4.8 Article

Anisotropy analysis of ultra-fine grain graphite and pyrolytic carbon

期刊

CARBON
卷 60, 期 -, 页码 410-420

出版社

PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbon.2013.04.054

关键词

-

资金

  1. United States Department of Energy under NERI [FC07-06ID14732]
  2. Idaho National Laboratory [DE-AC07-05ID14517]
  3. ORNL's Shared Research Equipment (ShaRE) User Program
  4. Office of Basic Energy Sciences, the U.S. Department of Energy
  5. NSF [DMR-0315633]
  6. University of Michigan College of Engineering

向作者/读者索取更多资源

This paper presents the development of an analysis technique and software program to quantify the anisotropy of pyrolytic carbon or ultra-fine grain graphite using selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns from a transmission electron microscope. Results serve as-input to a computer program that calculates the Bacon anisotropy factor (BAF) and orientation parameter (R). This was achieved by analyzing the SAED patterns to determine the full width half maximum of the two peaks on the (0001) diffraction ring, converting the SAED data into the same format as the X-ray data and then calculating the BAF and R. The methodology of calculating the BAF and R values from the SAED patterns was confirmed by comparing the calculated values with the BAF values resulting from ellipsometry measurements on two identical isotropic pyrolytic carbon (PyC) samples and resulted in a difference of less than 0.26%, while measurements on an anisotropic turbostratic pyrolytic carbon showed almost a 40% difference which may be due to the larger planar spacing changing the extraordinary refractive index and extraordinary extinction coefficient. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

作者

我是这篇论文的作者
点击您的名字以认领此论文并将其添加到您的个人资料中。

评论

主要评分

4.8
评分不足

次要评分

新颖性
-
重要性
-
科学严谨性
-
评价这篇论文

推荐

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Effect of radiation damage and water radiolysis on corrosion of FeCrAl alloys in hydrogenated water

Peng Wang, Slavica Grdanovska, David M. Bartels, Gary S. Was

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS (2020)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Understanding bubble and void nucleation in dual ion irradiated T91 steel using single parameter experiments

Stephen Taller, Gary S. Was

ACTA MATERIALIA (2020)

Article Instruments & Instrumentation

A methodology for customizing implantation profiles of light ions using a single thin foil energy degrader

Stephen Taller, Fabian Naab, Gary S. Was

NUCLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSICS RESEARCH SECTION B-BEAM INTERACTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS (2020)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Microstructural characterization of cold-worked 316 stainless steel flux thimble tubes irradiated up to 100 dpa in a commercial Pressurized Water Reactor

Miao Song, Kevin G. Field, Richard M. Cox, Gary S. Was

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS (2020)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Determination of preferential binder oxidation in HTGR matrix material subjected to high temperature steam

Katherine I. Montoya, Cole J. Moczygemba, Brian A. Brigham, Tyler L. Spano, Anne A. Campbell, Tyler J. Gerczak, Elizabeth S. Sooby

Summary: This study investigates the microstructural characterization of graphitic matrix material after exposure to high temperature and steam in high temperature gas reactor designs, revealing nonuniform degradation. The preferential oxidation of the phenolic resin binder ahead of the graphite flake filler under off-normal conditions is responsible for the enhanced depth of attack.

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS (2021)

Article Nuclear Science & Technology

Neutron thermalization in nuclear graphite: A modern story of a classic moderator

Iyad I. Al-Qasir, Yongqiang Cheng, Jiao Y. Y. Lin, Anne A. Campbell, G. Sala, Kemal Ramic, Fahima F. Islam, Abdallah Qteish, Barry Marsden, Douglas L. Abernathy, Matthew B. Stone

Summary: This study focuses on the thermal neutron scattering of two types of nuclear graphite with different microstructures, demonstrating excellent agreement between experimental and computational results, and significant improvement in the calculated scattering functions and cross-sections.

ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY (2021)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Synergies between H, He and radiation damage in dual and triple ion irradiation of candidate fusion blanket materials

Logan N. Clowers, Zhijie Jiao, Gary S. Was

Summary: Three ferritic/martensitic alloys were irradiated with single, dual, and triple ion beams to study cavity evolution. Co-injection of hydrogen with helium increased cavity number density and size, leading to higher swelling. F82H alloy exhibited the lowest swelling due to high sink strength, while CNA3 alloy showed higher swelling than F82H due to lower sink strength caused by precipitation dissolution.

