Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Agata Gluszek-Kustusz, Benjamin Craske, Thibault Legal, Toni McHugh, Julie P. Welburn
Summary: During mitosis, the microtubule crosslinker protein PRC1 recruits motor proteins CENP-E and Kif4A to the central spindle to coordinate chromosome segregation and cytokinesis. This recruitment is mediated by a conserved hydrophobic motif and is spatially and temporally regulated by CENP-E. The interaction between PRC1 and microtubule motor proteins is essential for controlling chromosome partitioning, maintaining central spindle integrity, and ensuring cytokinesis during anaphase.
Article
Biology
William Conway, Robert Kiewisz, Gunar Fabig, Colm P. Kelleher, Hai-Yin Wu, Maya Anjur-Dietrich, Thomas Mueller-Reichert, Daniel J. Needleman
Summary: During eukaryotic cell division, the distribution of kinetochore microtubules (KMTs) in the mitotic spindle is crucial for accurate chromosome segregation. This study investigates the processes that give rise to the observed distribution of KMTs in human cells. The results suggest that KMTs grow away from kinetochores along defined trajectories, with longer KMTs growing more slowly than shorter ones, leading to a mathematical model of kinetochore-fiber self-organization in human mitotic spindles.
Article
Cell Biology
Rui Lyu, Xuemei Wu, Nan Ma, Difei Wang, Shuang Sun, Youguang Luo, Jun Zhou, Xinyi Lu, Min Liu, Dengwen Li
Summary: Human embryonic stem cells exhibit specialized mitotic behavior characterized by unique spindle morphology, increased astral microtubules, stable spindle microtubules, and faster chromosome alignment compared to somatic cells. The spindle assembly checkpoint is functional in hESCs, highlighting potential implications for their proliferation and differentiation processes.
CELL AND TISSUE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tatsuya Fukuyama, Lucan Yan, Masahito Tanaka, Megumi Yamaoka, Kei Saito, Shih-Chieh Ti, Chung-Chi Liao, Kuo-Chiang Hsia, Yusuke T. Maeda, Yuta Shimamoto
Summary: The spindle is a dynamic intracellular structure essential for chromosome segregation during cell division. It can exhibit varied shape morphologies through nonrandom, bistable self-organization paths. The emergence of different spindle shapes is influenced by both physical and molecular factors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhenzhen Chu, Oliver J. Gruss
Summary: Centrosomes play a crucial role in animal cell division. In this study, the researchers investigated the roles of centriolar satellite proteins SSX2IP and WDR8, as well as centriolar protein CEP135, in centrosome assembly and function. They found that the loss of SSX2IP and WDR8 could be compensated for, but the loss of CEP135 resulted in compromised centrosome function.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marin Barisic, Girish Rajendraprasad
Summary: Recent research has shown that in human cells, the continuous poleward motion of microtubules in mitotic spindles is driven by four mitotic kinesins, with specific contributions at different stages of mitosis. While the molecular mechanism behind this cellular phenomenon has been elucidated, the functional roles of microtubule poleward flux during cell division remain largely unknown.
Article
Cell Biology
Aude Pascal, Emmanuel Gallaud, Regis Giet, Christelle Benaud
Summary: Proper mitotic spindle orientation relies on the correct anchorage of astral microtubules to the cortex. In this study, Annexin A2 (Anx2) is found to recruit the scaffold protein Ahnak to the cell cortex, which is important for spindle positioning in HeLa cells. The Ahnak-Anx2 complex also plays a role in the cortical localization and dynamics of dynein and NuMA.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Andrew D. McAinsh, Adele L. Marston
Summary: This paper presents the components, assembly, structure, and function of kinetochores. The authors outline a blueprint for kinetochore assembly and discuss how functions are mapped onto this architecture. They also explore how the underlying chromatin influences kinetochore shape.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivor Joseph, Juan Flores, Victoria Farrell, Justin Davis, Jared Bianchi-Smak, Qiang Feng, Sayantani Goswami, Xiang Lin, Zhi Wei, Kevin Tong, Zhaohui Feng, Michael P. Verzi, Edward M. Bonder, James R. Goldenring, Nan Gao
Summary: RAB11 small GTPases and associated recycling endosome are involved in regulating mitosis. However, the physiological significance of this regulation in mammalian tissues has not been observed. Using mouse models, researchers found that the absence of RAB11 family members (Rab11a and Rab11b) in the intestinal epithelium leads to defective cell cycle entry, mitotic arrest, and apoptosis, resulting in lethality within 3 days. Further experiments showed that Rab11 depletion affects mitotic spindle formation and cell death. Proteomic analysis revealed that Rab11a and Rab11b interact with mitotic spindle microtubule regulators. Disrupting Rab11 impairs bipolar spindle formation and cell division by affecting the function of the kinesin motor KIF11. These findings suggest that RAB11A and RAB11B redundantly control mitotic spindle function and intestinal progenitor cell division, which may be important for the homeostasis and renewal of other mammalian tissues.
