Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Weijiao Zhang, Ruirui Xu, Xuerong Jin, Yang Wang, Litao Hu, Tianmeng Zhang, Guocheng Du, Zhen Kang
Summary: In this study, enzymatic strategies for producing homogeneous chondroitin oligosaccharides (o-CHs) and its sulfate derivatives from microbial sourced chondroitin were reported. The enzymatic approaches showed high conversion rates and pave the way for the study of structure-activity relationship and applications.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Wei Zhang, Jikang Han, Zhiwen Jiang, Yanfei Peng, Xiaorui Sun, Baoqin Han
Summary: In this study, CS oligosaccharides (CSOs) were enzymatically prepared and their therapeutic potential for postmenopausal osteoporosis was explored. The results showed that CS and CSOs could effectively alleviate osteoporosis induced by ovariectomy in rats. CSOs exhibited a more significant alleviating effect compared to CS. These findings suggest that CSOs have great potential as daily interventions for delaying the progression of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Saber Shakibi, Patrick R. R. Onck, Erik van der Giessen
Summary: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are polysaccharides that play crucial roles in biological processes. They are important structural components of cartilage and the extracellular matrix of the brain. Coarse-grained modeling is essential due to the large size of GAGs.
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL THEORY AND COMPUTATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kento Shionoya, Takehiro Suzuki, Mako Takada, Kazuki Sato, Shoichi Onishi, Naoshi Dohmae, Koichiro Nishino, Takeshi Wada, Robert J. Linhardt, Toshihiko Toida, Kyohei Higashi
Summary: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of cartilage in the heads of 10 bony fishes, including sturgeon and salmon. The results revealed that the structure of chondroitin sulfate (CS) in sturgeons and salmon differed from other bony fishes, and aggrecan was identified as the major core protein in all bony fish head cartilage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Hao Wang, Lin Zhang, Yang Wang, Jianghua Li, Guocheng Du, Zhen Kang
Summary: Structure-guided and sequence-assisted combinatorial engineering approaches were successfully applied to improve the thermal resistance of Proteus vulgaris csABC I, leading to the establishment of an enzymatic approach for the preparation of specifically distributed LMW-CS.
BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Gustavo J. Cavallero, Yan Wang, Charles Nwosu, Sheng Gu, Muthuraman Meiyappan, Joseph Zaia
Summary: Recombinant protein engineering design affects therapeutic properties including protein efficacy, safety, and immunogenicity. Glycosylation modulates glycoprotein therapeutic pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and effector functions. NanoHILIC-MS is advantageous in elucidating glycan features on glycotherapeutics that fail to be detected using traditional methods.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiumin Sun, Haiqian Liu, Zan Tan, Yuhui Hou, Mao Pang, Shengfeng Chen, Longyou Xiao, Qiuju Yuan, Bin Liu, Limin Rong, Liumin He
Summary: In this study, a functional self-assembling peptide (F-SAP) hydrogel loaded with membrane-permeable intracellular sigma peptide (ISP) and intracellular LAR peptide (ILP) was used to bridge the fluid-filled cystic cavity formed after spinal cord injury. Compared to previous methods, this approach promotes a beneficial anti-inflammatory response and improves functional recovery.