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Multiscale characterization and comparison of historical and modern nuclear graphite grades

Jose David Arregui-Mena, Robert N. Worth, William Bodel, Benjamin Maerz, Wenjing Li, Anne A. Campbell, Ercan Cakmak, Nidia Gallego, Cristian Contescu, Philip D. Edmondson

Summary: This article presents a detailed examination of the heterogeneity, microstructure, and pore structure of different graphite grades and their binder and filler phases using various microscopy and analytical techniques. Significant differences were found between coarser and finer grades, and a framework for assessing materials is proposed.

MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION (2022)

Article Nuclear Science & Technology

Texture analysis of AGR program matrix materials

Tyler J. Gerczak, Anne A. Campbell, Grant W. Helmreich, Gerald E. Jellison Jr, John D. Hunn

Summary: The fuel form of high-temperature gas-cooled reactors consists of TRISO particles embedded in a matrix of graphite flake and carbonized resin. The texture of the graphite flake may impact the properties and performance of the fuel.

NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN (2022)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Ion irradiation induced amorphization of precipitates in Zircaloy

J. Bowman, P. Wang, G. S. Was, M. Bachhav, A. T. Motta

Summary: Samples of Zircaloy-4 were ion irradiated at various doses and temperatures to study the amorphization and dissolution behavior of second-phase precipitates. The results showed that similar amorphization morphology occurred under proton irradiation as under neutron irradiation near the critical temperature for amorphization. However, the rate of amorphous layer advancement was slower under proton irradiation and did not lead to complete amorphization. The critical temperature for bulk amorphization primarily depended on the displacement cascade density achievable with the irradiating particle and secondarily with dose rate.

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS (2022)

Article Multidisciplinary Sciences

SEM and TEM data of nuclear graphite and glassy carbon microstructures

Jose David Arregui-Mena, Robert N. Worth, William Bodel, Benjamin Maerz, Wenjing Li, Aaron Selby, Anne A. Campbell, Cristian Contescu, Philip D. Edmondson, Nidia Gallego

Summary: Micrographs of multiple nuclear graphite grades captured using SEM and TEM complement the data in the related manuscript. SEM images show differences in filler particles, binder, and thermal cracks in nuclear graphite. This microstructure library serves as a baseline and helps understand the phases and differences between nuclear grades. TEM images clarify the content of quinoline insoluble (QI) particles in the binder phase, serving as a forensic fingerprint of neutron irradiation effects. The manuscript also includes data on glassy carbon, which shares similarities with chaotic structures in nuclear graphite. Together, these micrographs provide a detailed overview of graphite microstructures prior to neutron irradiation.

DATA IN BRIEF (2023)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Understanding the effect of specimen size on the properties of fine-grain isotropic nuclear graphite for irradiation studies: Physical, electrical, thermal properties

Anne A. Campbell, Mary A. Snead, Yutai Katoh

Summary: Programs at Oak Ridge National Laboratory are examining the impact of neutron irradiation in the HFIR on fine-grain nuclear graphites. The study explored whether smaller specimens can reliably determine physical and thermal properties. It was found that the size of the specimens had minimal influence on the measured properties, and even when size did affect the values, the consequences could be accounted for in post-irradiation results. This research demonstrated the suitability of using subsized specimens for property measurements in fine-grain isotropic graphite.

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS (2023)

Article Materials Science, Multidisciplinary

Understanding the effect of specimen size on the properties of fine-grain isotropic nuclear graphite for irradiation studies: Mechanical properties

Anne A. Campbell, Andrew A. Wereszczak, Mary A. Snead, Yutai Katoh

Summary: Programs at Oak Ridge National Laboratory are studying the effects of neutron irradiation on nuclear graphites in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR). Subsized specimens were used in the HFIR flux trap, and the study aimed to determine if these smaller specimens can reliably predict strength behavior. The results showed that the strength of the specimens was loosely related to their volume, with slightly higher strength in compression specimens with larger volumes. The study suggests that fine-grain graphite behaves more like ceramics and machining has a similar effect on its strength.

JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS (2023)

Review Chemistry, Physical

???????Review: Inelastic Constitutive Modeling: Polycrystalline Materials

Mirza Baig, Josiah Owusu-Danquah, Anne A. Campbell, Stephen F. Duffy

Summary: This article provides a comprehensive review of the development of inelastic constitutive modeling in polycrystalline materials. It explores different models that account for nonlinear behavior at the microstructural level, including classic plasticity models and unified models. The article emphasizes the theoretical framework of unified viscoplasticity models and highlights the advantages of this approach in improving material modeling. It also discusses recent topics in constitutive modeling that bridge the gap between microstructure and continuum.

