Article
Ecology
Joseph A. Butler, J. David Lambert, Michelle DeDeo, Daniel P. Murphy
Summary: Diamondback terrapins are listed as Vulnerable by the IUCN Red List Index of Threatened Species due to various threats including habitat loss and mortality caused by predators and human activities. This study aimed to locate populations and nesting areas of diamondback terrapins in four counties in Florida. The researchers collected data on terrapin activity and found that the presence of specific woody plant species influenced nesting site choices.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Margaret M. Lamont, Darren Johnson, Daniel J. Catizone
Summary: The research tracked two diamondback terrapin individuals in Northwest Florida using satellite tags for 146 and 147 days, revealing unexpectedly long distances traveled and larger home ranges than previously reported. These findings suggest that habitat protection for this species may need to be expanded to incorporate more distant foraging sites.
ESTUARIES AND COASTS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Maoliang Su, Nanxi Liu, Zhengqi Zhang, Junbin Zhang
Summary: In this study, the branchial osmoregulatory mechanisms in Scatophagus argus acclimated to different salinities were explored using proteomics techniques. The results showed that the regulation of sodium ion influx and efflux, as well as ATP synthesis, played crucial roles in the osmoregulatory process.
Review
Biology
Andrea Fuller, Duncan Mitchell, Shane K. Maloney, Robyn S. Hetem, Vinicius F. C. Fonseca, Leith C. R. Meyer, Tanja M. F. N. van de Ven, Edward P. Snelling
Summary: Mammals in drylands are challenged by increasing heat loads, reduced water and food availability due to climate change, which affects their ability to maintain body core temperature stability and adaptability. Behavioral changes need to be implemented to reduce risks and costs.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Manzer H. Siddiqui, M. Nasir Khan, Soumya Mukherjee, Saud Alamri, Riyadh A. Basahi, Abdullah A. Al-Amri, Qasi D. Alsubaie, Bander M. A. Al-Munqedhi, Hayssam M. Ali, Ibrahim A. A. Almohisen
Summary: The study demonstrates that exogenous potassium (K+) and endogenous hydrogen sulfide (H2S) work together to alleviate drought stress in tomato seedlings by regulating H+-ATPase activity, sugar metabolism, and redox balance. The crosstalk between K+ and H2S plays a crucial role in modulating drought stress tolerance in tomato seedlings, emphasizing the importance of maintaining K+ homeostasis through H+-ATPase activity.
PLANT CELL REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Imke Podbielski, Claas Hiebenthal, Mithra-Christin Hajati, Christian Bock, Markus Bleich, Frank Melzner
Summary: Low-salinity stress can severely affect the fitness of marine organisms. The organic osmolyte pool plays an important role in low-salinity acclimation, while inorganic osmolytes are involved in long-term cellular osmoregulation in most species.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Serena Mucciolo, Andrea Desiderato, Selene Miranda Leal, Maria Mastrodonato, Paulo Lana, Carolina Arruda Freire
Summary: This study evaluates the responses to salinity challenges in four species of neotropical annelids along a subtropical estuarine gradient. The responses of the four species were found to be compatible with their distribution along the estuarine gradient.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mona H. Soliman, Ghalia S. H. Alnusairi, Amir Abdullah Khan, Taghreed S. Alnusaire, Marwa A. Fakhr, Awatif M. Abdulmajeed, Heshmat S. Aldesuquy, Muhammad Yahya, Ullah Najeeb
Summary: In this study, a controlled environment experiment was conducted to investigate how the physiological changes in wheat leaves during the vegetative phase regulate the final grain yield in salt-affected soils. The study also explored the protective effects of amendments such as biochar and selenium-chitosan nanoparticles on salt-injured wheat plants. The results showed that salt stress caused cellular damage in the leaves, leading to reduced biomass production and grain yield loss. However, the addition of biochar and selenium-chitosan nanoparticles mitigated the salt-induced injury and restored ion balance and carbon assimilation in salt-stressed wheat plants.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Patricia Levasseur, Michael T. Jones, Barbara Brennessel, Robert Prescott, Mark Faherty, Chris Sutherland
Summary: The status, size, and density of Diamondback Terrapin populations along the Atlantic coast have been reported as unknown or declining. Using spatial capture-recapture (SCR) methods, the study presents the first application of SCR to analyze Diamondback Terrapins in two known activity areas in Massachusetts. The results show that detection of terrapins is influenced by survey effort, day of the season, tide cycle, time of tide, survey time relative to the tide, cloud cover, and windspeed. The study also found significant differences in density and space use between the two sites, as well as a female-biased sex ratio. This study demonstrates the usefulness of SCR methods in estimating population size and density, while providing insights into space use and detection in Diamondback Terrapins.
