Review
Cell Biology
Sarah Saxena, Veronique Kruys, Raf De Jongh, Joseph Vamecq, Mervyn Maze
Summary: Aseptic surgical trauma induces the release of HMGB1, triggering the immune response and resulting in postoperative cognitive decline.
Review
Cell Biology
Bram DeWulf, Laurens Minsart, Franck Verdonk, Veronique Kruys, Michael Piagnerelli, Mervyn Maze, Sarah Saxena
Summary: Targeting HMGB1 can be a strategy to reduce sepsis-induced encephalopathy and complement non-pharmacological interventions.
Article
Immunology
Anette Teo Hansen Selno, Stephanie Schlichtner, Inna M. Yasinska, Svetlana S. Sakhnevych, Walter Fiedler, Jasmin Wellbrock, Steffen M. Berger, Elena Klenova, Bernhard F. Gibbs, Elizaveta Fasler-Kan, Vadim V. Sumbayev
Summary: HMGB1, a non-histone protein, is released by stressed, dying, or dead cells into the extracellular matrix, potentially impacting cancer cells' ability to evade immune surveillance. Through recognition as a ligand, TLR4 mediates the induction of TGF-beta by HMGB1, leading to the expression of the immunosuppressive protein galectin-9 in cancer cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Federico Biscetti, Giovanni Tinelli, Maria Margherita Rando, Elisabetta Nardella, Andrea Leonardo Cecchini, Flavia Angelini, Giuseppe Straface, Marco Filipponi, Vincenzo Arena, Dario Pitocco, Antonio Gasbarrini, Massimo Massetti, Andrea Flex
Summary: The study found that HMGB1 is an independent risk factor for carotid plaque vulnerability in diabetic patients, with higher levels of HMGB1 and inflammatory cytokines in ICAS patients compared to WICAS patients. Among ICAS patients, those with unstable plaque had even higher levels of these cytokines. HMGB1 and osteoprotegerin were independently associated with unstable plaque in ICAS patients.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ilijana Grigorov, Snezana Pejic, Ana Todorovic, Dunja Drakulic, Filip Veljkovic, Jadranka Miletic Vukajlovic, Katarina Bobic, Ivan Soldatovic, Sinisa Durasevic, Nebojsa Jasnic, Sanja Stankovic, Sofija Glumac, Violeta Mihailovic-Vucinic, Branislava Milenkovic
Summary: Careful monitoring of mild/moderate COVID-19 patients is crucial due to the rapid progression of complications. This study identified HMGB1 and HO-1 as potential biomarkers for COVID-19 management, based on their serum concentrations at hospital admission. The increase in HO-1 may provide protection against oxidative stress and inflammation, while the level of HMGB1 reflects the activity of the innate immune system.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Min Jun Kim, Yong Hwa Hwang, Jin Wook Hwang, Zahid Alam, Dong Yun Lee
Summary: Heme oxygenase-1 (HO1) gene therapy can modulate intracellular molecules to inhibit the release of HMGB1, which in turn improves the efficiency of islet transplantation treatment.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Hayder M. Al-kuraishy, Ali I. Al-Gareeb, Luay Alkazmi, Ola A. Habotta, Gaber El-Saber Batiha
Summary: HMGB1 is a multifunctional nuclear protein that plays a critical role in the inflammatory signaling pathway. Elevated levels of HMGB1 in COVID-19 patients are associated with disease severity and complications. Targeting the HMGB1 pathway may be beneficial in reducing the severity of the disease.
INFLAMMOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Tuo Tang, Shengnan Wang, Tianyu Cai, Zhenyu Cheng, Yu Meng, Shimei Qi, Yao Zhang, Zhilin Qi
Summary: This study found that HMGB1 promotes proliferation and migration of gastric cancer cells through the RAGE-mediated signaling pathways, involving multiple molecular mechanisms. It highlights HMGB1 as a potential therapeutic target for GC, providing important evidence for future research and treatment strategies.