MATERIALS (2023)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Dendritic growth lowers carbon electrode work function for efficient perovskite solar cells

Jie Sheng, Jingshan He, Dun Ma, Yuanbo Wang, Wu Shao, Tian Ding, Ronghao Cen, Jingwen He, Zhihao Deng, Wenjun Wu

Summary: This study presents an innovative approach to improve the photovoltaic conversion characteristics and stability of perovskite solar cells through carbon electrode interface modification. By in-situ polymerization and carbonization on the surface of nano-graphite, a dendritic structure carbon electrode is formed, reducing the work function and aligning the energy levels with perovskite. This leads to improved charge and hole collection efficiency, resulting in increased photovoltaic conversion efficiency. Furthermore, the modified carbon electrode-based perovskite solar cells exhibit exceptional stability, maintaining high efficiency even without encapsulation.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

High-performance epoxy nanocomposites via constructing a rigid-flexible interface with graphene oxide functionalized by polyetheramine and f-SiO2

Guodong Shi, Jian Song, Xiaoxiao Tian, Tongtong Liu, Zhanjun Wu

Summary: This study demonstrates the improvement of mechanical properties and reduction of coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) in graphene oxide (GO)/epoxy (EP) nanocomposites by enhancing the interface between GO and EP through functionalization and incorporating rigid-flexible interphases. The results reveal that the SiO2-PEA-GO hybrid exhibits better strengthening and toughening effects, as well as lower CTE, compared to the PEA-GO hybrid due to the presence of rigid-flexible interfaces with higher bonding strength and better energy dissipation mechanisms. Additionally, the nanocomposites with longer polyetheramine (PEA) molecules in the rigid-flexible interphases demonstrate higher strength and toughness, while maintaining a lower CTE. This work provides a promising strategy for constructing adjustable flexible-rigid interfacial structures and offers potential in developing GO/EP nanocomposites with high mechanical properties and low CTE.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

A facile route to the synthesis of carbon replicas cast from narrow-mesoporous matrices

Rafal Janus, Sebastian Jarczewski, Jacek Jagiello, Piotr Natkanski, Mariusz Wadrzyk, Marek Lewandowski, Marek Michalik, Piotr Kustrowski

Summary: In this study, a facile procedure for the synthesis of CMK-1 and CMK-2 carbon replicas was developed. The method utilizes basic laboratory equipment and a renewable carbon source, and operates under mild conditions. The resulting carbon mesostructures exhibit exquisite replication fidelity and structural homogeneity, making them suitable for applications in various fields.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Microstructure and energetic characteristics of direct ink printed polymer-free rGO/nanothermite aerogel

Anqi Wang, Connor J. MacRobbie, Alex Baranovsky, Jean-Pierre Hickey, John Z. Wen

Summary: In this study, a novel polymer-free nanothermite aerogel with a wide range of nanoparticle loading was fabricated via a new additive manufacturing process. The SEM images showed a unique porous structure formed by extra thin rGO sheets, wrapping individual nanothermite clusters. The DSC-TGA results and high-speed combustion videos confirmed the enhanced energetic performance of the printed specimen.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

A solar-driven interfacial evaporator for seawater desalination based on mussel-inspired superhydrophobic composite coating

Wanze Wu, Misheng Zhao, Shiwei Miao, Xiaoyan Li, Yongzhong Wu, Xiao Gong, Hangxiang Wang

Summary: Superhydrophobic solar-driven interfacial evaporator is an energy-efficient technology for seawater desalination, which is easily fabricated using robust photothermal superhydrophobic coating and substrate. The created bifunctional coating on the melamine sponge substrate shows stable and highly efficient photothermal and superhydrophobic performance for seawater desalination. This superhydrophobic solar-driven interfacial evaporator is expected to have wide applications in seawater desalination.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Bead-like flexible ZIF-67-derived Co@Carbon composite nanofibre mat for wideband microwave absorption in C-band

Zichen Xiang, Zhi Song, Tiansheng Wang, Menghang Feng, Yijing Zhao, Qitu Zhang, Yi Hou, Lixi Wang

Summary: This study presents a co-electrospinning synthesis strategy to fabricate lightweight and porous Co@C composite nanofibres with wideband microwave attenuation capacity. The addition of MOF-derived Co additives enhances the low-frequency absorption performance.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

A perovskite-graphene device for X-ray detection

J. Snow, C. Olson, E. Torres, K. Shirley, E. Cazalas

Summary: This study investigates the use of a perovskite-based graphene field effect transistor (P-GFET) device for X-ray detection. The sensitivity and responsivity of the device were found to be influenced by factors such as X-ray tube voltage, current, and source-drain voltage. Simulation experiments were conducted to determine the dose rate and energy incident on the device during irradiation.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Microporous carbon prepared by microwave pyrolysis of scrap tyres and the effect of K+ in its structure on xylene adsorption

