Article
Immunology
Chau Thuy Tien Le, So Yeon Ahn, Sang-Moo Kang, Eun-Ju Ko
Summary: The combination adjuvant of MPL and poly I:C was found to promote recruitment, differentiation, and activation of NK cells, as well as reciprocal activation with DCs, suggesting a promising vaccine candidate for enhancing cellular immune responses.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Zhen Wang, Aizhen Zhao, Jun Qiao, Jing Yu, Fenfang He, Yibing Bi, Letong Yu, Xiaoyuan Wang
Summary: In this study, E. coli MG1655 was engineered to efficiently produce monophosphoryl lipid A, which can be used for industrial production. The engineered strain MW021/pTEPL could produce two main species of monophosphoryl lipid A, making it an ideal host for industrial production.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biology
So Yeon Ahn, Chau Thuy Tien Le, Eun-Ju Ko
Summary: The study found that the combination of MPL and Poly I:C as a vaccine adjuvant candidate, when used with ovalbumin protein, can more effectively promote antigen-specific cell-mediated immune response, including strong antibody production and effective memory T cell response.
Article
Immunology
Tetsuya Saito, Yukiya Sako, Fumi Sato-Kaneko, Tadashi Hosoya, Shiyin Yao, Fitzgerald S. Lao, Jonathan Shpigelman, Karen Messer, Minya Pu, Nikunj M. Shukla, Michael Chan, Paul J. Chu, Howard B. Cottam, Tomoko Hayashi, Dennis A. Carson, Maripat Corr
Summary: A potential adjuvant molecule (2D216) was found to enhance TLR4 agonist-mediated immune responses in vitro. In murine vaccination studies, the combination of 2D216 with MPLA acted as a potent co-adjuvant, increasing antigen-specific IgG levels and protecting against lethal influenza virus challenge. The co-adjuvant MPLA/2D216 produced Th1 dominant immune responses and showed excellent safety with minimal local reactogenicity and no systemic inflammatory response.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ting Su, Shurong Zhou, Suling Yang, Nicholas Humble, Fuwu Zhang, Guocan Yu, Paula D. Bos, Furong Cheng, Kristoffer Valerie, Guizhi Zhu
Summary: This study reports a radioimmunotherapy for adult brain cancer that combines radiotherapy, immune checkpoint blockade, and lymph-node-targeting vaccines. The vaccines induced anti-cancer immune responses in mice and enhanced therapeutic efficacy in orthotopic brain cancer mice. However, radioimmunotherapy only showed a trend towards improved efficacy compared to radiotherapy alone.
Article
Immunology
Guoxing Zheng, Yajun Geng, Zhaoqi Yan, Soo Min Shin, Kanak Joshi, Anjali Panicker, Archana Shankar, Ramya Elangovan, Jason Koehler, Varun Gnanasekar, Jessica Ann Gilles, Gnanasekar Munirathinam, Aoshuang Chen
Summary: We have identified the minimum composition required to form a vaccine adjuvant that stimulates a regulatory T (Treg) cell response in mice. This adjuvant, named complete tolerogenic adjuvant, may allow for the use of immunization with adjuvant to induce Treg cell-mediated immunosuppression. The minimum composition includes dexamethasone, rapamycin, and monophosphoryl lipid A at a specific mass ratio. Understanding the roles of these components in immunization can guide the design of more potent complete tolerogenic adjuvants for treating immune diseases.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Yonas A. Alamneh, Vlado Antonic, Brittany Garry, Michael J. Pucci, Rania Abu-Taleb, Jonathan P. Shearer, Samandra T. Demons, Derese Getnet, Brett E. Swierczewski, Troy Lister, Daniel Zurawski
Summary: Antibiotic resistance is a persistent problem in bacterial infections. Antibiotic adjuvants can help combat this threat by enhancing the killing of bacteria when combined with other antibiotics. A study found that SPR741, when used in combination with minocycline, showed synergy in treating pulmonary and wound infections.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Erwin G. Abucayon, Rodell C. Barrientos, Oscar B. Torres, Scott Sweeney, Connor Whalen, Gary R. Matyas
Summary: Identification and quantification of an active adjuvant and its degradation product are crucial for ensuring the safety and efficacy of drug formulations. A new LC-MS/MS method was developed to accurately quantify the active adjuvant QS-21 and its degradation product QS-21 HP in liposomal drug formulations. The method showed good specificity, sensitivity in the nanomolar range, and precise detection and quantitation for QS-21 and its degradation product.
