Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Aurelien Courtois, Shuhei Yoshida, Osamu Takenouchi, Kohei Asai, Tomoya S. Kitajima
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of stable kinetochore-microtubule attachments in confining MTOC positions at spindle poles and limiting spindle elongation in acentriolar spindles. The gradual MTOC sorting process in the metaphase spindle is crucial for maintaining spindle integrity. Disruption of stable kinetochore-microtubule attachments leads to failure in MTOC confinement and spindle elongation termination.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Babhrubahan Roy, Janice Sim, Simon J. Y. Han, Ajit P. Joglekar
Summary: The study investigates the interaction between Spc105 and Kre28 in budding yeast KTs. The results show that Spc105 and Kre28 localize at the KT with a 1:1 stoichiometry, and their interaction is important for Spc105 turnover and mutual recruitment at the KTs.
Review
Cell Biology
Angela R. R. Bunning, Mohan L. L. Gupta Jr.
Summary: Accurate chromosome segregation is essential for cell and organismal viability. The mitotic spindle, composed mainly of dynamic microtubules, plays a crucial role in this process by forming a bipolar configuration and generating tension across sister kinetochores. Recent advances have shed light on the role of tension as a biophysical signal that ensures accurate chromosome segregation by destabilizing aberrant kinetochore-microtubule attachments and reinforcing correct connections.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Soumitra Polley, Helen Mueschenborn, Melina Terbeck, Anna De Antoni, Ingrid R. Vetter, Marileen Dogterom, Andrea Musacchio, Vladimir A. Volkov, Pim J. Huis In 't Veld
Summary: During cell division, the Ndc80 complex plays a crucial role in linking chromosomes to spindle microtubules. This study demonstrates that the Ndc80 loop promotes direct interactions between adjacent Ndc80 complexes, which are necessary for stable end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachment and spindle assembly checkpoint satisfaction. Mutations in the loop impair these interactions and lead to cell arrest in mitosis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ayumu Yamamoto
Summary: Accurate chromosome segregation is crucial for cell proliferation and sexual reproduction. While the mechanisms of attachment selection and elimination are not fully understood, recent studies suggest that chromosome oscillation may play a role in the elimination of erroneous attachments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Wonkyung Oh, Ting Ting Wu, Seo-Yeon Jeong, Ho Jin You, Jung-Hee Lee
Summary: CtIP plays a critical role in regulating mitosis by interacting with TPX2 to control spindle dynamics and regulate the concentration of Aurora A and microtubule intensity at the spindle poles. Depletion of CtIP may lead to improper execution of mitosis and result in chromosomal instability.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Yue, Yue Wang, Tie-Gang Meng, Hong-Yong Zhang, Xin-Ran Zhang, Ying-Chun Ouyang, Yi Hou, Heide Schatten, Zhen-Bo Wang, Qing-Yuan Sun
Summary: This study investigates the role of outer kinetochore protein KNL1 in mouse oocytes and reveals its critical function in ensuring timely and accurate chromosome segregation during oocyte meiotic maturation.
Article
Cell Biology
Krishna K. Sarangapani, Lori B. Koch, Christian R. Nelson, Charles L. Asbury, Sue Biggins
Summary: Sarangapani, Koch, Nelson et al. demonstrate that phosphorylation by the evolutionarily conserved Mps1 kinase weakens kinetochore-microtubule attachments, aiding in mitotic error correction and ensuring accurate chromosome segregation.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tobias Raisch, Giuseppe Ciossani, Ennio D'Amico, Verena Cmentowski, Sara Carmignani, Stefano Maffini, Felipe Merino, Sabine Wohlgemuth, Ingrid R. Vetter, Stefan Raunser, Andrea Musacchio
Summary: A high-resolution cryo-EM structure of the ROD-Zwilch-ZW10 complex reveals essential features, such as a farnesyl-binding site required for Spindly binding. In vitro assays demonstrate that the SAC kinase MPS1 is necessary and sufficient for corona assembly at supercritical concentrations of the RZZ-Spindly complex, and the molecular mechanism of phosphorylation-dependent filament nucleation is described.