JOURNAL OF HERPETOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Imke Podbielski, Lara Schmittmann, Trystan Sanders, Frank Melzner
Summary: Salinity is a major factor affecting marine organisms. This study conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis on osmolytes in marine invertebrates acclimated to reduced salinity. The findings suggest that tissue concentrations of certain organic compounds and sodium are consistently reduced across different phyla, indicating the utilization of intracellular inorganic ions as a response system during acute exposure to low salinity stress. However, there are still research gaps in quantifying salinity-induced long-term changes in intracellular ion concentrations and compiling a complete intracellular osmolyte budget. Best-practice guidelines are suggested to better understand the mechanisms of salinity acclimation in marine invertebrates.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kimberly S. Ponce, Longbiao Guo, Yujia Leng, Lijun Meng, Guoyou Ye
Summary: Soil salinity poses a serious threat to rice production and understanding the biological processes and genes involved in rice response to salt stress is crucial for developing highly salt-tolerant cultivars. This review discusses the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance in rice and highlights functionally validated salt-responsive genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Muhammad Anwar-ul-Haq, Irfan Iftikhar, Javaid Akhtar, Muhammad Maqsood
Summary: Salt stress is a major problem affecting agricultural productivity worldwide, with 20% of arable lands and 33% of irrigated areas already affected by soil salinity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of osmolytes on soybean growth under salt stress. The results showed that supplementation of osmoprotectants, particularly 20 mM proline, improved soybean tolerance to salinity stress by enhancing growth, physiological response, antioxidant activity, and reducing lipid peroxidation. Among the genotypes tested, the Ajmeri genotype showed the most promising outcomes.
JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Faisal Zulfiqar, Muhammad Ashraf
Summary: Oxidative stress is common in plants growing under extreme environments, and proline plays a key role in helping plants alleviate this stress. Researchers are currently working on enhancing plant tolerance to oxidative stress by applying exogenous proline or transforming genes involved in proline metabolism.
JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION
(2023)
Article
Zoology
Andrew J. Heaton, Michael J. Archer, Christina Mohrman, Jonathan L. Pitchford
Summary: This article describes the decrease in nesting habitat length and the decrease in the number of nests for Diamondback terrapins in the Grand Bay area, possibly due to high erosion rates.
CHELONIAN CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Zoology
Richard D. Mercer, Tyler B. Devos, Liam S. Corcoran, Scott W. Buchanan, Kathryn A. Beauchamp, Madeleine H. Linck, Nancy E. Karraker
Summary: Diamondback Terrapins play a crucial role in Saltmarsh ecosystems and are of conservation concern worldwide. The destruction of nests by nocturnal mammalian predators is a major cause of terrapin egg mortality. We conducted a two-year study in Rhode Island to investigate the nesting ecology of Diamondback Terrapins and to test the effectiveness of a solar electric fence in protecting the nests. Our findings revealed that the presence of Northern Raccoons and Striped Skunks was strongly correlated with nest predation, suggesting their significant role as predators at our study site.
HERPETOLOGICAL CONSERVATION AND BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Katja J. Geiger, Julio Arrontes, Antonella Rivera, Consolacion Fernandez, Jorge Alvarez, Jose Luis Acuna
Summary: A two-year experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of Pollicipes pollicipes harvest on intertidal community structure and ecological diversity. The study found that intensive exploitation resulted in a decrease in P. pollicipes and Mytilus spp. coverage, while Chthamalus spp. and Corallina spp. increased. The recovery of P. pollicipes aggregations was slow and variable, but their coverage increased under non-extracted conditions.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Ecology
Daniel Castro Martignago, Leandro Godoy, Amanda Pereira Amaral, Guendalina Turcato Oliveira
Summary: This study evaluates the effects of bleaching on the oocytes of the Mussismilia harttii coral and investigates the strategies employed by these cells to maintain antioxidant balance and cellular homeostasis. The research finds that bleached coral oocytes experience lipid damage, but are still able to maintain their quality and potentially elongate their lifespan and fertilization capability. This response may be linked to an intensification of heterotrophy in bleached corals.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MARINE BIOLOGY AND ECOLOGY
(2024)