Review
Cell Biology
Anthony J. Hayes, James Melrose
Summary: Chondroitin sulfate plays crucial roles in cell regulation and structural support in the central and peripheral nervous systems, controlling tissue function and homeostasis, and playing key roles in tissue recovery following neural injuries.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Makoto Takashima, Ippei Watanabe, Akimasa Miyanaga, Tadashi Eguchi
Summary: cABC-I exhibits the highest reactivity to CSA and CSC among all CS isomers, with a higher kcat/Km for CSA. The crystal structures revealed the interaction between Arg500 and 4-O-sulfated and 6-O-sulfated GalNAc residues, suggesting a higher affinity for CSA due to the closer distance between Arg500 and the 4-O-sulfate group. These findings provide insight into the pharmacological action of cABC-I in treating lumbar disc herniation.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chao Li, Zheng Zhang, Yu Peng, Yanying Zhang, Wanrong Kang, Yingdong Li, Yang Hai
Summary: The study found that oxygen-glucose deprivation and TGF beta 1 stimulation induced myofibroblast transformation and C4S synthesis in vitro, and this response was mediated via cooperation between canonical Smad3 and mTORC1 signaling. Inhibiting myofibroblast transformation may reduce C4S synthesis, providing insight into the regeneration of sympathetic nerves and reduction of fibrosis after myocardial infarction at the cellular level.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
A. Matsuyama, A. A. Kalargyrou, A. J. Smith, R. R. Ali, R. A. Pearson
Summary: The expression patterns of Chondroitin Sulphate Proteoglycans (CSPGs) in retinal degeneration are not well understood, but are recognized to play a crucial role in neuronal regrowth and regeneration. This study provides a comprehensive atlas of the expression patterns of individual CSPGs in different models of retinal degeneration, revealing significant heterogeneity in their expression. The findings suggest that better understanding the distribution of individual CSPGs can contribute to creating a more permissive microenvironment for neuro-regeneration and repair.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Fredrik Noborn, Mahnaz Nikpour, Andrea Persson, Jonas Nilsson, Goran Larson
Summary: Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans are a type of proteoglycan found on cell surfaces and in connective tissues, interacting with proteins involved in various pathophysiological processes. Recent advances in glycoproteomic methods have allowed for the identification of numerous novel chondroitin sulfate core proteins and attachment sites in humans and animal models, revealing greater structural complexity of CSPGs than previously perceived. These findings may challenge traditional notions of defining proteoglycans based on function or structural evidence.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hidenori Suzuki, Takashi Sakai
Summary: Chronic spinal cord injury is a devastating condition with significant neurological deficits and socio-economic burdens. Symptomatic management is currently the main approach, but innovative regenerative strategies involving stem cells and other supportive drugs show promise in accelerating the pathway from bench to bedside. Future therapies targeting persistent barriers to regeneration, such as glial scarring and immunorejection, will likely require a combination of stem cells and synergistic approaches.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Jia-xin Hao, Qian-qian Wan, Zhao Mu, Jun-ting Gu, Wei-wei Yu, Wen Qin, Yu-tao Li, Chen-yu Wang, Yu-xuan Ma, Kai Jiao, Franklin Tay, Lina Niu
Summary: Chondroitin sulfate (CS) is found to induce mineralization of the collagen matrix, suggesting its potential role in bone tissue repair and biomineralization. The mineralization outcome depends on whether CS is in a free state or bound to core proteins, and it is enhanced with higher CS concentration. These findings shed light on the therapeutic target for diseases associated with heterotopic calcification and the applications of CS in tissue engineering.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zijuan Yu, Dawei Yu, Junli Dong, Wenshui Xia
