Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mayank Bahuguna, Sunila Hooda, Lalit Mohan, Rakesh Kumar Gupta, Prerna Diwan
Summary: The study aims to establish a connection between oral dysbiosis and betel quid chewing habits through a comparison of the oral microbiome of chewers and non-chewing individuals. Analysis of the oral microbiome of 22 adults in Delhi, India, showed significant differences in taxonomic abundance and diversity between chewers and non-chewers. Early chewers exhibited significant changes in their microbial niche, possibly due to exposure to chemicals in betel quid, and long-term chewers showed a unique microenvironment. Investigating the link between oral dysbiosis and oral diseases, including cancers, may lead to the identification of specific microbiome-based markers for early diagnosis.
Article
Substance Abuse
Kanako Yoshikawa, Hiroyuki Yamada, Midori Matsushima
Summary: The study highlights differences in characteristics between betel chewers and tobacco smokers, as well as between betel quid users and heavy users, suggesting the need for a specific prevention strategy for betel quid consumption in Myanmar rather than relying on the existing tobacco prevention strategy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DRUG POLICY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Amit Ritter, Helena Levyn, Jatin Shah
Summary: The field of head and neck oncology has undergone remarkable advancements in recent years, with innovative surgical approaches and personalized treatment strategies, leading to improved patient outcomes.
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yin Min Aye, S. A. Hong, B. Thepthien, S. Tiraphat
Summary: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of betel quid chewing at national and subnational levels in Myanmar and analyze its associations with tobacco and sociodemographic factors. The study found that the prevalence of betel quid chewing was higher in men and was associated with factors such as age, education, poverty, and living with a spouse. In women, the prevalence was lower and associated with education, living with a spouse, and speaking Myanmar. Tobacco use showed an inverse and positive association with betel quid chewing in men and women, respectively.
JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ina Dewenter, Sven Otto, Tamara Katharina Kakoschke, Wenko Smolka, Katharina Theresa Obermeier
Summary: With an incidence of 3-4.5 cases per million, adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) of the head and neck is a common tumor of the parotid and sublingual salivary glands. Radical surgical resection with tumor-free margins remains the gold standard in treating ACC, but there are also new treatment options available such as particle radiation therapy and systemic molecular biological approaches. The review aims to investigate the long-term experience of diagnosis and treatment, as well as risk and prognostic factors for ACC.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yu-Tsung Chou, Zih-Jie Sun, Wei-Chen Shen, Yi-Ching Yang, Feng-Hwa Lu, Chih-Jen Chang, Chung-Yi Li, Jin-Shang Wu
Summary: Betel quid chewing is associated with liver fibrosis, and metabolic syndrome increases the risk of liver fibrosis.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Xiaojun Huang, Zhipeng Wu, Zhening Liu, Dayi Liu, Danqing Huang, Yicheng Long
Summary: This study found that there were no significant differences in brain functional switching rates between Betel Quid (BQ)-dependent individuals and healthy controls before chewing BQ. However, after chewing BQ, both groups showed significantly increased global brain switching rates, with additional effects observed in specific regions for BQ-dependent individuals. Moreover, the switching rate was positively correlated with the severity of BQ addiction in dependent individuals, suggesting acute effects of BQ chewing on brain function.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Review
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Jun Yang, Zi-Yu Wang, Long Huang, Tao-Lin Yu, Shu-Qian Wan, Juan Song, Bing-Liang Zhang, Ming Hu
Summary: The study found a significant association between betel quid and areca nut chewing with poor prognosis in patients with oral cancer, indicating a higher risk of mortality among chewers compared to non-chewers.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pangzhen Zhang, Nathaniel Quan En Chua, Simon Dang, Ashleigh Davis, Kah Wee Chong, Stephen S. Prime, Nicola Cirillo
