Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Mate Kozma, Mariann Bombicz, Balazs Varga, Daniel Priksz, Rudolf Gesztelyi, Vera Tarjanyi, Rita Kiss, Reka Szekeres, Barbara Takacs, Akos Menes, Jozsef Balla, Gyorgy Balla, Judit Szilvassy, Zoltan Szilvassy, Bela Juhasz
Summary: Impaired mitochondrial function is associated with metabolic diseases and cardiovascular diseases. The BGP-15 derivative of vitamin B3 shows therapeutic potential in improving cardiac function and protecting mitochondrial respiration.
Article
Microbiology
Michael S. Robeson, Kanishka Manna, Christopher Randolph, Stephanie Byrum, Reza Hakkak
Summary: Obesity is the leading cause of health-related diseases globally. This study investigated the effects of short-term metformin treatment on the gut microbiota profile in an obese rat model. The results showed that short-term metformin treatment altered the composition of the gut microbiota, particularly the Bacteroides species, in obese rats.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rentong Zou, Chaoqun Nie, Shuang Pan, Bin Wang, Xiaojian Hong, Shuiqing Xi, Juncai Bai, Mengshu Yu, Jiaren Liu, Wei Yang
Summary: Hydrogen inhalation attenuates diabetic cardiomyopathy by reducing pyroptosis and fibrosis, and the combination of hydrogen and metformin exhibits a more potent cardioprotective effect.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Claudia Richter, Rabea Hinkel
Summary: Research on diabetic cardiomyopathy relies heavily on animal models, particularly transgenic rodent models. While these models have advantages in terms of genetic traceability and direct measurable effects, they also face challenges in clinical relevance. Other spontaneous diabetes models in larger mammals like dogs and pigs could be more representative for testing translational approaches.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yann Huey Ng, Regis R. Lamberts, Peter P. Jones, Ivan A. Sammut, Gary M. Diffee, Gerard T. Wilkins, James C. Baldi
Summary: This study found that impaired contractility in the diabetic heart is not caused by mishandling of calcium ion, suggesting that other factors, such as myofilament proteins, play a significant role in diabetic heart dysfunction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amal F. Dawood, Norah M. Alzamil, Peter W. Hewett, Maha A. Momenah, Mohammad Dallak, Samaa S. Kamar, Dina H. Abdel Kader, Hanaa Yassin, Mohamed A. Haidara, Amro Maarouf, Bahjat Al-Ani
Summary: In this study, it was found that diabetes-induced cardiac injuries in rats were associated with dysregulation of desmin and sarcomeres, as well as the iNOS/mTOR/TIMP-1/collagen axis of fibrosis. Metformin showed beneficial effects on these cardiac injuries.
Article
Neurosciences
Seong-Joon Lee, Bok Seon Yoon, Ji Man Hong, Eun-Hye Joe, Jin Soo Lee
Summary: The combination of metformin and evogliptin reduced cerebral infarct volume and improved glycemic control in diabetic rats. It also decreased methylglyoxal-modified protein levels and increased p-Akt levels in the ischemic core. Further research on these protective mechanisms against focal cerebral ischemia in diabetes patients is warranted.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Weikun Jia, Tao Bai, Jiang Zeng, Zijing Niu, Daogui Fan, Xin Xu, Meiling Luo, Peijian Wang, Qingliang Zou, Xiaozhen Dai
Summary: The combination therapy of metformin and atorvastatin showed superior protective effects against diabetic cardiomyopathy by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammation, as well as reducing apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. This effect may be related to the activation of AMPK/SIRT1 signaling pathway.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Marcia Spoelder, Yami Bright, Martine C. Morrison, Veerle van Kempen, Lilian de Groodt, Malvina Begalli, Nikita Schuijt, Eva Kruiger, Ronald Bulthuis, Gabriele Gross, Robert Kleemann, Janna A. van Diepen, Judith R. Homberg, Giovanni Cirillo
Summary: Increased insulin levels may contribute to the development of neural circuits involved in cognition, while chronic mild inflammation may lead to cognitive impairment. This study investigated whether cognition is affected during adolescence in a genetic rat model for obesity and type 2 diabetes. The results showed that adolescent obese rats displayed enhanced cognition despite their early diabetic profile.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Samira Aouichat, Miguel Navarro-Alarcon, Pablo Alarcon-Guijo, Diego Salagre, Marwa Ncir, Lazhar Zourgui, Ahmad Agil
Summary: The study demonstrated that melatonin can play a renoprotective role by suppressing ER stress and the pro-apoptotic IRE1α/JNK signaling pathway.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Esther Garcia-Diez, Maria Elvira Lopez-Oliva, Alicia Caro-Vadillo, Francisco Perez-Vizcaino, Jara Perez-Jimenez, Sonia Ramos, Maria Angeles Martin
Summary: Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a major cause of death among diabetic patients. Oxidative stress and inflammation play key roles in its development. Dietary flavonoids have strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and their combination with antidiabetic drugs has potential benefits. This study found that a cocoa-carob blend diet, rich in flavonoids, can prevent cardiac remodeling and dysfunction in diabetic animals, and its effects are further improved when used in combination with metformin.
Review
Physiology
Andrea N. Wang, Joselia Carlos, Graham M. Fraser, John J. McGuire
Summary: This review discusses the usage of Zucker Diabetic-Sprague Dawley (ZDSD) rat in diabetes, including prediabetes, obesity, and metabolic syndrome research, and emphasizes the importance for researchers to choose appropriate preclinical models that accurately mimic human type 2 diabetes and to be aware of limitations in experimental design.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maya Dia, Christelle Leon, Stephanie Chanon, Nadia Bendridi, Ludovic Gomez, Jennifer Rieusset, Helene Thibault, Melanie Paillard
Summary: Despite its cardioprotective role, metformin is not sufficient to delay the progression to early DCM.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Aida Doostkam, Hossein Mirkhani, Kamyar Iravani, Saied Karbalay-Doust, Kazem Zarei
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of rutin in treating diabetic auditory neuropathy in an experimental rat model. Results showed significant improvements in auditory neuropathy in rats treated with rutin, indicating its potential as a treatment modality for this condition. Further trials are needed to confirm its clinical application.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stepan Melnyk, Reza Hakkak
Summary: Excessive weight and obesity are major risk factors for chronic diseases, including diabetes. Metformin, a medication commonly used for diabetes, has been found to significantly improve complications associated with the disease. In this study, metabolomics was used to analyze the effects of metformin on lean and obese Zucker rats, revealing both positive and negative impacts on different rat groups.