Article
Biology
Maha J. Cziesielski, Yi Jin Liew, Guoxin Cui, Manuel Aranda
Summary: The heat-stress tolerance of anemone hosts is improved only when they are closely compatible with their algal symbionts. The type of symbiont strongly influences oxidative stress and apoptosis responses, while the overall response to heat stress depends on the compatibility of both partners. The symbiotic relationship is highly fine-tuned towards specific partner combinations and heterologous host-symbiont combinations are less metabolically compatible under stress.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Guoxin Cui, Migle K. Konciute, Lorraine Ling, Luke Esau, Jean -Baptiste Raina, Baoda Han, Octavio R. Salazar, Jason S. Presnell, Nils Raedecker, Huawen Zhong, Jessica Menzies, Phillip A. Cleves, Yi Jin Liew, Cory J. Krediet, Val Sawiccy, Maha J. Cziesielski, Paul Guagliardo, Jeremy Bougoure, Mathieu Pernice, Heribert Hirt, Christian R. Voolstra, Virginia M. Weis, John R. Pringle, Manuel Aranda
Summary: Symbiotic cnidarians, such as corals and anemones, have evolved efficient molecular mechanisms for nutrient distribution and recycling in order to thrive in nutrient-poor ocean environments. Using the sea anemone Aiptasia, researchers have discovered that glucose and the presence of algae induce the up-regulation and relocalization of glucose and ammonium transporters, which are critical for symbiont functioning and organism-wide nitrogen assimilation. These findings provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying nitrogen conservation and recycling in symbiotic cnidarians.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Philipp A. Voss, Sebastian G. Gornik, Marie R. Jacobovitz, Sebastian Rupp, Melanie Doerr, Ira Maegele, Annika Guse
Summary: The mTOR signaling pathway plays a pivotal role in integrating symbiont-derived nutrients into host metabolism and symbiosis stability, allowing symbiotic cnidarians to thrive in challenging environments.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mikihiro Sugiura, Ko Yasumoto, Mariko Iijima, Yuya Oaki, Hiroaki Imai
Summary: The calcareous skeletons of stony corals consist of low-crystalline core and fibrous crystals. The formation of fibrous aragonite around the core is primarily regulated by abiotic environmental parameters. The coral's total mineralization is controlled by biological activities.
Article
Biology
Federica Scucchia, Assaf Malik, Paul Zaslansky, Hollie M. Putnam, Tali Mass
Summary: This research reveals that under decreased pH conditions, coral recruits undergo extensive physiological, morphological, and transcriptional changes, with stimulation of photosynthesis and endosymbiont growth, potentially linked to gene expression associated with photosynthates translocation.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Mu Zhao, Ting Li, Fan Yang, Xinyue Cui, Tingting Zou, Huanlu Song, Ye Liu
Summary: This study characterized the composition of volatile aroma compounds and key aroma-active compounds in dried Hanyuan Zanthoxylum bungeanum. The results identified several key aroma-active compounds such as myrcene and limonene.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Chao Han, Chaoqun Huang, Qinting Jiang, Li Chen, Yi Li, Chengjie Lou, Hailing Lu, Yan Shen
Summary: A novel and accurate method for the determination of folpet and phthalimide residues in tea has been developed, using solid-phase extraction combined with gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method proposes converting all folpet to phthalimide prior to sample extraction and purification, and utilizes an isotopic internal standard for quantification. The study confirms the accurate determination of phthalimide content and its conversion to folpet content.
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuejie Li, Xiangquan Zeng, Huanlu Song, Yu Xi, Yan Li, Bowen Hui, He Li, Jian Li
Summary: GC x GC-O-TOF-MS and GC-IMS have been increasingly used in complex food flavor analysis, but few studies have applied these techniques to identify the aroma components of tomato pastes. This study comprehensively characterized the aroma profiles of cold and hot break tomato pastes using SAFE-GC-O-MS, SAFE-GC x GC-O-TOF-MS, and HS-GC-IMS for the first time. A total of 274 volatile compounds were identified, which is far more than previously reported.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Katherine E. Dougan, Raul A. Gonzalez-Pech, Timothy G. Stephens, Sarah Shah, Yibi Chen, Mark A. Ragan, Debashish Bhattacharya, Cheong Xin Chan
Summary: Modern microbial taxonomy often relies on single or concatenated marker genes for classification. However, using whole-genome data can provide more accurate classification, especially for microbial eukaryotes.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yanqin Yang, Jialing Xie, Qiwei Wang, Yuliang Deng, Li Zhu, Jiayi Zhu, Haibo Yuan, Yongwen Jiang
Summary: This study comprehensively characterized the volatile and non-volatile compounds during black tea processing using volatolomics and UHPLC-Q-Exactive/MS analysis. The results showed that these metabolites changed continuously throughout the processing process, with significant changes during the withering stage. A total of 178 volatile metabolites and 103 non-volatile metabolites were identified, and 11 volatile components were identified as key aroma active components responsible for sweet aroma in finished black tea.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mieka Rinsky, Eviatar Weizman, Hiba Waldman Ben-Asher, Gal Eyal, Bokai Zhu, Oren Levy
Summary: Studying the gene expression patterns in different coral morphs, symbiotic and aposymbiotic, exposed to different light conditions, this study found circadian and circatidal cycles of gene expression in the coral Euphyllia paradivisa. The results suggest the existence of an endogenous clock in E. paradivisa, which can oscillate independently from the symbiotic algae's clock.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Christian R. Voolstra, David J. Suggett, Raquel S. Peixoto, John E. Parkinson, Kate M. Quigley, Cynthia B. Silveira, Michael Sweet, Erinn M. Muller, Daniel J. Barshis, David G. Bourne, Manuel Aranda
Summary: Anthropogenic climate change and environmental degradation are causing global degradation of coral reefs.
