Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Cedric Bressan, Marta Snapyan, Marina Snapyan, Johannes Klaus, Francesco di Matteo, Stephen P. Robertson, Barbara Treutlein, Martin Parent, Silvia Cappello, Armen Saghatelyan
Summary: This study found that neuronal progenitor cells derived from PH patients with specific mutations displayed altered migratory dynamics when transplanted in mouse brains. The affected migration was linked to impaired autophagy, resulting in the accumulation of paxillin. Enhancement of autophagy through metformin treatment promoted migration of PH patients-derived cells.
EMBO MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
So-Yeon Park, Da-Seul Kim, Hyun-Mun Kim, Jun-Kyu Lee, Dong-Youn Hwang, Tae-Hyung Kim, Seungkwon You, Dong Keun Han
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used in clinical studies due to their versatility and low immunogenicity. However, safety issues remain a concern. Recently, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from MSCs have been explored as an alternative. EVs are nano-sized particles released by cells and have similar biological functions as their origin cells. They carry bioactive molecules and facilitate tissue regeneration. EVs derived from adipose-derived MSCs (ADMSC) also have neuroprotective and neurogenesis effects. This study aimed to enhance the neural differentiation ability of ADMSC-derived EVs by investigating the neurogenic-differentiation process. The results showed that differentiated EVs (dEVs) obtained from neurogenesis conditioned media increased neurogenic ability by altering microRNA expression and cytokine composition. dEVs promoted neuronal differentiation of neural progenitor cells in vitro, indicating their potential in EV-based therapy for neurological disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Zhaohui Wang, Ziwei Zeng, Vytaute Starkuviene, Holger Erfle, Kejia Kan, Jian Zhang, Manuel Gunkel, Carsten Sticht, Nuh Rahbari, Michael Keese
Summary: By using RNA sequencing and text mining, this study identified miRNAs involved in cell migration in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), and analyzed their regulatory role and affected pathways in HUVEC migration.
Article
Cell Biology
Julianna Lilienberg, Agota Apati, Janos M. Rethelyi, Laszlo Homolya
Summary: The study reveals that microglial cells have different effects on the proliferation and neurite outgrowth of neural progenitor cells and hippocampal neurons. Proinflammatory stimulated microglia promote both proliferation and neurite generation, while anti-inflammatory stimulated microglia enhance neurite outgrowth.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tong Zheng, Donna F. Bielinski, Derek R. Fisher, Jianyi Zhang, Barbara Shukitt-Hale
Summary: Blueberry extract has a positive effect on the viability and proliferation rates of adult hippocampal progenitor cells, potentially reversing decreases caused by dopamine, possibly due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and calcium-buffering properties.
Article
Biology
John C. O'Donnell, Erin M. Purvis, Kaila V. T. Helm, Dayo O. Adewole, Qunzhou Zhang, Anh D. Le, D. Kacy Cullen
Summary: The Tissue-Engineered Rostral Migratory Stream (TE-RMS) developed by O'Donnell et al. uses astrocyte-like cells derived from adult gingival stem cells to facilitate directed migration of immature neurons and redirect neuroblast migration in athymic rat brains, offering a promising new approach to neuroregenerative medicine.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Virology
Xuan Jiang, Siqing Liu, Ya-Ru Fu, Xi-Juan Liu, Xiao-Jun Li, Bo Yang, Hai-Fei Jiang, Zhang-Zhou Shen, Endalkachew Ashenafi Alemu, Pavel Vazquez, Yaping Tang, Mari Kaarbo, Michael A. A. McVoy, Simon Rayner, Min-Hua Luo
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection in fetal brains can cause neurodevelopmental disorders by targeting neural progenitor cells (NPCs). This study investigated the expression of cellular and viral microRNAs (miRNAs) in HCMV-infected NPCs during early infection. Several differentially expressed cellular miRNAs and upregulated HCMV miRNAs were identified. Deep learning methods were used to predict miRNA targets and their associations with cellular mRNA expression changes. The study revealed the involvement of these miRNAs in neurodevelopmental and cell-cycle processes, and confirmed the regulatory role of hcmv-miR-US25-1 on the Jag1 gene, an important factor for neurogenesis.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Shukui Zhang, Jinyue Zhao, Cheng Zhao, Libo Su, Jianwei Jiao
Summary: Regulation of neural stem cell behavior and neuronal development involves the BCAT1 gene, which is highly expressed in specific layers of the cerebral cortex and is involved in glutamate metabolism. Using single-cell data, researchers identified seven different states of neural stem cells, with state 4 being closely associated with the development of projection neurons. Suppression of BCAT1 resulted in reduced proliferation of neural stem cells and abnormal development of specific neuronal subtypes.