Review
Cell Biology
Tao Zhong, Xiaoxiao Gongye, Minglei Wang, Jinming Yu
Summary: Proper spindle orientation is crucial for cell fate determination and tissue morphogenesis. Various factors, including geometric, internal and external cues, regulate spindle orientation and abnormalities in these factors can lead to defects in organ functions and severe diseases. Establishing a precise model to elucidate the effects of spindle orientation alone could significantly enhance our understanding of this complex event.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aurelien Courtois, Shuhei Yoshida, Osamu Takenouchi, Kohei Asai, Tomoya S. Kitajima
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of stable kinetochore-microtubule attachments in confining MTOC positions at spindle poles and limiting spindle elongation in acentriolar spindles. The gradual MTOC sorting process in the metaphase spindle is crucial for maintaining spindle integrity. Disruption of stable kinetochore-microtubule attachments leads to failure in MTOC confinement and spindle elongation termination.
Article
Biology
Alex F. Thompson, Patrick R. Blackburn, Noah S. Arons, Sarah N. Stevens, Dusica Babovic-Vuksanovic, Jane B. Lian, Eric W. Klee, Jason Stumpff
Summary: This study reveals that mutations in KIF22 disrupt chromosome segregation in anaphase, leading to reduced proliferation and abnormal cell morphology. It demonstrates the significance of regulating KIF22 activity and maintaining force balance in anaphase.
Review
Cell Biology
Ralph Graef, Marianne Grafe, Irene Meyer, Kristina Mitic, Valentin Pitzen
Summary: The centrosome of Dictyostelium amoebae consists of a cylindrical layered core structure without centrioles, surrounded by a corona harboring microtubule-nucleating gamma-tubulin complexes. Proteomics, protein interaction studies, and superresolution microscopy methods have significantly advanced our understanding of the composition, structure, and function of this centrosome type. Comparisons of the components of the Dictyostelium centrosome with those of animals and yeasts have been discussed.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mariana Romeiro Motta, Xin'Ai Zhao, Martine Pastuglia, Katia Belcram, Farshad Roodbarkelari, Maki Komaki, Hirofumi Harashima, Shinichiro Komaki, Manoj Kumar, Petra Bulankova, Maren Heese, Karel Riha, David Bouchez, Arp Schnittger
Summary: Flowering plants contain multiple cyclin families, with B1-type cyclins playing a crucial role in cell cycle control during Arabidopsis development. Mutant analysis revealed complex overlapping requirements of B1-type cyclins, with CYCB1;2 being central. The double mutant cycb1;1 cycb1;2, although compromised in growth, provides a unique opportunity to study the function of B1-type cyclins at the organismic level.