Article
Immunology
Carl R. R. Alving, Mangala Rao, Gary R. R. Matyas
Summary: AS01 and ALFQ are two vaccine adjuvants composed of liposomes containing a mixture of natural substances. AS01 has been successfully used in malaria and shingles vaccines, while ALFQ is a similar adjuvant. We compared their chemical structures and physical characteristics and hypothesized that some side effects observed after liposome-based vaccine injections might be caused by the release of free fatty acids and lysophospholipids.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yue Zhao, Kongyuan Wei, Hao Chi, Zhijia Xia, Xiaosong Li
Summary: Cancer vaccines have shown specificity, effectiveness, and safety as an alternative immunotherapeutic strategy. However, maintaining long-term immune memory, especially T cell memory, after vaccination is still a challenge. IL-7, as an adjuvant, has potential in the development of cancer vaccines.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Danniele L. Vale, Camila S. Freitas, Vivian T. Martins, Gabriel J. L. Moreira, Amanda S. Machado, Fernanda F. Ramos, Isabela A. G. Pereira, Raquel S. Bandeira, Marcelo M. de Jesus, Grasiele S. V. Tavares, Fernanda Ludolf, Miguel A. Chavez-Fumagalli, Alexsandro S. Galdino, Ricardo T. Fujiwara, Lilian L. Bueno, Bruno M. Roatt, Myron Christodoulides, Eduardo A. F. Coelho, Daniela P. Lage
Summary: Our study used an immunotherapeutic approach combining a vaccine and drug to successfully treat mice infected with Leishmania parasites. This approach significantly reduced the parasite load in the animals' internal organs and increased the production of protective antibodies. The inclusion of the vaccine and adjuvant also reduced the toxicity of the drug.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Abigail E. Powell, Kaiming Zhang, Mrinmoy Sanyal, Shaogeng Tang, Payton A. Weidenbacher, Shanshan Li, Tho D. Pham, John E. Pak, Wah Chiu, Peter S. Kim
Summary: By displaying SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins on ferritin nanoparticles, there was a notable enhancement in the elicitation of neutralizing antibodies, making it a viable strategy for single-dose vaccination against COVID-19.
ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Mousa Komai-Koma, Yuan Ji, Hui Cao, Zhigang Liu, Charles McSharry, Damo Xu
Summary: The study revealed that MPLA can induce a balanced Th1 cytokine profile in CD4(+) T-cells by regulating cytokine production, which is crucial for immune response regulation.
Article
Immunology
Alejandra G. Martinez-Perez, Jose J. Perez-Trujillo, Rodolfo Garza-Morales, Norma E. Ramirez-Avila, Maria J. Loera-Arias, Jorge G. Gomez-Gutierrez, Odila Saucedo-Cardenas, Aracely Garcia-Garcia, Humberto Rodriguez-Rocha, Roberto Montes-de-Oca-Luna
Summary: This study successfully demonstrated the selective destruction of tumor cells by fusing the immunomodulatory molecule SA-4-1BBL with E7 into an oncolytic adenovirus. In an HPV-induced cancer murine model, the therapeutic oncolytic activity of this approach was detected, showing promising results for potential cancer treatment.
Article
Immunology
Fernando Augusto Siqueira Mathias, Thais Lopes Valentim Di Paschoale Ostolin, Levi Eduardo Soares Reis, Jamille Mirelle de Oliveira Cardoso, Rory Cristiane Fortes De Brito, Rodrigo Dian de Oliveira Aguiar Soares, Bruno Mendes Roatt, Paula Melo de Abreu Vieira, Alexandre Barbosa Reis
Summary: This study evaluated the effect and optimal dose of adjuvant systems for a vaccine candidate against Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. The combination of saponin and monophosphoryl lipid A (SM) as an adjuvant system increased the production of TNF and IFN-gamma, leading to the generation of central and effector memory CD4(+) T cells. Therefore, using an adjuvant system can enhance the innate immune response and has the potential for future vaccine development.