Article
Immunology
Yi Chen, Wenmin Zhang, Hui Bao, Wubing He, Lihong Chen
Summary: The study found that HMGB1 expression is upregulated in liver allografts during acute rejection, leading to increased inflammatory cell infiltration and DC maturation, ultimately promoting T cell proliferation and differentiation. Inhibition of HMGB1 with glycyrrhizic acid during liver preservation was shown to reduce inflammation, hepatocyte damage, and prolong allograft survival time, suggesting a potential therapeutic target to prevent acute rejection in liver transplantation.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Carlo Ticconi, Stefania Mardente, Emanuela Mari, Federica Barreca, Manuela Montanaro, Alessandro Mauriello, Giuseppe Rizzo, Alessandra Zicari
Summary: The levels of HMGB1 in plasma, platelets, and plasma-derived microvesicles were significantly higher in women with unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (uRPL) compared to control women. Expression of HMGB1 in the endometrium was also higher in women with uRPL. These findings suggest the involvement of HMGB1 in uRPL.
JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zhiwu Wu, Liping Liang, Qianliang Huang
Summary: HMGB1 is a cytokine that serves as a marker of inflammation and has multiple functions depending on its subcellular location. CSF HMGB1 may play a role in the pathological mechanisms underlying complications associated with CNS diseases. Measuring the level of HMGB1 in the CSF can help predict disease progression and contribute to pathological alterations in distant areas.
Article
Oncology
Kanako Yokomizo, Kayoko Waki, Miyako Ozawa, Keiko Yamamoto, Sachiko Ogasawara, Hirohisa Yano, Akira Yamada
Summary: Knocking out HMGB1 in tumor cells suppresses tumor growth in vivo, mediated by CD8 T cells, and leads to accelerated infiltration of CD8 T cells, macrophages, and dendritic cells in the tumor tissues. Manipulation of tumor-derived HMGB1 could improve the clinical outcomes of cancer immunotherapies.
Article
Immunology
William A. Banks, Kim M. Hansen, Michelle A. Erickson, Fulton T. Crews
Summary: High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a protein that regulates transcription in the cell nucleus and activates the innate immune system. It can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and affect neuroimmune signaling in the brain and periphery. In this study, the ability of radioactively labeled HMGB1 to cross the BBB was examined. The results showed that HMGB1 could bidirectionally cross the BBB and its transport rates were enhanced by inflammation. This finding suggests that HMGB1 levels have an impact on neuroimmune signaling in various conditions.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Laura Kate Gadanec, Ulf Andersson, Vasso Apostolopoulos, Anthony Zulli
Summary: High levels of HMGB-1 have been found in patients with Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), which worsens cardiovascular outcomes. Targeting HMGB-1 may be a potential therapy for improving HHcy-induced cardiovascular pathologies.