Article
Plant Sciences
Lindy A. Allsman, Marschal A. Bellinger, Vivian Huang, Matthew Duong, Alondra Contreras, Andrea N. Romero, Benjamin Verboonen, Sukhmani Sidhu, Xiaoguo Zhang, Holly Steinkraus, Aimee N. Uyehara, Stephanie E. Martinez, Rosalie M. Sinclair, Gabriela Salazar Soriano, Beatrice Diep, V. Dawson Byrd, Alexander Noriega, Georgia Drakakaki, Anne W. Sylvester, Carolyn G. Rasmussen
Summary: In this study, live-cell markers are used to track the dynamic reorganization of microtubules, nuclei, endoplasmic reticulum, and endomembrane compartments during division and the formation of the cell plate in maize leaf epidermal cells. The results show that microtubule dynamicity increases during mitosis, supporting rapid changes in microtubule structures. Additionally, the localization of cell-plate specific proteins was assessed after treatment with specific inhibitors.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Tsuyoshi Iwasaki, Ryo Takiguchi, Takumi Hiraiwa, Takahiro G. Yamada, Kazuto Yamazaki, Noriko F. Hiroi, Akira Funahashi
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Maria Luisa Guerriero, Adam Corrigan, Aurelie Bornot, Mike Firth, Patrick O'Shea, Douglas Ross-Thriepland, Samantha Peel
Article
Cell Biology
Roshan L. Shrestha, Austin Rossi, Darawalee Wangsa, Ann K. Hogan, Kimberly S. Zaldana, Evelyn Suva, Yang Jo Chung, Chelsea L. Sanders, Simone Difilippantonio, Tatiana S. Karpova, Baktiar Karim, Daniel R. Foltz, Daniele Fachinetti, Peter D. Aplan, Thomas Ried, Munira A. Basrai
Summary: The overexpression of CENP-A leads to chromosomal instability, affecting kinetochore integrity and microtubule attachments, increasing cell invasion, and causing aneuploidy. These results provide a molecular link between CENP-A overexpression and aneuploidy, suggesting karyotypic heterogeneity may contribute to the aggressive phenotype of CENP-A-overexpressing cancers.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shoko Tokumoto, Yugo Miyata, Ruslan Deviatiiarov, Takahiro G. Yamada, Yusuke Hiki, Olga Kozlova, Yuki Yoshida, Richard Cornette, Akira Funahashi, Elena Shagimardanova, Oleg Gusev, Takahiro Kikawada
Summary: HSF1 exerts a genome-wide effect on gene regulation in Pv11 cells, inducing anhydrobiosis-related genes while repressing genes involved in basal cellular processes. This promotes an extreme hypometabolism state in the cell, crucial for the acquisition of desiccation tolerance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Tomasz Kostrzewski, Sophie Snow, Anya Lindstrom Battle, Samantha Peel, Zahida Ahmad, Jayati Basak, Manasa Surakala, Aurelie Bornot, Julia Lindgren, Maria Ryaboshapkina, Maryam Clausen, Daniel Linden, Christian Maass, Lucy May Young, Adam Corrigan, Lorna Ewart, David Hughes
Summary: The study presents an in vitro microphysiological model for NASH, demonstrating its ability to mimic key features and therapeutic interventions. The model is effective in modeling various aspects of clinical NASH and displaying features of advanced disease.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xinhong Song, Duccio Conti, Roshan L. Shrestha, Dominique Braun, Viji M. Draviam
Summary: Research shows that the Astrin-SKAP complex plays a unique role in protecting mono-oriented attachments, contributing to a better understanding of chromosome stability.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Takahiro G. Yamada, Kaito Ii, Matthias Koenig, Martina Feierabend, Andreas Draeger, Akira Funahashi
Summary: SBMLWebApp is a web-based service that allows users to perform simulation, steady-state analysis, and parameter estimation on SBML models directly in the browser. It visualizes the results, provides a download option, and allows users to select and analyze models from the BioModels Database, aiming to provide an accessible analysis environment for non-modelers.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lei Tong, Adam Corrigan, Navin Rathna Kumar, Kerry Hallbrook, Jonathan Orme, Yinhai Wang, Huiyu Zhou
Summary: Cell line authentication is important for researchers to ensure the accuracy of their work. This study proposes a novel multi-task framework using deep learning analysis of brightfield cell line images to automate the cell line authentication process and predict incubation durations. The method achieves high accuracy in identifying cell lines from images and predicting incubation durations. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework in identifying cell lines using brightfield images.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yuta Tokuoka, Takahiro G. Yamada, Daisuke Mashiko, Zenki Ikeda, Tetsuya J. Kobayashi, Kazuo Yamagata, Akira Funahashi