Article
Cell Biology
Janet K. Jang, Amy C. Gladstein, Arunika Das, Joanatta G. Shapiro, Zachary L. Sisco, Kim S. McKim
Summary: The study highlights the critical role of PP2A in maintaining spindle assembly and sister chromatid cohesion in Drosophila oocytes, showing an interplay with Aurora B activity.
JOURNAL OF CELL SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Joao Barbosa, Claudio E. Sunkel, Carlos Conde
Summary: This review provides an overview of the molecular strategies that monitor and fine-tune KT-MT attachment formation during mitosis, to ensure accurate segregation of sister chromatids. This process is crucial for safe mitotic progression.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
William Conway, Robert Kiewisz, Gunar Fabig, Colm P. Kelleher, Hai-Yin Wu, Maya Anjur-Dietrich, Thomas Mueller-Reichert, Daniel J. Needleman
Summary: During eukaryotic cell division, the distribution of kinetochore microtubules (KMTs) in the mitotic spindle is crucial for accurate chromosome segregation. This study investigates the processes that give rise to the observed distribution of KMTs in human cells. The results suggest that KMTs grow away from kinetochores along defined trajectories, with longer KMTs growing more slowly than shorter ones, leading to a mathematical model of kinetochore-fiber self-organization in human mitotic spindles.
Review
Cell Biology
Pablo Lara-Gonzalez, Jonathon Pines, Arshad Desai
Summary: The mitotic spindle is a macromolecular machine responsible for faithful chromosome segregation during cell division. Assembly of the spindle is guided by the 'Search & Capture' principle in structured space. Nucleation of noncentrosomal microtubules near kinetochores and changes in kinetochore architecture promote rapid and accurate assembly of the spindle.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Tomoyuki U. Tanaka, Tongli Zhang
Summary: This article discusses how eukaryotic cells ensure correct chromosome segregation during mitosis, focusing on the mechanisms of error correction through the SWAP, SWITCH, and STABILIZE processes. Key players in this process include Aurora B kinase, Mps1 kinase, and Stu2 microtubule polymerase. The study mainly examines mechanisms in budding yeast, where error correction mechanisms are relatively simpler due to a single microtubule attachment at biorientation.
Article
Developmental Biology
Marianne Roca, Lydia Besnardeau, Elisabeth Christians, Alex McDougall, Janet Chenevert, Stefania Castagnetti
Summary: The spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) is responsible for delaying anaphase onset until all chromosomes are correctly attached to spindle microtubules, maintaining genome integrity. In chordate embryos, SAC is inactive or cell-cycle target machinery is unresponsive during early development, allowing mitotic progression despite spindle defects. However, in Phallusia mammillata embryos, the SAC delays mitotic progression from the 8th cleavage divisions and unattached kinetochores are recognized by the SAC machinery after the 7th cell cycle. The strength of SAC and its modulation by cell fate and size resemble SAC control in non-chordate embryos.
Article
Biology
Grace E. Hamilton, Luke A. Helgeson, Cameron L. Noland, Charles L. Asbury, Yoana N. Dimitrova, Trisha N. Davis
Article
Cell Biology
Brianna R. King, Michelle Moritz, Haein Kim, David A. Agard, Charles L. Asbury, Trisha N. Davis
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF THE CELL
(2020)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Abraham Gutierrez, Jae Ook Kim, Neil T. Umbreit, Charles L. Asbury, Trisha N. Davis, Matthew P. Miller, Sue Biggins
Article
Cell Biology
Kimberly K. Fong, Trisha N. Davis, Charles L. Asbury
Summary: To assemble a bipolar spindle, microtubules need to bundle into an antiparallel midzone, which can be achieved by overcoming the initial preference for parallel interactions through pivoting. Pivoting flexibility of microtubules around spindle poles is crucial for timely pole separation, with passive thermal pivoting aiding initial contact and active minus end-directed force generation required for antiparallel alignment.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Daniel E. Velez-Ramirez, Michelle M. Shimogawa, Sunayan S. Ray, Andrew Lopez, Shima Rayatpisheh, Gerasimos Langousis, Marcus Gallagher-Jones, Samuel Dean, James A. Wohlschlegel, Kent L. Hill
Summary: Trypanosoma brucei is the protozoan parasite responsible for sleeping sickness, and its flagellum plays critical roles in transmission and pathogenesis. APEX2-based proximity proteomics has been successfully used to examine the protein composition of T. brucei flagellum subdomains, allowing for the identification of unique proteomes for different regions of the flagellum.