Summary: This study investigated the polyelectrolyte complexation between chitosan and chondroitin sulfate, as well as the ultrasonication assistance, for the encapsulation of proanthocyanidin in nanoparticles. The optimal conditions for the preparation of nanoparticles were determined to be 1.5 mg/mL of chitosan and chondroitin sulfate, a 1:3 wt ratio of chitosan/chondroitin sulfate, 0.5 mg/mL of proanthocyanidin, pH 3.25, and 1 min of ultrasonic treatment. The resulting nanoparticles had a small size of approximately 300 nm and high entrapment efficiency of 37.5%. The incorporation of proanthocyanidin-encapsulated nanoparticles into chitosan bio-films decreased the bacterial count and lipid oxidation of stored fillets, demonstrating their potential application in food preservation.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Xingran Kou, Dongdong Su, Fei Pan, Xiwei Xu, Qingran Meng, Qinfei Ke
Summary: This review provides a systematic discussion of the application of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in aroma compounds (ACs)/cyclodextrins (CDs) inclusion complexes (ICs). It covers the establishment of the simulation process, parameter selection, model evaluation, and various application cases, summarizing the major achievements and challenges of this method.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Haoyu Yu, Quanbin Zhang, Ammad Ahmad Farooqi, Jing Wang, Yang Yue, Lihua Geng, Ning Wu
Summary: Brown algae are rich in fucoidan, which has been found to have anti-cancer and anti-metastasis effects. Fucoidan inhibits tumor cell growth, proliferation, and metastasis, and also promotes immune responses in the tumor microenvironment.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Liang Dong, Yanan Li, Hailin Cong, Bing Yu, Youqing Shen
Summary: Gene therapy is a revolutionary treatment that requires suitable vectors for protecting and releasing exogenous nucleic acids in target cells. Chitosan, as a non-viral vector, has gained attention due to its good biocompatibility and ability to load large amounts of nucleic acids. This paper summarizes the potential of chitosan and its derivatives as gene delivery vector materials, discusses factors influencing transfection efficiency, performance evaluation, ways to optimize infectious efficiency, and current research development directions. It also provides an outlook on the future prospects of chitosan.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ana Iglesias-Mejuto, Beatriz Magarinos, Tania Ferreira-Goncalves, Ricardo Starbird-Perez, Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo, Catarina Pinto Reis, Ines Ardao, Carlos A. Garcia-Gonzalez
Summary: This study developed a novel processing strategy to manufacture drug-loaded and personalized aerogels with nanostructures. The aerogels demonstrated bioactivity and antimicrobial effects, promoting bone regeneration and preventing infections in bone tissue engineering.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhenxu Shi, Dimei Yang, Yan Zhou, Xinyu Chen, Lin Gan, Jin Huang
Summary: This study proposes a micro-assembly method to improve the photoluminescent properties of crystalline cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) by organizing them within a sub-micrometer-sized metal-organic framework and coating with TiO2. The TiO2 coating prevents CNC assembly breakdown and allows information to be revealed using screenprinted labels for anti-counterfeiting purposes.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuejiao Liu, Bin Fu, Jierong Chen, Zhenyu Sun, Dongdong Zheng, Zhonghua Li, Bing Gu, Ying Zhang, Haojie Lu
Summary: Liver disease is a major cause of global mortality, and identifying biomarkers for diagnosing its progression is crucial for improving outcomes. Targeted mass spectrometry is a powerful tool for verifying biomarker candidates and clinical applications, particularly for glycoproteins translation. However, the limitation of analyzing only one sample per run has become apparent. In this study, a high-throughput intact N-glycopeptides quantification strategy was developed, allowing the validation of 20 samples per run with an average analysis time of 3 minutes per sample. The strategy was applied in a cohort of 461 serum samples and identified a panel of 10 IgG N-glycopeptides that have strong clinical utility in evaluating the severity of liver disease.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qian Wang, Hao Jiang, Hongli Zhang, Weiqiao Lu, Xiao Wang, Wenfeng Xu, Jia Li, Youjing Lv, Guoyun Li, Chao Cai, Guangli Yu
Summary: This study proposes a novel strategy of antibody-beta-glucan conjugates (AGC) to enhance the antitumor immune response to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. AGC demonstrated powerful tumor suppression and promoted interaction between tumor cells and dendritic cells (DCs), thereby enhancing immunotherapeutic benefits.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Chaeyeon Lee, Sojeong Lee, Sang Wook Kang