Review
Immunology
Li Li, Yuan-Qiang Lu
Summary: HMGB1 is a crucial player in the inflammatory response and immunosuppression of sepsis, mediating the release of inflammatory factors and potentially contributing to the pathogenesis of the disease.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Patrizia D'Adamo, Anemari Horvat, Antonia Gurgone, Maria Lidia Mignogna, Veronica Bianchi, Michela Masetti, Maddalena Ripamonti, Stefano Taverna, Jelena Velebit, Maja Malnar, Marko Muhic, Katja Fink, Angela Bachi, Umberto Restuccia, Sara Belloli, Rosa Maria Moresco, Alessia Mercalli, Lorenzo Piemonti, Maja Potokar, Sasa Trkov Bobnar, Marko Kreft, Helena H. Chowdhury, Matjaz Stenovec, Nina Vardjan, Robert Zorec
Summary: Proteomic analysis and glucose uptake studies in Gdi1 knockout mice reveal significant changes in astrocyte-resident glycolytic enzymes and increased glucose uptake, leading to cognitive impairment. A selective impairment in working memory was observed in mice with Gdi1 deletion restricted to astrocytes, which was rescued by inhibiting glycolysis. These findings suggest a new astrocyte-based mechanism in neurodevelopmental disorders and potential therapeutic opportunities targeting aerobic glycolysis.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Christa Caggiano, Barbara Celona, Fleur Garton, Joel Mefford, Brian L. Black, Robert Henderson, Catherine Lomen-Hoerth, Andrew Dahl, Noah Zaitlen
Summary: The study introduces an algorithm, CelFiE, for accurately estimating the relative abundances of cell types and tissues contributing to cell-free DNA in the bloodstream. The algorithm is versatile and can be applied in various contexts, such as pregnant women and ALS patients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Geert A. Martens, Geert Stange, Lorenzo Piemonti, Jasper Anckaert, Zhidong Ling, Daniel G. Pipeleers, Frans K. Gorus, Pieter Mestdagh, Dieter De Smet, Jo Vandesompele, Bart Keymeulen, Sarah Roels
Summary: This study identified multiple beta cell-enriched microRNAs that are co-released with miR-375 and can be used as complementary biomarkers of beta cell death, with miR-375 and miR-132 showing potential for graft outcome.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sara Saellstrom, Arian Sadeghi, Emma Eriksson, Thomas Segall, Maria Dimopoulou, Olle Korsgren, Angelica SI. Loskog, Thomas H. Totterman, Akseli Hemminki, Henrik Ronnberg
Summary: Local AdCD40L therapy in dogs with melanoma showed infiltration of T and B lymphocytes in tumor tissue post treatment, suggesting immune stimulation. The best overall response included 7 complete responses, 5 partial responses, 5 stable, and 2 progressive disease statuses based on immunotherapy results.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Andrea Laurenzi, Amelia Caretto, Chiara Molinari, Alessia Mercalli, Raffaella Melzi, Rita Nano, Cristina Tresoldi, Patrizia Rovere Querini, Fabio Ciceri, Vito Lampasona, Emanuele Bosi, Marina Scavini, Lorenzo Piemonti
Summary: This study aimed to assess whether dysglycemia diagnosed during COVID-19 pneumonia could become a potential public health problem after the infection is resolved. The research found that COVID-19-associated dysglycemia is unlikely to be a lasting public health problem, thereby cautioning against alarmist claims on the risk of diabetes after COVID-19 pneumonia.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lorenzo Piemonti, Bart Keymeulen, Pieter Gillard, Thomas Linn, Emanuele Bosi, Ludger Rose, Paolo Pozzilli, Francesco Giorgino, Efisio Cossu, Luisa Daffonchio, Giovanni Goisis, Pier Adelchi Ruffini, Anna Rita Maurizi, Flavio Mantelli, Marcello Allegretti
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate the effects of ladarixin (LDX) on sustaining C-peptide production in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes patients. The results showed that short-term LDX treatment had no significant impact on preserving residual beta cell function, but there were transient metabolic benefits in some secondary endpoints.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ben Jones, Vinod Burade, Elina Akalestou, Yusman Manchanda, Zenouska Ramchunder, Gaelle Carrat, Marie-Sophie Nguyen-Tu, Piero Marchetti, Lorenzo Piemonti, Isabelle Leclerc, Rajamannar Thennati, Tina Vilsboll, Bernard Thorens, Alejandra Tomas, Guy A. Rutter
Summary: This study describes the in vitro characteristics and antidiabetic efficacy of GL0034, a novel GLP-1RA. GL0034 showed increased binding affinity and bias towards cAMP signaling compared to semaglutide. In vivo studies in mice demonstrated that GL0034 had powerful antidiabetic effects, including weight loss and improved glycemic control.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ewelina Golec, Alexander Ekstrom, Maciej Noga, Muhmmad Omar-Hmeadi, Per-Eric Lund, Bruno O. Villoutreix, Ulrika Krus, Katarzyna Wozniak, Olle Korsgren, Erik Renstrom, Sebastian Barg, Ben C. King, Anna M. Blom
Summary: The study finds that splice variants of CD59 exist in human and mouse pancreatic islets. These variants are associated with insulin granules and insulin secretion. In type 2 diabetes patients, the expression of these variants is significantly reduced, which may contribute to insulin deficiency.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Valeria Sordi, Laura Monaco, Lorenzo Piemonti
Summary: Cell therapy for type 1 diabetes is an important field in regenerative medicine, with ongoing clinical trials using beta cells derived from stem cells. The experience of islet transplantation has provided valuable knowledge and advancements for beta cell replacement therapy.
