期刊
JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
卷 28, 期 1, 页码 205-222出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jeb.12557
关键词
Amphiprion leucokranos; asymmetric behavioural isolation; reproductive barrier; size-based hierarchy; unidirectional introgression
资金
- Sea World Research and Rescue Foundation grant
- College of Marine and Environmental Sciences at James Cook University
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies
Hybridization is an important evolutionary process, with ecological and behavioural factors influencing gene exchange between hybrids and parent species. Patterns of hybridization in anemonefishes may result from living in highly specialized habitats and breeding status regulated by size-based hierarchal social groups. Here, morphological, ecological and genetic analyses in Kimbe Bay, Papua New Guinea, examine the hybrid status of Amphiprion leucokranos, a nominal species and presumed hybrid between Amphiprion sandaracinos and Amphiprion chrysopterus. We test the hypothesis that habitat use and relative size differences of the parent species and hybrids determine the patterns of gene exchange. There is strong evidence that A.leucokranos is a hybrid of smaller A.sandaracinos and larger A.chrysopterus, where A.chrysopterus is exclusively the mother to each hybrid, based on mtDNA cytochrome b and multiple nDNA microsatellite loci. Overlap in habitat, depth and host anemone use was found, with hybrids intermediate to parents and cohabitation in over 25% of anemones sampled. Hybrids, intermediate in body size, colour and pattern, were classified 55% of the time as morphologically first-generation hybrids relative to parents, whereas 45% of hybrids were more A.sandaracinos-like, suggesting backcrossing. Unidirectional introgression of A.chrysopterus mtDNA into A.sandaracinos via hybrid backcrosses was found, with larger female hybrids and small male A.sandaracinos mating. Potential nDNA introgression was also evident through distinct intermediate hybrid genotypes penetrating both parent species. Findings support the hypothesis that anemonefish hierarchical behaviour, habitat use and species-specific size differences determine how hybrids form and the evolutionary consequences of hybridization.
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