Zuzana Jankovska, Lenka Matejova, Jonas Tokarsky, Pavlina Peikertova, Milan Dopita, Karolina Gorzolkova, Dominika Habermannova, Michal Vastyl, Jakub Belik

Summary: This study provides new insights into microwave-assisted pyrolysis of scrap tyres, demonstrating that it can produce microporous carbon black with potential application in xylene adsorption. Compared to conventional pyrolysis, microwave pyrolysis requires less time and energy while maintaining similar adsorption capacity.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Ambipolar charge transfer of larger fullerenes enabled by the modulated surface potential of h-BN/Rh(111)

Max Bommert, Bruno Schuler, Carlo A. Pignedoli, Roland Widmer, Oliver Groning

Summary: A detailed understanding of the interaction between molecules and two-dimensional materials is crucial for incorporating functional molecular films into next-generation 2D material-organic hybrid devices. This study compares the energy level alignment of different-sized fullerenes on a Moire superstructure and finds that C-84 fullerenes can be either neutral or negatively charged depending on slight variations of the electrostatic potential. This discovery suggests a new path to achieve ambipolar charge transfer without overcoming the electronic gap of fullerenes.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Flexible SiO2/rGO aerogel for wide-angle broadband microwave absorption

Yuanjing Cheng, Xianxian Sun, Ye Yuan, Shuang Yang, Yuanhao Ning, Dan Wang, Weilong Yin, Yibin Li

Summary: The dual-structure aerogel (GS) consisting of flexible silica fibers and graphene honeycomb structures exhibits excellent resilience, flexibility, and reliability. It also shows remarkable wave absorbing performance, making it an ideal candidate for microwave absorption applications such as flexible electronics and aerospace.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

In situ self-adaptive growth of graphene coatings on hard substrates via competitive NiCo catalysis reaction

Shuyu Fan, Yinong Chen, Shu Xiao, Kejun Shi, Xinyu Meng, Songsheng Lin, Fenghua Su, Yifan Su, Paul K. Chu

Summary: Graphene coatings are promising solid lubrication materials due to their mechanical properties. This study presents a new method for in situ deposition of high-quality graphene coatings on hard substrates using NiCo solid solution and competitive reaction strategies. The graphene coating deposited on substrates with deep NiCo solid solution demonstrates superior low-friction and durability.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

Monodispersed semiconducting SWNTs significantly enhanced the thermoelectric performance of regioregular poly(3-dodecylthiophene) films

Mengdi Wang, Sanyin Qu, Yanling Chen, Qin Yao, Lidong Chen

Summary: The improved thermoelectric properties of conducting polymers are achieved by selectively capturing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) in a conducting polymer film, leading to increased carrier mobility and reduced thermal conductivity. The resulting composite film exhibits significantly higher electrical conductivity and lower thermal conductivity compared to films with a mixture of SWNTs. This work provides a convenient and efficient method to enhance the thermoelectric properties of conducting polymers.

CARBON (2024)

Review Chemistry, Physical

Component optimization and microstructure design of carbon nanotube-based microwave absorbing materials: A review

Heng Wei, Weihua Li, Kareem Bachagha

Summary: This article reviews the research progress of carbon nanotube-based microwave absorbing materials (MAMs) in recent years, covering the fundamental theory, design strategies, synthesis methods, and future development directions.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

MXene-based polymer brushes decorated with small-sized Ag nanoparticles enabled high-performance lithium host for stable lithium metal battery

Chenguang Shi, Junlong Huang, Zongheng Cen, Tan Yi, Shaohong Liu, Ruowen Fu

Summary: This study developed a high-performance Li metal host material, which achieved dendrite-free Li deposition with a low nucleation overpotential and high Coulombic efficiencies through the combination of Ti3C2-g-PV4P sheets and Ag nanoparticles. The full cells assembled with the Li@host anode and LiFePO4 cathode exhibited high discharge capacity and excellent cycling stability, demonstrating a perspective design for future energy storage devices.

CARBON (2024)

Article Chemistry, Physical

A stable full cell having high energy density realized by using a three-dimensional current collector of carbon nanotubes and partial prelithiation of silicon monoxide

Tomotaro Mae, Kentaro Kaneko, Hiroki Sakurai, Suguru Noda

Summary: A new partial prelithiation method for SiO/C-CNT electrodes was developed, which showed reduced irreversible capacity and achieved high energy densities with good reversibility. The method allows for precise control of the degree of prelithiation and is applicable to various chemistries.

CARBON (2024)