This Review explores how the natural adaptive capacity of coral holobionts can be utilized to combat the ongoing loss of coral reefs.
Emerging approaches such as standardized acute thermal stress assays, selective sexual propagation, coral probiotics, and environmental hardening show promise for feasible and scalable solutions.
NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Aiyou Huang, Hejing Shi, Ruoxuan Cui, Xiaoni Cai, Zhenyu Xie
Summary: A study has found that taurine can significantly promote the growth and photosynthesis efficiency of Symbiodinium sp., as well as positively affect its biomass and major metabolites. Taurine may also influence the metabolic pathways and transcription processes of Symbiodinium sp. through various mechanisms, while controlling the population density and initiating a series of response mechanisms.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Luise Carvalho Dias, Karina Santos Garcia, Antonio Fernando de Souza Queiroz, Maria Elisabete Machado
Summary: This study presents and validates a novel GC-MS/MS method for the determination of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic aromatic compounds in crude oils, showcasing its potential for fast, easy, and efficient quantitative analysis of N-markers.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zi-Feng Zhang, Jia-Cheng Chen, Ya-Xian Zhao, Lu Wang, Yu-Qian Teng, Ming-Hong Cai, Yan-Hui Zhao, Anatoly Nikolaev, Yi-Fan Li
Summary: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are toxic organic pollutants that have been widely detected in various regions and environmental matrices. However, not all PAHs are usually detected, and there is no established method to systematically analyze hundreds of PAHs. In this study, a gas chromatography-tandem triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) method was developed and successfully applied to identify and quantify 123 PAHs in marine samples.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katie E. Hillyer, Eric Raes, Kristen Karsh, Bronwyn Holmes, Andrew Bissett, David J. Beale
Summary: Estuaries are heavily impacted by human activities, particularly metal contaminants. A study on the metabolic effects of metal contaminants on benthic fauna found distinct metabolic signatures in different invertebrate taxa, correlating with environmental drivers. The approach combining metabolomics and traditional monitoring proved effective in detecting chronic metal exposure effects.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
David J. Beale, Katie Hillyer, Sandra Nilsson, Duncan Limpus, Utpal Bose, James A. Broadbent, Suzanne Vardy
Summary: This study utilized an omics-based ecosurveillance approach to investigate the impacts of PFAS pollution on freshwater turtles, revealing significantly higher concentrations of PFAS in the serum of impacted turtles with negative biochemical impacts. Further research on a larger turtle cohort is needed to establish adverse outcome pathways and improve risk assessment for populations exposed to PFAS mixtures.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Letter
Oncology
A. Cousins, O. Olivares, E. Markert, A. Manoharan, X. Bubnova, S. Bresolin, M. Degn, Z. Li, D. Silvestri, G. McGregor, S. Tumanov, D. Sumpton, J. J. Kamphorst, A. M. Michie, P. Herzyk, M. G. Valsecchi, A. E. Yeoh, K. Schmiegelow, G. te Kronnie, E. Gottlieb, C. Halsey
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katie E. Hillyer, Utpal Bose, James A. Broadbent, Andrew Bissett, David J. Beale
Summary: Legacy contamination from human use is a major concern for estuaries worldwide. This study utilizes multi-omics techniques and traditional sediment quality analysis to investigate the molecular and cellular responses of invertebrate communities in estuaries exposed to complex contaminants. The research provides insights into the different modes of toxicity and local adaptation to multiple pollutants in a complex estuarine environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Katie E. Hillyer, Eric Raes, Andrew Bissett, David J. Beale
Summary: The study characterized bacterial communities in a metal-contaminated estuary sediment using multiple methods, and found additional contamination in areas with high metal concentrations. The dominant bacterial phyla included Proteobacteria and Desulfobacteria, and high concentration areas were enriched with metabolically versatile and biofilm forming phyla. The results can be used to inform management decisions and predictive models.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Niv Vigder, Cacang Suarna, Leo Corcilius, James Nadel, Weiyu Chen, Richard Payne, Sergey Tumanov, Roland Stocker
Summary: Conversion of hydroethidine (HE) to 2-chloroethidium (2-Cl-E+) by myeloperoxidase (MPO)-derived hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a sensitive and specific method for measuring MPO chlorinating activity. However, the complex mixture of HE reaction products with HOCl poses challenges in purification. This study presents an improved method using a different chlorinating agent, N-chlorosuccinimide (NCS), and quantification of both 2-Cl-E+ and the major product 2-chlorohydroethidine (2-Cl-HE) for enhanced sensitivity.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weiyu Chen, Sergey Tumanov, Stephanie M. Y. Kong, David Cheng, Erik Michaeelsson, Andre Bongers, Carl Power, Anita Ayer, Roland Stocker