Summary: We developed a Normalized Multi-View Attention Network (NVAN) that predicts the live birth potential of mouse embryos based on the nuclear structure. Our method achieved high classification accuracy (83.87%), surpassing existing machine-learning methods and visual inspection by specialists. The analysis showed that the size and shape of the nucleus at the morula stage and at the time of cell division were important for live birth prediction.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biology
Campbell D. Lawson, Samantha Peel, Asier Jayo, Adam Corrigan, Preeti Iyer, Mabel Baxter Dalrymple, Richard J. Marsh, Susan Cox, Isabel Van Audenhove, Jan Gettemans, Maddy Parsons
Summary: Fascin is an important regulator of F-actin bundling in tumor cells. It has been found that Fascin bundles F-actin within the nucleus, supporting chromatin organization and efficient DNA damage response. Increased nuclear accumulation of Fascin leads to sustained nuclear F-actin bundling, resulting in reduced invasion, viability, and apoptosis of cancer cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Corrine Corrina R. Hartford, Roshan L. Shrestha, Lorinc Pongor, Yongmei Zhao, Xiongfong Chen, Caroline Fromont, Ritu Chaudhary, Xiao Ling Li, Katherine R. Pasterczyk, Ravi Kumar, Bruna R. Muys, Dimitrios Tsitsipatis, Raj Chari, Myriam Gorospe, Mirit Aladjem, Javed Khan, Munira A. Basrai, loannis Grammatikakis, Ashish Lal
Summary: PURPL is a p53-induced IncRNA that suppresses basal p53 levels. In liver cancer cells, PURPL is expressed at significantly higher levels than other cell types upon p53 activation. Transcriptome sequencing revealed novel PURPL transcripts with retained introns and/or previously unannotated exons. Depletion of PURPL using CRISPR interference and induction of p53 resulted in altered expression of hundreds of genes, indicating a context-dependent function of PURPL. Pathway analysis suggested that PURPL is important for fine-tuning the expression of specific genes required for mitosis.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Roshan L. Shrestha, Vinutha Balachandra, Jee Hun Kim, Austin Rossi, Pranathi Vadlamani, Subhash Chandra Sethi, Laurent Ozbun, Shinjen Lin, Ken Chin -Chien Cheng, Raj Chari, Tatiana S. Karpova, Gianluca Pegoraro, Daniel R. Foltz, Natasha J. Caplen, Munira A. Basrai
Summary: Restricting CENP-A localization to centromeres prevents chromosomal instability. In this study, we identified CHAF1B and CHAF1A as factors that prevent mislocalization of CENP-A, and showed that DAXX promotes mislocalization of CENP-A in CHAF1B-depleted cells.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Bruna R. Muys, Roshan L. Shrestha, Dimitrios G. Anastasakis, Lorinc Pongor, Xiao Ling Li, Ioannis Grammatikakis, Ahsan Polash, Raj Chari, Myriam Gorospe, Curtis C. Harris, Mirit I. Aladjem, Munira A. Basrai, Markus Hafner, Ashish Lal
Summary: Matrin3 mediates the regulation of mitotic spindle dynamics in colorectal cancer cells. RNA binding and regulation of Matrin3 in CRC cells were comprehensively identified, with CDC14B being one of the key targets. Knockdown of Matrin3 leads to increased inclusion of an exon containing a premature termination codon in CDC14B transcript and down-regulation of the standard CDC14B transcript. Knockdown of CDC14B phenocopies the defects in mitotic spindle dynamics observed upon Matrin3 knockdown, and overexpression of CDC14B rescues the elongated and misoriented mitotic spindle caused by Matrin3 knockdown, indicating CDC14B as a key downstream effector of Matrin3. These findings uncover the role of the Matrin3/CDC14B axis in control of mitotic spindle dynamics.
Article
Mathematical & Computational Biology
James C. Schaff, Anuradha Lakshminarayana, Robert F. Murphy, Frank T. Bergmann, Akira Funahashi, Devin P. Sullivan, Lucian P. Smith
Summary: While many biological processes can be abstracted without considering the physical space, modeling at the cellular level requires the inclusion of spatial compartments. The SBML Level 3 Core specification lacks an explicit mechanism for encoding geometries and spatial processes, but SBML packages can extend the Core specification to provide additional syntactic constructs. The SBML Spatial Processes package adds the necessary features for encoding geometries and spatial information in models.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOINFORMATICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Hazumi Kubota, Yuta Tokuoka, Takahiro G. Yamada, Akira Funahashi
Summary: In this study, a more accurate method was developed to select the correct model by judging the result of symbolic integration based on whether the output of the model equals the input formula when the output is differentiated. This method showed a higher rate of correct answers in integrating mathematical functions.