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Biao Qiu, Doreen Matthies, Eva Fortea, Zhiheng Yu, Olga Boudker
Summary: The study reveals the structure and operation mechanism of hEAAT3, suggesting it operates by an elevator mechanism involving three functionally independent subunits. The substrate-binding site near the cytoplasm has remarkably low affinity for the substrate, facilitating rapid substrate release and transport turnover. The mechanism of coupled uptake of sodium ions and substrate is conserved across evolutionarily distant families, augmented by coupling to protons in EAATs, and a mechanism involving a conserved glutamate residue mediates proton symport.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Bing Leng, Hairong Sun, Mengfan Li, Junwu Zhao, Xiaoxiao Liu, Ran Yao, Tengqun Shen, Zhenguang Li, Jinbiao Zhang
Summary: This study found that Parkinson's disease (PD) patients with rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) experience a greater decline in cognitive function. Blood neuroexosomal EAAT-2 levels are associated with cognitive decline in PD patients with RBD.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Sanjay Das, Artem V. Trubnikov, Anton M. Novoselov, Alexander V. Kurkin, Joris Beld, Andrea Altieri, Sandhya Kortagere
Summary: Excitotoxicity in the brain is a causal factor in neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. The design and optimization of GTS467 and GTS511, activators of EAAT2 with low nanomolar efficacy, show potential for treating excitotoxicity-induced neurological disorders.
ACS MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Kusumika Saha, Jae-Won Yang, Tina Hofmaier, SanthoshKannan Venkatesan, Thomas Steinkellner, Oliver Kudlacek, Sonja Sucic, Michael Freissmuth, Harald H. Sitte
Summary: This study identified the involvement of ARFGAP1 and ARF6 in the endocytosis of EAAT3, with ARFGAP1 utilizing its GAP activity and F508 to promote recycling of EAAT3. Additionally, a motif in the C-terminus of EAAT3 was found to regulate its endocytosis. These findings suggest a multifactorial regulation of EAAT3 endocytosis by ARFGAP1, highlighting the importance of the C-terminus in this process.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zi Wen, Guang Xia, Chi Liang, Xinxing Wang, Junjie Huang, Lina Zhang, Dongyong Shan, Song Wu, Xu Cao
Summary: This study explored the mechanism of ferroptosis resistance in senescent chondrocytes and found that hyperactivation of ferroptosis metabolism was a prominent feature in these cells. However, senescent chondrocytes were able to survive and resist ferroptosis-induced cell death due to overexpression of the membrane protein EAAT1, which increased intracellular Glu levels and activated the glutathione system.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Qianyi Wu, Azman Akhter, Shashank Pant, Eunjoo Cho, Jin Xin Zhu, Alastair Garner, Tomoko Ohyama, Emad Tajkhorshid, Donald J. van Meyel, Renae M. Ryan
Summary: Glutamate is a crucial neurotransmitter in the mammalian CNS and its transport and regulation play a crucial role in maintaining proper CNS function. This study investigates the effects of specific mutations of the EAAT1 gene on CNS function and highlights the importance of ion channel and Cl- homeostasis in glia cells for the pathology of episodic ataxia type 6 (EA6). The study also identifies a novel mechanism involving ectopic Na+ leak conductance in glial cells.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shashank Pant, Qianyi Wu, Renae Ryan, Emad Tajkhorshid
Summary: EAATs, belonging to the SLC1A family of glutamate transporters, have been shown to activate chloride ion channels during transport. Molecular dynamics simulations in hEAAT1 reveal a chloride-conducting conformation, shedding light on the dual functionality of active transport and passive chloride permeation in human neurotransmitter transporters, a mechanism common across the SLC1A family.