Summary: This study found that the pharmacological inhibition of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity with AZM198 can convert pre-existing unstable atherosclerotic lesions into stable plaques in a preclinical model. This highlights the potential therapeutic potency of MPO inhibition for high-risk patients and the development of novel protective strategies against cardiovascular diseases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Patrick A. Gladding, Maxine Cooper, Renee Young, Suzanne Loader, Kevin Smith, Erica Zarate, Saras Green, Silas G. Villas Boas, Phillip Shepherd, Purvi Kakadiya, Eric Thorstensen, Christine Keven, Margaret Coe, Mia Jullig, Edmond Zhang, Todd T. Schlegel
Summary: Multi-omics analysis revealed metabolic alterations in patients with heart failure and breath acetone measurement showed potential for distinguishing heart failure from other cardiac pathologies.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Weiyu Chen, Sergey Tumanov, Christopher P. Stanley, Stephanie M. Y. Kong, James Nadel, Niv Vigder, Darren L. Newington, Xiao Suo Wang, Louise L. Dunn, Roland Stocker
Summary: This study shows that deficiency of bilirubin is associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. In the experiments, mice deficient in bilirubin showed higher burden of atherosclerotic plaques, increased systemic oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and hyperlipidemia. Furthermore, the study found that bilirubin deficiency selectively enhanced neutrophil-mediated inflammation and destabilization of unstable plaques.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Limnology
Erik C. Krieger, Wendy A. Nelson, Johan Grand, Eric C. Le Ru, Sarah J. Bury, Amelie Cossais, Simon K. Davy, Christopher E. Cornwall
Summary: This study assesses the calcification physiology of five cool temperate coralline algae in response to different irradiance levels and finds that the enhancement of calcification rates is limited to lower irradiances. The study also suggests the existence of two calcification strategies and indicates that magnesium incorporation is determined by the magnesium to calcium ratio in the calcifying fluid.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Francesca Strano, Valerio Micaroni, Torsten Thomas, Lisa Woods, Simon K. Davy, James J. Bell
Summary: Marine heatwaves can have carryover effects on the larval microbiome, settlers growth rate, and metamorphosis duration of sponges. The microbial community of adult sponges changed significantly after exposure to heatwave conditions. Sponge larvae derived from heatwave-exposed sponges showed an increase in endosymbiotic bacteria. Settlers derived from heatwave-exposed sponges had a higher growth rate but delayed metamorphosis compared to settlers from control sponges.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ninna Granucci, Philip J. Harris, Silas G. Villas-Boas
Summary: This study analyzed the chemical composition of apple, orange, and carrot pomaces and found that dietary fiber was the most abundant component, mainly consisting of cellulose and pectin. In addition, soluble sugars were also major components of the pomaces. The study concluded that these food-grade pomaces have great potential for bioconversion into high-value-added products through microbial fermentation.
WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ian C. H. Lee, Sergey Tumanov, Jason W. H. Wong, Roland Stocker, Joshua W. K. Ho
Summary: Mass spectrometry-based untargeted metabolomic and lipidomic approaches are widely used in biomedical research. A sample extraction method called Multi-ABLE has been developed for concurrent generation of proteomic, metabolomic, and lipidomic data. However, there is a lack of a unified bioinformatics pipeline for processing and analysis of these data. A new R pipeline called MultiABLER is presented here as a unified and simple upstream processing and analysis pipeline for metabolomics and lipidomics datasets.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Melodie A. Lindsay, Ninna Granucci, David R. Greenwood, Silas G. Villas-Boas
Summary: Natural sources of flavor and aroma compounds are in high demand, but traditional sources are often insufficient to meet global consumer demand. Fermentation offers a favorable method for producing natural flavors and fragrances. A study investigated the fermentative potential of a non-Saccharomyces yeast, Brettanomyces bruxellensis, for producing flavor and aroma metabolites from juice industry by-products. Submerged solid-substrate fermentations were conducted without nutrient supplementation. The compound phenylethyl alcohol, which contributes to the fragrance of roses, was successfully extracted at a yield of 2.68 g/kg wet carrot pomace weight, providing a novel and natural production strategy compared to traditional steam distillation methods.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Horticulture
Roberto Berni, Jean-Francois Hausman, Silas Villas-Boas, Gea Guerriero
Summary: Salinity negatively affects plant growth and development. Textile hemp shows salt stress sensitivity in a genotype- and developmental stage-dependent manner. In this study, the effects of a Pseudomonas isolate on salt-stressed hemp were investigated, and the application of both living and dead bacteria had impacts on root biomass and stress-related gene expression. These findings provide insights for future research on enhancing hemp's resilience to exogenous stresses through the use of Pseudomonas sp. SVB-B33 and silica.