HORMONE RESEARCH IN PAEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Benedetta Ferrara, Erica Dugnani, Valeria Sordi, Valentina Pasquale, Silvia Pellegrini, Michele Reni, Gianpaolo Balzano, Lorenzo Piemonti
Summary: This study aims to provide a comprehensive characterization of stemness in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cell lines. The expression of cancer stem cell (CSC) markers in 17 cell lines was evaluated. The study found that a higher degree of stemness was associated with in vivo tumorigenicity, but not with in vitro growth kinetics, clonogenicity, and chemo-resistance. In addition, the degree of stemness was associated with the expression of specific genes and the secretion of specific proteins.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Cristina Mosconi, Maria Adriana Cocozza, Filippo Piacentino, Federico Fontana, Alberta Cappelli, Francesco Modestino, Andrea Coppola, Diego Palumbo, Paolo Marra, Paola Maffi, Lorenzo Piemonti, Antonio Secchi, Claudio Ricci, Riccardo Casadei, Gianpaolo Balzano, Massimo Falconi, Giulio Carcano, Antonio Basile, Anna Maria Ierardi, Gianpaolo Carrafiello, Francesco De Cobelli, Rita Golfieri, Massimo Venturini
Summary: This review discusses the interventional radiological management of complications after pancreatic surgery, including percutaneous drainage of fluid collections, percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage, and transcatheter embolization (or stent-graft) for arterial bleeding. It also examines percutaneous intra-portal islet auto-transplantation for the prevention of pancreatogenic diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gioia Piersanti, Giovanni Landoni, Tommaso Scquizzato, Alberto Zangrillo, Lorenzo Piemonti
Summary: A meta-analysis of nine studies involving 733 patients showed that the anti-inflammatory drug Reparixin improved survival in critically ill or transplant patients (including both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients) without increasing the risk of infection.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Claudia Vanetti, Vito Lampasona, Marta Stracuzzi, Claudio Fenizia, Mara Biasin, Irma Saulle, Fiona Limanaqi, Ahmed Abdelsalam, Cristian Loretelli, Laura Paradiso, Emma Longoni, Lucia Barcellini, Lorenzo Piemonti, Ilaria Marzinotto, Stefania Dispinseri, Antonella Amendola, Clara Fappani, Elisabetta Tanzi, Mario Salvatore Clerici, Gabriella Scarlatti, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Vania Giacomet, Daria Trabattoni
Summary: This study analyzed the immune profiles of 18 hospitalized children with SARS-CoV-2 infection and found that different severity levels of children cases showed different immune characteristics. Infants with severe symptoms exhibited high inflammatory response and extreme antibody response, while mild cases had lower levels of inflammation and antibodies. Overall, the immune response in children is directly correlated with the clinical severity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Tegehall Angie, Ingvast Sofie, Melhus Asa, Skog Oskar, Korsgren Olle
Summary: This study reveals the development of acute inflammation in rats after instillation of heat-inactivated bacteria in the ductal compartment of the pancreas. Although the inflammation subsided after three weeks, a subset of rats exhibited accumulation of T cells around the affected islets, resembling the insulitis seen in human T1D. These findings highlight the interplay between innate and acquired immunity in the pathogenesis of T1D.
ACTA DIABETOLOGICA
(2022)
