Review
Immunology
Paul Stewart, Shivani Patel, Andrew Comer, Shafi Muneer, Uzma Nawaz, Violet Quann, Mira Bansal, Vishwanath Venketaraman
Summary: Historically, research on the immunologic response to M. tb infection has mainly focused on T cells and macrophages, disregarding the role of B cells. However, recent studies have shown that B cells play varying roles during different stages of mycobacterial infection. A better understanding of the role of B cells in defense against TB could contribute to the development of effective vaccines and therapies to reduce the burden of disease.
Article
Immunology
Qianqian Liu, Chong Yu, Juan Cheng, Yingkui Jiang, Yuzhen Xu, Yuanyuan Liu, Weimin Jiang, Wenhong Zhang, Yan Gao, Lingyun Shao
Summary: A case-control study investigated antigen-specific membrane-bound IL-22+T cell subsets in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) coinfection of HIV-1 infected individuals. Results showed a high rate of latent M.tb infection among HIV-1 positive population in Eastern China, and an increase of PPD and HMBPP-specific membrane-bound IL-22+T cell subsets in HIV+TB+group compared to HIV+LTB group. This suggests a potential role of antigen-specific membrane-bound IL-22+T cells in anti-TB immune response during HIV-1 coinfection.
JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andre G. Loxton, Ilana C. van Rensburg
Summary: Tuberculosis is a major health crisis, with patients ranging from latent infection to active disease. B-cells play a significant role in TB by expressing regulatory functions, including FasL.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Kingston H. G. Mills
Summary: IL-17 cytokines have both protective and pathological functions in the context of infection and autoimmunity. They promote protective immunity against pathogens but can also drive inflammatory pathology. Dysregulated IL-17 responses can contribute to immunopathology, and IL-17 is implicated in various inflammatory diseases.
NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Paul Ogongo, Liku B. Tezera, Amanda Ardain, Shepherd Nhamoyebonde, Duran Ramsuran, Alveera Singh, Abigail Ng'oepe, Farina Karim, Taryn Naidoo, Khadija Khan, Kaylesh J. Dullabh, Michael Fehlings, Boon Heng Lee, Alessandra Nardin, Cecilia S. Lindestam Arlehamn, Alessandro Sette, Samuel M. Behar, Adrie J. C. Steyn, Rajhmun Madansein, Henrik N. Kloverpris, Paul T. Elkington, Alasdair Leslie
Summary: The study identified distinct CD4(+) and CD8(+) tissue-resident memory T cells (Trms) enriched for IL-17-producing cells in lung tissue of individuals with active or previous TB. M. tuberculosis-specific T cells producing TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IL-17 were highly expanded in the lung compared to blood samples, and the frequency of IL-17-producing lung T cells inversely correlated with plasma IL-1 beta levels. Additionally, adding exogenous IL-17 or IL-2 enhanced immune control of M. tuberculosis in a human granuloma model, suggesting a potential role for IL-17-producing Trm-like cells in immune control of M. tuberculosis in the human lung.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
Linyue Pan, Xiaoli Chen, Xuanqi Liu, Wenjia Qiu, Yunhuan Liu, Weiping Jiang, Yang Zheng, Yan Mou, Wei Xu, Xiangyang Li, Haiyan Ge, Huili Zhu
Summary: The study found that in patients with active tuberculosis, circulating innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) were upregulated and exhibited an IL-17-expressing phenotype, which may expand the understanding of the immune response to Mtb infection.
BMC PULMONARY MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Lerato Hlaka, Mumin Ozturk, Julius E. Chia, Shelby-Sara Jones, Shandre Pillay, Sibongiseni K. L. Poswayo, Thabo Mpotje, Justin K. Nono, Simphiwe R. N. Simelane, Suraj P. Parihar, Sugata Roy, Harukazu Suzuki, Frank Brombacher, Reto Guler
Summary: IL-4i1 deletion in mice improves protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, reduces bacterial burden, and alters immune cell responses.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Kristina Ritter, Jochen Behrends, Dominik Rueckerl, Alexandra Hoelscher, Johanna Volz, Immo Prinz, Christoph Hoelscher
Summary: IL-17A and IL-17F play a compensatory role in protecting against tuberculosis, and excessive neutrophil infiltration has detrimental effects on the response to Mtb infection.
