Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elaine B. Schenk, Frederic A. Meunier, Dietmar B. Oelz
Summary: Simulation results show that neurosecretory vesicles undergo spatial redistribution towards the plasma membrane upon secretagogue stimulation, releasing neurotransmitters through fusion. This redistribution alone explains the observed up-regulation of vesicle transport and its directional bias towards the plasma membrane. Parameter fitting suggests asymmetric vesicle transport with a bias towards the plasma membrane in the deeper cell compartment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Shinya Sugimoto, Eiji Kobayashi, Masayuki Fujii, Yuki Ohta, Kazuya Arai, Mami Matano, Keiko Ishikawa, Kentaro Miyamoto, Kohta Toshimitsu, Sirirat Takahashi, Kosaku Nanki, Yoji Hakamata, Takanori Kanai, Toshiro Sato
Summary: The study successfully generated a functional small intestinalized colon (SIC) by replacing the native colonic epithelium with ileum-derived organoids, which markedly ameliorated intestinal failure in a rat model of short bowel syndrome (SBS). This provides proof of principle for the regenerative use of intestinal organoids and offers a feasible strategy for SBS treatment.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bijeta Prasai, Gideon J. Haber, Marie-Paule Strub, Regina Ahn, John A. Ciemniecki, Kem A. Sochacki, Justin W. Taraska
Summary: By utilizing correlative super-resolution light and electron microscopy, researchers have mapped the location and organization of Rab-GTPases and their effectors on exocytic vesicles, shedding light on their functional roles within cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Blake H. Hummer, Theodore Carter, Breanna L. Sellers, Jenna D. Triplett, Cedric S. Asensio
Summary: This study reports the structure and function of HID-1 protein. The N-terminus of HID-1 mediates its binding with the cell membrane, while the C-terminus serves as the functional domain. A mutation can lead to loss of function.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jing Liu, Rui Peng, Qian Tan, Bocun Li, Jianyi Chen, Guangya Liu, Yawen Wang, Chao Li, Jia Li, Hua Wang
Summary: In this study, label-free LC-MS-based proteomics analysis was used to investigate the molecular mechanisms of IBS-D and the effects of acupuncture on colonic mucosa protein abundance in rats. The results showed that IBS-D is closely related to energy metabolism and muscular excitation/contraction. Both traditional acupuncture and syndrome differentiation acupuncture can reverse the impairments of normal energy metabolism. Additionally, the syndrome differentiation acupuncture can regulate proteins related to inflammation, wound repair and cell protection against oxidative stress, which may contribute to its analgesic effect.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zulfeqhar A. Syed, Liping Zhang, Kelly G. Ten Hagen
Summary: The mucus layer that protects epithelial cells is made up of mucin proteins, which are heavily decorated with O-linked sugars. These mucins can form gel-like structures that coat surfaces. Understanding the synthesis and function of mucus is important for the protection and health of internal epithelia.
ADVANCED DRUG DELIVERY REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nava Reznik, Deborah Fass
Summary: The formation of disulfide bonds in proteins involves various enzymes and chaperones in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi apparatus. QSOX1 and QSOX2 are Golgi-resident enzymes that catalyze disulfide bonding. The localization of these catalysts in the Golgi has been puzzling, but recent studies have shown that QSOX1 also regulates glycosyltransferases in the Golgi. Additionally, some disulfide-mediated multimerization events in the Golgi are independent of QSOX1 and instead depend on low pH conditions.
