Article
Biology
Kelvin W. Pond, Julia M. Morris, Olga Alkhimenok, Reeba P. Varghese, Carly R. Cabel, Nathan A. Ellis, Jayati Chakrabarti, Yana Zavros, Juanita L. Merchant, Curtis A. Thorne, Andrew L. Paek
Summary: The establishment and maintenance of different cellular compartments in tissues is crucial for all metazoans, especially in the human colon. This study reveals the critical role of wave-like ERK signaling induced by apoptotic cells in maintaining tissue patterning and homeostasis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Elisabeth E. L. Nystrom, Beatriz Martinez-Abad, Liisa Arike, George M. H. Birchenough, Eric B. Nonnecke, Patricia A. Castillo, Frida Svensson, Charles L. Bevins, Gunnar C. Hansson, Malin E. Johansson
Summary: Intestinal goblet cells are not homogeneous, with several distinct subtypes forming two differentiation trajectories. Intercrypt goblet cells located at the colonic luminal surface produce mucus with different properties from crypt-residing goblet cells. Defective icGCs in mice lead to increased sensitivity to chemically induced colitis and spontaneous colitis with age, while alterations in mucus and reduced numbers of icGCs are observed in patients with ulcerative colitis, highlighting the importance of icGCs in maintaining functional epithelial protection.
Review
Parasitology
Danielle Karo-Atar, Alex Gregorieff, Irah L. King
Summary: Intestinal helminths are widespread in the animal kingdom and modulate various aspects of the host immune response. The intestinal epithelium acts as a physical barrier and an innate immune tissue that can sense and respond to infectious agents. However, there is limited understanding of the interactions between helminths and the epithelium, as well as the ability of helminths to directly influence the fate of this barrier tissue. This review discusses the different ways in which helminths regulate the epithelium and highlights the emerging field of helminth regulation of intestinal stem cell fate and function.
TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ting Zhang, Chenbo Ding, Huifang Chen, Jun Zhao, Zhejun Chen, Baiwen Chen, Kaiqiong Mao, Yajuan Hao, Manolis Roulis, Hao Xu, Yuval Kluger, Qiang Zou, Youqiong Ye, Meixiao Zhan, Richard A. Flavell, Hua-Bing Li
Summary: Colonic mucosal barrier dysfunction is a major cause of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and m(6)A modification plays a crucial role in maintaining the homeostatic self-renewal of colonic stem cells.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Steffen Lange, Richard Mogwitz, Denis Huenniger, Anja Voss-Boehme
Summary: Cancer development is a complex process involving multiple steps, and the early phase of tumor growth and progression plays a major role in determining the fate of tumor development. In this study, a cell-based model focusing on the competition between wild-type and tumor cells in colonic crypts was proposed, which successfully reproduced the epidemiological incidence rates of colon cancer and predicted the fraction of cancerous tumors with precancerous lesions.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Manish Parihar, Sherry G. Dodds, Gene Hubbard, Martin A. Javors, Randy Strong, Paul Hasty, Zelton Dave Sharp
Summary: The study suggests that rapamycin can prevent or delay colon neoplasia in Apc(Min/+)-DSS mice by inhibiting mTORC1 in crypt cells.
CLINICAL COLORECTAL CANCER
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
G. C. M. Campos, J. A. Ferreira, G. Romanazzi
Summary: This paper proposes a finite difference method for solving a differential-algebraic system that couples an elliptic equation with a convection-diffusion-reaction equation with mixed derivatives. It investigates the process of cell dynamics in colonic crypts during the formation of micro-adenoma through numerical simulations.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pascale Plaisancie, Charline Buisson, Edwin Fouche, Pierre Martin, Celine Noirot, Claire Maslo, Jacques Dupuy, Francoise Gueraud, Fabrice Pierre
Summary: Continuous renewal of colonic epithelium is crucial for protecting against harmful agents in the gut. Subepithelial fibroblasts play a role in regulating epithelial proliferation and differentiation. However, activated fibroblasts can contribute to the progression of intestinal pathologies. This study established two fibroblast cell lines and used co-culture models to study the interactions between fibroblasts and colonocytes. The findings provide insights into the role of mesenchymal cells in maintaining homeostasis and developing intestinal pathologies.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Christine Harnack, Hilmar Berger, Lichao Liu, Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf, Till Strowig, Michael Sigal
Summary: Colibactin, a bacterial genotoxin produced by E. coli strains harboring the pks genomic island, induces cytopathic effects and may contribute to the pathogenesis of colitis. It can cause DNA breaks, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis, leading to chronic impairment of tissue integrity. The expansion of E. coli in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases further supports this hypothesis.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jorge O. Munera, Daniel O. Kechele, Carine Bouffi, Na Qu, Ran Jing, Pritiprasanna Maity, Jacob R. Enriquez, Lu Han, Ian Campbell, Maxime M. Mahe, Heather A. Mccauley, Xinghao Zhang, Nambirajan Sundaram, Jonathan R. Hudson, Adrian Zarsozo-Lacoste, Suman Pradhan, Kentaro Tominaga, J. Guillermo Sanchez, Alison A. Weiss, Praneet Chatuvedi, Jason R. Spence, Mariam Hachimi, Trista North, George Q. Daley, Christopher N. Mayhew, Yueh-Chiang Hu, Takanori Takebe, Michael A. Helmrath, James M. Wells
Summary: This study shows that pluripotent stem cell-derived human colonic organoids can develop a diverse population of immune cells, including functioning macrophages, which is crucial for modeling normal and disease processes.
Article
Ecology
Michael Howe, Kenneth F. Raffa, Brian H. Aukema, Claudio Gratton, Allan L. Carroll
Summary: This study found that as the population size of bark beetles increases, they rely less on stressed trees and begin to attack larger trees with thicker phloem and higher growth rates, which can support higher offspring production. Additionally, the spatial configuration of attacked trees shifts from random to aggregated. These results demonstrate the mechanisms of population transition from endemic to irruptive phases.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Felix Hofmann, Torsten Thalheim, Karen Rother, Marianne Quaas, Christiane Kerner, Jens Przybilla, Gabriela Aust, Joerg Galle
Summary: Intestinal cylindrical growth peaks in mice a few weeks after birth and stops after weaning. Cd97/Adgre5 transgenic mice show premature intestinal differentiation, leading to activation of intestinal epithelial cell growth and suppression of maturation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Dan Wang, Yanling Kuang, Zhicheng Wan, Pei Li, Jiangchao Zhao, Huiling Zhu, Yulan Liu
Summary: This study found that aspartate alleviates colonic epithelial damage by regulating mitochondrial metabolism and dynamics, promoting intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chelsey Fiecke, Senay Simsek, Ashok Kumar Sharma, Daniel D. Gallaher
Summary: The present study found that red wheat, particularly the phenolic-rich aleurone layer, may reduce the risk of colon cancer through modifications to the gut microbiota and nitrosative stress. The consumption of whole red wheat and the aleurone-enriched fraction resulted in decreased aberrant crypt foci and 3-nitrotyrosine levels.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Saskia Haupt, Alexander Zeilmann, Aysel Ahadova, Hendrik Blaeker, Magnus von Knebel Doeberitz, Matthias Kloor, Vincent Heuveline
Summary: This study suggests a mathematical model based on a linear dynamical system to simulate different pathways of colorectal carcinogenesis in Lynch syndrome, enabling a thorough mathematical analysis and medical interpretation by focusing on driver mutations. The model provides a modular framework for modeling multiple pathways of carcinogenesis, yielding promising results in concordance with clinical observations in Lynch syndrome-associated colorectal cancers.
PLOS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY
(2021)