Article
Biology
Axel F. Brilot, Andrew S. Lyon, Alex Zelter, Shruthi Viswanath, Alison Maxwell, Michael J. MacCoss, Eric G. Muller, Andrej Sali, Trisha N. Davis, David A. Agard
Summary: This study investigates the mechanisms of γ TuRC assembly using a combination of crosslinking mass spectrometry, X-ray crystallography, and cryo-EM structures. The results highlight the crucial role of the evolutionarily conserved CM1 motif in Spc110p in aiding γ TuRC assembly, showing that phosphorylation sites are mostly inhibitory. Comparison with the human γ TuRC structure reveals significant structural changes arising from CM1 helix binding in metazoan γ TuRC.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Brianna R. King, Janet B. Meehl, Tamira Vojnar, Mark Winey, Eric G. Muller, Trisha N. Davis
Summary: The study utilized an inducible ectopic microtubule nucleation site in the nucleus of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to investigate the formation of a bipolar array and identified novel roles of microtubule-associated proteins and motors in microtubule nucleation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Allison Ogren, Sneha Parmar, Soumya Mukherjee, Samuel J. Gonzalez, Melissa Plooster, Mark McClellan, Anirudh G. Mannava, Elliott Davidson, Trisha N. Davis, Melissa K. Gardner
Summary: Kinesin-14 motors play a role in controlling microtubule lengths by interacting with microtubule plus-ends and walking towards the minus-end. The binding of Kinesin-14 motors to microtubule plus-ends results in a decrease in microtubule lifetime and elongation, while inhibition of Kinesin-14 minus-end-directed motility leads to extended interactions and stabilization of microtubule plus-ends. This study demonstrates the importance of Kinesin-14 motors in regulating microtubule dynamics.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Biographical-Item
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John D. Scott, Trisha N. Davis, Rachel E. Klevit, William A. Catterall
Article
Cell Biology
Rachel L. Flores, Zachary E. Peterson, Alex Zelter, Michael Riffle, Charles L. Asbury, Trisha N. Davis
Summary: The study reveals that interactions between Ndc80 complex and Dam1 complex through three distinct interacting regions play a vital role in supporting both short-term and long-term tip-coupling during mitosis. Phosphorylation by Aurora B kinase may modulate these interactions and impact the accuracy of mitosis.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katherine H. Reiter, Alex Zelter, Maria K. Janowska, Michael Riffle, Nicholas Shulman, Brendan X. MacLean, Kaipo Tamura, Matthew C. Chambers, Michael J. MacCoss, Trisha N. Davis, Miklos Guttman, Peter S. Brzovic, Rachel E. Klevit
Summary: This study characterized the interaction between the auto-inhibited RBR ligase HHARI and its substrate 4EHP using a combination of techniques. The results revealed a binding platform on the catalytic domain of HHARI and the role of a phosphomimetic mutation in promoting the release and reorientation of Rcat for substrate modification. These findings identify a direct binding interaction between an RBR ligase and its substrate and propose a general model for substrate recognition.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michelle M. Shimogawa, Angeline S. Wijono, Hui Wang, Jiayan Zhang, Jihui Sha, Natasha Szombathy, Sabeeca Vadakkan, Paula Pelayo, Keya Jonnalagadda, James Wohlschlegel, Z. Hong Zhou, Kent L. Hill
Summary: In this study, researchers identified a crucial microtubule inner protein (MIP) FAP106 in the pathogenic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei that regulates the motility of the parasite by directing the assembly of other MIPs. They also discovered a trypanosome-specific MIP, MC8, that is essential for parasite motility. These findings enhance our understanding of MIP assembly mechanisms and provide potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Biophysics
Rachel L. Flores, Zachary Peterson, Charles L. Asbury, Trisha Davis
BIOPHYSICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
G. E. Hamilton, T. N. Davis