Summary: Betel quid (BQ), a mixed package chewed by over 600 million people worldwide, is strongly associated with the development of potentially malignant and malignant diseases of the mouth. The composition of BQ varies geographically, and its capacity to induce disease reflects its distinct chemical composition.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Chunmei Hu, Min Liu, Yutao Li, Yi Zhao, Amit Sharma, Haotian Liu, Ingo G. H. Schmidt-Wolf
Summary: Head and neck cancer (HNC) is the sixth most prevalent type of cancer globally, with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) being the majority. Clinical therapies for HNSCC include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and multimodal treatments. However, CAR-T immunotherapy in solid tumors, particularly HNSCCs, lags behind due to various challenges. This review aims to explore the advancement of CAR-T cell therapy in treating HNSCCs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Rui Zhong, Lingxia Chen, Qiong Zhang, Binbin Li, Yanfang Qiu, Wei Wang, Dongyi Tan, Yanhui Zou
Summary: This study investigated the demographic characteristics of COVID-19 patients and the effects of smoking, drinking, betel quid chewing, and underlying diseases on the severity of the disease. While no significant relationship was found between smoking, drinking, and betel quid chewing and the severity of COVID-19, factors such as diabetes, source of infection, and employment status were significant independent predictors of severe infection. These findings suggest the importance of addressing underlying diseases and personal protection measures in individuals with COVID-19.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chandrashekhar T. Sreeramareddy, Saint Nway Aye, Sunil Pazhayanur Venkateswaran
Summary: The prevalence of tobacco use and betel quid chewing is high in Myanmar, especially among men. Interventions for tobacco control should be strictly implemented, and the issue of 'dual use' of both tobacco and betel quid should be urgently addressed. Factors such as age, wealth, and marital status are associated with tobacco use and/or betel quid chewing, with larger effects observed among women in terms of wealth groups.
Review
Oncology
Adam Khorasanchi, Richard Wu, Kari Kendra, Claire Verschraegen
Summary: Cutaneous squamous cell cancer is a common skin cancer that typically affects older fair-skinned individuals with sun exposure. Treatments such as surgery and radiation are effective for most patients with limited disease, but immunotherapy has become the preferred option for those with more aggressive cases. In advanced cases, particularly in the head and neck region, immunotherapy has significantly improved outcomes compared to traditional therapies like chemotherapy and targeted therapy.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Gengru Wang, Zhonglin Yu, Tong Ji, Linjun Shi, Wei Liu
Summary: This report provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of papers on betel quid (BQ)-related cancer and precancerous lesions. The analysis shows that China, India, United States, and United Kingdom are the major contributors, and Taiwan region remains in the first place. The most frequent research keyword is arecoline, followed by drug, prevalence, metabolism, carcinogenesis, and pathology. The scientific output of BQ-related cancer and precancerous field represents distinct regional characteristics, and Taiwan region is leading in prevention efforts.
JOURNAL OF DENTAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Jameel Muzaffar, Shahla Bari, Kedar Kirtane, Christine H. Chung
Summary: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the most common cancer in the head and neck region, with smoking, excessive drinking, and HPV infection as the main risk factors. While the prognosis of non-metastatic HNSCC continues to improve, the treatment of metastatic disease remains challenging.
Article
Oncology
Yin-Ju Chen, Guo-Rung You, Meng-Yu Lai, Long-Sheng Lu, Chang-Yu Chen, Lai-Lei Ting, Hsin-Lun Lee, Yuzuka Kanno, Jeng-Fong Chiou, Ann-Joy Cheng
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yin-Juz Chen, Joseph T. Chang, Guo-Rung You, Chun-Yu Huang, Kang-Hsing Fan, Ann-Joy Cheng
Summary: Identifying six hub molecules associated with cell invasion is crucial for accurately predicting prognosis and providing potential therapeutic targets in precision medicine for head-neck cancers.
