期刊
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
卷 10, 期 4, 页码 330-337出版社
CHIN SOCIETY IMMUNOLOGY
DOI: 10.1038/cmi.2013.3
关键词
anti-inflammation; EH; ephedrine hydrochloride; IL-10; peptidoglycan; PGN; phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PI3K
类别
资金
- National Key Basic Research Program of China [2010CB529901, 2010CB530600]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31100619, 30972705]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [20110490186]
- Chen-guang Plan Project of Shanghai Educational Municipal Education Commission [11CG48, szy10004]
- Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20113107120014]
- Leading Academic Discipline Project of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (Yuejuan Zheng, Shanghai University of T.C.M) [J50301]
Approaches for controlling inflammatory responses and reducing the mortality rate of septic patients remain clinically ineffective; new drugs need to be identified that can induce anti-inflammatory responses. Ephedrine hydrochloride (EH) is a compound that is widely used in cardiovascular diseases, especially to treat hypotension caused by either anesthesia or overdose of antihypertensive drugs. In this study, we reported that EH also plays an important role in the control of the inflammatory response. EH increased IL-10 and decreased proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, tumor-necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-12 and IL-1 beta) expression in primary peritoneal macrophages and Raw264.7 cells treated with peptidoglycan (PGN), a Gram-positive cell wall component. The anti-inflammatory role of EH was also demonstrated in an experimental mouse model of peritonitis induced by intraperitoneal PGN injection. The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway was found to be responsible for the EH-mediated increase in IL-10 production and decrease in IL-6 expression. Therefore, our results illustrated that EH can help maintain immune equilibrium and diminish host damage by balancing the production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines after PGN challenge. EH may be a new potential anti-inflammatory drug that can be useful for treating severe invasive Gram-positive bacterial infection.
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