Review
Immunology
Lauren A. Zenewicz
Summary: Cytokines, including IL-22, play crucial roles in inflammation, with their activity regulated by factors like IL-22BP. IL-22BP, a soluble receptor homolog, binds to IL-22 with greater affinity, impacting the biological functions of IL-22, yet further research is needed to fully understand its role and regulation mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Joanne M. O'Hara, Shoko Wakabayashi, Noman Siddiqi, Elaine Cheung, Gregory H. Babunovic, Claudette M. Thompson, Ying-Jie Lu, Eric J. Rubin, Richard Malley, Fan Zhang
Summary: Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. We evaluate a novel vaccine which induces a broad immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This vaccine significantly reduces bacterial loads in the lungs and spleens to the same extent as BCG and enhances BCG-mediated protection, especially in the lungs, making it a promising TB vaccine candidate.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Vera Kim, Kyungwoo Lee, Hong Tian, Su Hwa Jang, Betty Diamond, Sun Jung Kim
Summary: This study found that there is an increase in the number of follicular helper T cells (Tfh cells) in lupus-prone mice, and these cells play a role in promoting the differentiation of antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). The increased ASC differentiation is mainly due to the elevated expression of molecules in the IL-23/IL-17 pathway in Tfh cells. IL-17A and IL-21 are the key cytokines secreted by Tfh cells, and neutralizing them can reduce ASC differentiation. Additionally, the lack of BLIMP-1 expression in dendritic cells (DCs) leads to an increased number of Tfh cells and functionally distinct Tfh cells, contributing to the increased ASC differentiation.
Editorial Material
Immunology
Fermin Acosta, Patricia L. Fernandez, Amador Goodridge
Summary: We emphasize the importance of analyzing the B-1 B cell subset to enhance our understanding of the cell-mediated immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Beijing lineage. Unlike the conventional antibody response associated with B cells, the B-1 cell subset is involved in the cell-mediated response within granulomas and migrates along with other cells to the site of infection.
Article
Immunology
Hye-Soo Park, Yong Woo Back, In-Taek Jang, Kang-In Lee, Yeo-Jin Son, Han-Gyu Choi, Thi Binh Dang, Hwa-Jung Kim
Summary: Rv2145c protein stimulates production of IL-10 and other cytokines in macrophages, enhancing bacterial growth and delaying clearance in the lungs and spleens of mice through modulation of host signals. Antibody treatment against IL-10 receptor restores the clearance of Rv2145c-expressing bacteria, suggesting a role for Rv2145c in creating a favorable environment for bacterial survival.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Respiratory System
David Lamb, Dorothy De Sousa, Karsten Quast, Katrin Fundel-Clemens, Jonas S. Erjefalt, Caroline Sanden, Hans Jurgen Hoffmann, Marc Kaestle, Ramona Schmid, Kevin Menden, Denis Delic
Summary: ROR gamma t is a potential pharmacological target for severe asthma, with IL-17 and IL-22 being identified as important cytokines in the pathogenesis. The study showed that IL-17 and IL-22 both contribute to pro-inflammatory responses in lung cells and mice, with a ROR gamma t inhibitor blocking their effects and providing improved clinical benefit compared to blocking IL-17 alone.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Catarina M. Ferreira, Consuelo Micheli, Palmira Barreira-Silva, Ana Margarida Barbosa, Mariana Resende, Manuel Vilanova, Ricardo Silvestre, Cristina Cunha, Agostinho Carvalho, Fernando Rodrigues, Margarida Correia-Neves, Antonio Gil Castro, Egidio Torrado
Summary: The control of tuberculosis relies on the rapid activation of protective CD4(+) T-cell responses in the lungs. The immunomodulatory cytokine IL-10 hinders this response by impairing the migratory capacity of CD4(+) T cells. However, BCG vaccination can prevent the immunosuppressive effects of IL-10 and accelerate the CD4(+) T-cell response, leading to better control of tuberculosis infection.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Jeffrey Maslanka, Gretel Torres, Jennifer Londregan, Naomi Goldman, Daniel Silberman, John Somerville, James E. Riggs
Summary: This study investigates the immunobiology of the peritoneum in ovarian cancer, revealing reduced B1 cells in the ascites and selective loss of B1 and marginal zone B cell subsets in the spleen. These findings suggest a correlation between the depletion of B cell subsets and the influx of myeloid-derived suppressor cells during ovarian cancer.
CELLULAR IMMUNOLOGY
(2024)