BIOMARKERS IN MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Hung-Li Wang, Tu-Hsueh Yeh, Ying-Zu Huang, Yi-Hsin Weng, Rou-Shayn Chen, Chin-Song Lu, Kuo-Chen Wei, Yu-Chuan Liu, Ying-Ling Chen, Chao-Lang Chen, Yu-Jie Chen, Yan-Wei Lin, Chia-Chen Hsu, Chi-Han Chiu, Ching-Chi Chiu
Summary: The upregulation of RAB35 in Parkinson's disease is likely caused by the SNP rs17525453 in the RAB35 gene promoter. This SNP is associated with an increased risk of idiopathic PD, with the C allele frequency higher in sporadic PD patients. The CC and CT genotypes significantly elevate the risk of PD compared to the TT genotype, suggesting a potential genetic susceptibility factor for PD development.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ann-Joy Cheng, Guo-Rung You, Che-Jui Lee, Ya-Ching Lu, Shang-Ju Tang, Yi-Fang Huang, Yu-Chen Huang, Li-Yu Lee, Kang-Hsing Fan, Yen-Chao Chen, Shiang-Fu Huang, Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang
Summary: Liquid biopsy is a rapidly growing field for minimally invasive pathological data acquisition. The study identified salivary miR-196b as an effective biomarker for oral precancer lesion and early detection of head-neck squamous carcinoma, providing potential for early screening high-risk groups.
Article
Neurosciences
Tu-Hsueh Yeh, Han-Fang Liu, Ching-Chi Chiu, Mei-Ling Cheng, Guo-Jen Huang, Yin-Cheng Huang, Yu-Chien Liu, Ying-Zu Huang, Chin-Song Lu, Yi-Chieh Chen, Hao-Yuan Chen, Yi-Chuan Cheng
Summary: Parkinson's disease (PD) is an incurable neurodegenerative motor disorder with substantial genetic factors. Mutations in the PLA2G6 gene have been linked to young-onset dystonia-parkinsonism type 14 (PARK14). These mutations lead to reduced phospholipase activity of PLA2G6 and lower docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels, causing motor defects in PD.
EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Chia-Hsin Lin, Chien-Yu Lin, Kang-Hsing Fan, Sheng-Ping Hung, Yung-Chih Chou, Chia-Jen Liu, Wen-Chi Chou, Yen-Chao Chen, Shiang-Fu Huang, Chung-Jan Kang, Kai-Ping Chang, Hung-Ming Wang, Ann-Joy Cheng, Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang
Summary: The study retrospectively reviewed the clinical records of 186 patients with ENE+ BMSCC who received postoperative RT during 1997-2016. Propensity score matching was used to establish comparable cohorts, showing no significant differences in survival outcomes between unilateral and bilateral RT, with number of ENEs >= 4 being a significant prognostic factor for all clinical outcomes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shu-Ping Tsao, Bira Arumndari Nurrahma, Ravi Kumar, Chieh-Hsi Wu, Tu-Hsueh Yeh, Ching-Chi Chiu, Yen-Peng Lee, Yi-Chi Liao, Cheng-Hsieh Huang, Yao-Tsung Yeh, Hui-Yu Huang
Summary: Supplementation with Lactobacillus salivarius AP-32 probiotic, a prebiotic, and a probiotic/prebiotic cocktail in rats with 6-OHDA-induced PD enhanced host antioxidant enzyme activities through direct and indirect pathways. This supplementation protected dopaminergic neurons, improved motor functions, and altered fecal microbiota composition. The study suggests a potential therapeutic role of probiotics and prebiotics in PD by promoting antioxidant activity and modulating gut microbiome.