ACS CHEMICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Samara J. Brown, Amelia M. Brown, Tertia D. Purves-Tyson, Xu-Feng Huang, Kelly A. Newell, Cynthia Shannon Weickert
Summary: This study suggests that alterations in the kynurenine pathway may contribute to the development of depression. The increased gene expression of enzymes in the kynurenine pathway indicates an activation of the kynurenic acid arm, possibly related to astrocyte response in depression. These findings point to dysfunction of the kynurenine pathway and its potential role in glutamate dysfunction in depression.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Santosh K. Panda, Do-Hyun Kim, Pritesh Desai, Patrick F. Rodrigues, Raki Sudan, Susan Gilfillan, Marina Cella, Steven J. Van Dyken, Marco Colonna
Summary: ILC2 cells selectively express the Slc7a8 gene, which plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular fitness and activation. Lack of Slc7a8 leads to reduced amino acid availability, affecting energy metabolism and signaling pathway activation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Louise Adermark, Oona Lagstrom, Anna Loften, Valentina Licheri, Amy Havenang, Eleonora Anna Loi, Rosita Stomberg, Bo Soderpalm, Ana Domi, Mia Ericson
Summary: Astrocytes in the striatum modulate neurotransmission by impacting neuronal excitability, with the involvement of dopamine. This modulation is demonstrated through metabolic uncoupling, chemogenetic inhibition, and inhibition of glial glutamate transporters, ultimately leading to a reduction in transmitter release probability and synaptic depression.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Satoshi Nozaki, Yuka Nakatani, Aya Mawatari, William Ewan Hume, Hisashi Doi, Yasuyoshi Watanabe
Summary: F-18-FIMP, a promising PET probe, has affinity not only for LAT1 but also for ATB(0,+). This study provides insights into the whole-body distribution and tumor accumulation mechanisms of F-18-FIMP.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Hui Shu, Jie Zhang, Dawei Cheng, Xiaorui Zhao, Yue Ma, Chi Zhang, Yong Zhang, Zhihao Jia, Zhiwei Liu
Summary: Brown adipocytes primarily use glucose and fatty acids for energy production and thermogenesis, and also utilize other substrates like amino acids in various conditions. Research has shown that the proton-coupled amino acid transporters SLC36A2 and SLC36A3 have important roles in global energy metabolism. Scoring: 8/10.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Johanna Huttunen, Thales Kronenberger, Ahmed B. Montaser, Adela Kralova, Tetsuya Terasaki, Antti Poso, Kristiina M. Huttunen
Summary: This study explored the interactions between L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1)-utilizing prodrugs and sodium-coupled neutral amino acid transporter 2 (SNAT2). It was found that the cellular uptake of LAT1-utilizing prodrugs in MCF-7 cells was mediated by SNATs, which increased at higher pH, decreased in the absence of sodium, and was inhibited by a SNAT-inhibitor. Docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and analysis confirmed the chemical features supporting the interactions of the studied compounds with SNAT2.
MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Marianne Maugard, Pierre-Antoine Vigneron, Juan P. Bolanos, Gilles Bonvento
Summary: Brain energy metabolism involves the intricate relationship between neurons and glial cells, with a specific metabolic pathway connecting glial metabolism to synaptic activity and plasticity through L-serine biosynthesis. Modulating astrocyte-mediated L-serine homeostasis may offer novel therapeutic approaches for brain disorders.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Miku Sato, Narumi Harada-Shoji, Takafumi Toyohara, Tomoyoshi Soga, Masatoshi Itoh, Minoru Miyashita, Hiroshi Tada, Masakazu Amari, Naohiko Anzai, Shozo Furumoto, Takaaki Abe, Takashi Suzuki, Takanori Ishida, Hironobu Sasano
Summary: The study found that L-type amino acid transporter-1 (LAT1) plays an important role in therapeutic resistance and clinical outcomes of breast cancer. Glucose and amino acid metabolism were closely related, and in vitro experiments showed that LAT1 promoted amino acid uptake for energy production. Oncometabolites and branched-chain amino acids were also key players in energy production and drug resistance in chemotherapeutic-treated MCF-7 cells.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ioana Alesutan, Jakob Voelkl, Florian Stoeckigt, Sobuj Mia, Martina Feger, Uwe Primessnig, Mentor Sopjani, Carlos Munoz, Oliver Borst, Meinrad Gawaz, Burkert Pieske, Bernhard Metzler, Frank Heinzel, Jan Wilko Schrickel, Florian Lang
CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2015)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
M. Sopjani, M. Rinnerthaler, J. Kruja, M. Dermaku-Sopjani
CURRENT MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2015)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mentor Sopjani, Vjollca Konjufca, Mark Rinnerthaler, Rexhep Rexhepaj, Miribane Dermaku-Sopjani
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2016)
Article
Oncology
Simon Auer, Mark Rinnerthaler, Johannes Bischof, Maria Karolin Streubel, Hannelore Breitenbach-Koller, Roland Geisberger, Elmar Aigner, Janne Cadamuro, Klaus Richter, Mentor Sopjani, Elisabeth Haschke-Becher, Thomas Klaus Felder, Michael Breitenbach
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2017)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mentor Sopjani, Lulzim Millaku, Dashnor Nebija, Merita Emini, Arleta Rifati-Nixha, Miribane Dermaku-Sopjani
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2019)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Berat Krasniqi, Shpetim Thaci, Miribane Dermaku-Sopjani, Arleta Rifati-Nixha, Sokol Abazi, Mentor Sopjani
EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
(2020)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Miribane Dermaku-Sopjani, Mentor Sopjani
Summary: COVID-19 is a new public health crisis caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus originating from bats and spreading to humans through intermediary animals in China. The virus has resulted in over 43.4 million confirmed cases and approximately 1.16 million deaths worldwide, posing a serious threat to global public health. The disease is transmitted through inhalation or direct contact, with an incubation period of 1 to 14 days and symptoms including cough and fatigue, potentially leading to multi-organ dysfunction in severe cases.