Article
Cell Biology
Jie Ren, Chaoyi Li, Mengfei Zhang, Huakun Wang, Yali Xie, Yu Tang
Summary: Efforts have been made to establish efficient methods for neural differentiation from human pluripotent stem cells, resulting in rapid generation of neural progenitor cells and motor neurons. Differentiation protocols involving retinoic acid induction and dual-SMAD pathway inhibition were compared for their effectiveness in generating specific neural subtypes.
Article
Cell Biology
Junchen Chen, Xiaoxue Dong, Xuejun Cheng, Qiang Zhu, Jinyu Zhang, Qian Li, Xiaoli Huang, Min Wang, Liping Li, Weixiang Guo, Binggui Sun, Qiang Shu, Wen Yi, Xuekun Li
Summary: Ogt deficiency in adult neural stem/progenitor cells leads to a decrease in the aNSPC pool, abnormal neurogenesis, and impaired cognitive function in adult mice. Mechanistic studies reveal that Ogt catalyzes the O-GlcNAc modification of the Notch TM/ICD fragment, which in turn affects neurogenic defects induced by Ogt deficiency.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Ying V. Liu, Clayton P. Santiago, Akin Sogunro, Gregory J. Konar, Ming-wen Hu, Minda M. McNally, Yu-chen Lu, Miguel Flores-Bellver, Silvia Aparicio-Domingo, Kang V. Li, Zhuo-lin Li, Dzhalal Agakishiev, Sarah E. Hadyniak, Katarzyna A. Hussey, Tyler J. Creamer, Linda D. Orzolek, Derek Teng, M. Valeria Canto-Soler, Jiang Qian, Zheng Jiang, Robert J. Johnston Jr, Seth Blackshaw, Mandeep S. Singh
Summary: Human retinal organoid transplantation into photoreceptor-deficient mice led to migration of human cells into all recipient retinal layers, with astrocytes and neural precursors being observed. In contrast, retinal progenitor-derived rods and cones remained in the subretinal space and matured more rapidly than the cultured controls. These findings have important implications for potential cell-based treatments of retinal diseases.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Angela Picerno, Francesca Giannuzzi, Claudia Curci, Giuseppe De Palma, Maria Giovanna Di Chiano, Simona Simone, Rossana Franzin, Anna Gallone, Vito Francesco Di Lorenzo, Alessandra Stasi, Giovanni Battista Pertosa, Carlo Sabba, Loreto Gesualdo, Fabio Sallustio
Summary: The lncRNA HOTAIR is highly expressed in renal progenitor cells and plays a key role in maintaining their proliferative capacity and limiting apoptosis. Knockout of HOTAIR leads to senescence of renal progenitor cells and decreased expression of the stem cell marker CD133. HOTAIR exerts its function through epigenetic silencing of cell cycle inhibitor p15.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Satoshi Miyashita, Tomoo Owa, Yusuke Seto, Mariko Yamashita, Shogo Aida, Masaki Sone, Kentaro Ichijo, Tomoki Nishioka, Kozo Kaibuchi, Yoshiya Kawaguchi, Shinichiro Taya, Mikio Hoshino
Summary: The study reveals that cyclin D1 (CCND1) directly regulates both proliferative and immature states of cerebellar granule cell progenitors (GCPs) by controlling the phosphorylation state of ATOH1 protein and cell cycle progression. Additionally, PROX1 downregulates Ccnd1 expression by histone deacetylation in GCPs, leading to cell cycle exit and differentiation. WNT signaling upregulates PROX1 expression in GCPs, suggesting a cooperative signaling cascade involving WNT-PROX1-CCND1-ATOH1 in controlling the states of GCPs.
Article
Neurosciences
Himali Arora, Bharat Prajapati, Pankaj Seth
Summary: Zika virus infection during early pregnancy leads to Congenital Zika Syndrome, affecting fetal brain development and causing microcephaly. This study investigates the molecular mechanisms of cellular changes in human neural progenitor cells (hNPCs) caused by ZIKV E-protein. The findings suggest that ZIKV E-protein causes cell cycle arrest, decreased proliferation, prolonged mitotic length in hNPCs, disrupts their migrational properties, and increases inflammation.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Chi Xu, Wenxiang Fan, Ying Zhang, Horace H. Loh, Ping-Yee Law
Summary: This study reveals that OPRK1 agonists inhibit adult neurogenesis in the mouse hippocampus by upregulating the expression of miR-7a, which in turn downregulates Pax6/Neurog2/NeuroD1 activities and hinders neuronal differentiation of neural stem cells.