Article
Cell Biology
Guo-Rung You, Joseph T. Chang, Hsiao-Fan Li, Ann-Joy Cheng
Summary: NDRG1 has diverse oncogenic functions in head and neck cancer cells, including stress response, cell motility, and upregulation of stemness-related markers. The 3R motif of NDRG1 plays a crucial role in cell motility, as phosphorylation at serine residues leads to nuclear translocation and promotes motility.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hsin-Ying Chen, Ann-Joy Cheng
Summary: Cancer stemness, characterized by unlimited self-renewal, low percentage, asymmetric/symmetric cell division, and different nature for absorbing external substances, is proposed to be the main cause of metastasis and tumor relapse. Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) plays a key role in cancer stemness and could serve as a feasible target for eradicating cancer stem cells.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Chen-Hung Lee, Daniel Hunt, Julien George Roth, Ching-Chi Chiu, Riley A. Suhar, Bauer L. LeSavage, Alexis Jane Seymour, Chris Lindsay, Brad A. Krajina, Yi-Tung Chen, Kuo-Hsuan Chang, I-Chang Hsieh, Pao-Hsien Chu, Ming-Shien Wen, Sarah C. Heilshorn
Summary: This study evaluates the potency of exosomes secreted by human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) using designer biomaterial substrates. The results show that iPSCs grown on RDG-ELP substrates produce exosomes with similar pro-survival effects to those grown on Matrigel, while using RGD-ELP substrates leads to significantly reduced exosome potency.
Article
Cell Biology
Guo-Rung You, Joseph T. Chang, Yan-Liang Li, Chi-Wei Huang, Yu-Liang Tsai, Kang-Hsing Fan, Chung-Jan Kang, Shiang-Fu Huang, Po-Hung Chang, Ann-Joy Cheng
Summary: The study discovered that MYH9 is overexpressed in head and neck cancer, and is associated with poor prognosis. MYH9 promotes cell motility and modulates the extracellular matrix, and is also related to radioresistance and the expression of anti-apoptotic molecules. Mechanically, MYH9 suppresses cellular ROS levels by activating the MAPK-Nrf2-GCLC signaling pathway.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shang-Ju Tang, Kang-Hsing Fan, Guo-Rung You, Shiang-Fu Huang, Chung-Jan Kang, Yi-Fang Huang, Yu-Chen Huang, Joseph Tung-Chieh Chang, Ann-Joy Cheng
Summary: The study identified a specific profile of miRNAs in head and neck cancer cells, further revealing the role of miR-503 as a tumor suppressor gene, inhibiting cell invasion through the Wnt signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ching-Chi Chiu, Yi-Hsin Weng, Tu-Hsueh Yeh, Juu-Chin Lu, Wan-Shia Chen, Allen Han-Ren Li, Ying-Ling Chen, Kuo-Chen Wei, Hung-Li Wang
Summary: Deletion and mutation of RAB39B gene cause Parkinson's disease by inducing degeneration of dopaminergic neurons through impaired autophagy function and upregulation of alpha-synuclein. RAB39B deficiency leads to activation of ER stress pro-apoptotic pathway, mitochondrial dysfunction, and oxidative stress, resulting in apoptotic death of dopaminergic cells. Mutant forms of RAB39B do not prevent the increase of neurotoxic alpha-synuclein and activation of pro-apoptotic pathway, unlike the wild-type RAB39B.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ching-Chi Chiu, Hsueh-Te Lee, Yu-Min Kuo
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hung-Li Wang, Yi-Chuan Cheng, Tu-Hsueh Yeh, Han-Fang Liu, Yi-Hsin Weng, Rou-Shayn Chen, Yi-Chun Chen, Juu-Chin Lu, Tsong-Long Hwang, Kuo-Chen Wei, Yu-Chuan Liu, Yu-Ting Wang, Chia-Chen Hsu, Tai-Ju Chiu, Ching-Chi Chiu
Summary: Microglial activation-induced neuroinflammation plays a role in the onset and progression of Parkinson's disease. Activated microglia secrete pro-inflammatory and neurotoxic cytokines, which contribute to neurodegeneration. This study suggests that the activation of microglia through FPR1 leads to loss of dopaminergic neurons by activating inflammasome and upregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines, and that the FPR1 antagonist HCH6-1 has a neuroprotective effect on dopaminergic neurons.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)