CURRENT MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miribane Dermaku-Sopjani, Mentor Sopjani
Summary: ACE2 and ACE share some homologies, but they are inhibited by different inhibitors. ACE2 metabolizes Ang II into vasodilatory Ang-(1-7). COVID-19 Pandemic highlights the importance of ACE2, and the differences in ACE2 among patients may lead to different responses to the virus.
CURRENT PROTEIN & PEPTIDE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Psychiatry
Jana Sophia Krueckl, Julian Moeller, Rainer Gaupp, Christoph E. Meier, Carl Benedict Roth, Undine Emmi Lang, Christian G. Huber
Summary: This study evaluated the potential and adoption of home office use, as well as its association with employees' mental health in a large psychiatric university hospital in Switzerland during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results showed that while home office implementation appeared feasible for large psychiatric hospitals, it was not equally feasible for all professional groups, especially those requiring personal contact with patients or technical/manual tasks.
JMIR MENTAL HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Shpetim Thaci, Berat Krasniqi, Miribane Dermaku-Sopjani, Arleta Rifati-Nixha, Sokol Abazi, Mentor Sopjani
Summary: This study describes the relaxing effects of Vitex agnus-castus extract on isolated rabbit arterial rings. The extract demonstrated calcium channel blocking activities and its vasodilator effect was mainly endothelium-dependent and mediated by NO/cGMP and prostaglandins synthesis. These findings suggest that Vitex agnus-castus extract may have potential therapeutic benefits for cardiovascular disorders.
EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Faton Sermaxhaj, Besim Latifaj, Besim Sermaxhaj, Mentor Sopjani
Summary: We present a case of malignant melanoma in the middle ear in a 63-year-old woman with severe pain, tinnitus, photophobia, and hemorrhagic discharge from the right ear. After conservative treatment, a metastatic lymph node was found in the neck, and further examination confirmed melanoma. Surgery revealed a tumoral lesion in the middle ear with bone infiltration, and the patient responded well to Nivolumab treatment.
ENT-EAR NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Tiziana Ziltener, Julian Moeller, Roselind Lieb, Undine E. Lang, Christian G. Huber
Summary: Balancing the economic costs of mental illness is a global challenge, and therapeutic leaves may be a tool to improve therapy outcomes and lower long-term mental healthcare costs. Our study found that therapeutic leaves were associated with lower healthcare costs following inpatient stays, suggesting that their use may help reduce overall healthcare costs.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Markus Gerber, Robyn Cody, Johannes Beck, Serge Brand, Lars Donath, Anne Eckert, Oliver Faude, Martin Hatzinger, Christian Imboden, Jan-Niklas Kreppke, Undine E. Lang, Sarah Mans, Thorsten Mikoteit, Anja Oswald, Nina Schweinfurth-Keck, Lukas Zahner, Sebastian Ludyga
Summary: This study examined the differences in sustained attention and inhibitory control between patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and healthy controls, as well as differences between patients with mild, moderate, and severe depression. The results showed that patients with MDD had slower reaction times in both attention and inhibitory control tasks, and younger participants had shorter reaction times. These findings suggest deficits in information processing and higher-order cognitive processes in MDD patients, which may impact in-patient treatment and contribute to the recurrent nature of depression.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mentor Sopjani, Shpetim Thaci, Berat Krasniqi, Miranda Selmonaj, Mark Rinnerthaler, Miribane Dermaku-Sopjani
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2017)
Article
Cell Biology
Johannes Bischof, Manuel Salzmann, Maria Karolin Streubel, Jiri Hasek, Florian Geltinger, Jutta Duschl, Nikolaus Bresgen, Peter Briza, Danusa Haskova, Renata Lejskovas, Mentor Sopjani, Klaus Richter, Mark Rinnerthaler
CELL DEATH DISCOVERY
(2017)