Summary: The study aims to enhance the properties of porous membranes by addressing the limitations associated with phase separation. By using cellulose acetate and citric acid, the researchers were able to fabricate membranes with improved mechanical strength and thermal stability. The cross-linking effect of citric acid resulted in a more uniform pore structure and higher porosity.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Review
Chemistry, Applied
Tejaswini Kolipaka, Giriraj Pandey, Noella Abraham, Dadi A. Srinivasarao, Rajeev Singh Raghuvanshi, P. S. Rajinikanth, Vidya Tickoo, Saurabh Srivastava
Summary: This review focuses on the design and application of polysaccharide-based hydrogel wound dressings, highlighting aspects such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, drug entrapment, moisturizing ability, swelling, and mechanical properties. Additionally, various crosslinking methods and recent developments in stimuli-responsive hydrogels are discussed.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Anqi Xu, Nan Zhang, Shixing Su, Hongyu Shi, Daoqiang Lu, Xifeng Li, Xin Zhang, Xin Feng, Zhuohua Wen, Gengwu Ma, Mengshi Huang, Chi Huang, Yuqi Hu, Hao Yuan, Qinwen Liu, Daogang Guan, Jun Wang, Chuanzhi Duan
Summary: The study presents a one-pot radical polymerization method to fabricate a hydrogel with adhesive properties, which can effectively treat bacterial-infected diabetic wounds and accelerate wound healing.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Montarop Yamabhai, Munthipha Khamphio, Thae Thae Min, Chai Noy Soem, Nguyen Cao Cuong, Waheni Rizki Aprilia, Krisanai Luesukprasert, Karsidete Teeranitayatarn, Atthaphon Maneedaeng, Tina R. Tuveng, Silje B. Lorentzen, Simen Antonsen, Paiboon Jitprasertwong, Vincent G. H. Eijsink
Summary: The study investigates the bioconversion of chitosan into soluble anti-inflammatory chitosan oligosaccharides (CHOS) using an enzyme. The results show that the generated CHOS have anti-inflammatory activity, but the magnitude of the activity depends on the substrate and production process. Different methods of dissolving chitosan also affect the properties of CHOS. The study highlights the importance of quality assurance in CHOS preparations.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Wen Cao, Jiangping Wu, Xinya Zhao, Zixu Li, Jie Yu, Taili Shao, Xuefeng Hou, Lutan Zhou, Chunfei Wang, Guodong Wang, Jun Han
Summary: In this study, a water-soluble polysaccharide (PLP1) was successfully isolated and purified from Pueraria lobata. It was found that PLP1 was composed of specific glycosidic units and exhibited a better free radical-scavenging ability. Moreover, PLP1 effectively protected the liver against acute alcoholic liver disease (ALD) in mice.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ya Su, Yaqian Liu, Xueyan Hu, Yueqi Lu, Jinyuan Zhang, Wenbo Jin, Wang Liu, Yan Shu, Yuen Yee Cheng, Wenfang Li, Yi Nie, Bo Pan, Kedong Song
Summary: A 3D printed scaffold based on carbon dots-curcumin nano-drug release has been developed for drug delivery after breast cancer surgery. The scaffold showed effective inhibition of tumor growth, antibacterial activity, and promotion of wound healing, making it a promising approach for preventing tumor recurrence.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ekaterina Sokolova, Diane Jouanneau, Antonin Chevenier, Murielle Jam, Nathalie Desban, Pierre Colas, Elizabeth Ficko-Blean, Gurvan Michel
Summary: Carrageenans, a compound synthesized in red algae, have various biological properties and are valuable in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries. Their fine structure affects wound healing, oxidative processes, hemostasis, and inflammation. Enzymatic modification of carrageenans produces oligosaccharides that bind to natural human serum antibodies and specific antibodies, showing potential for therapeutic applications.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Yan Shi, Miao Yu, Kaijin Qiu, Tiantian Kong, Chunjing Guo, Wenxue Zhang, Daquan Chen, Ming Kong
Summary: In this study, functionalized transfersomes were developed to co-deliver doxorubicin and 1MT towards primary tumors and tumor draining lymph nodes via transdermal administration using microneedles. The results showed that the nano-complexed microneedles exhibited a stronger suppression in tumor growth compared to the intravenous group.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2024)