Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ke Mo, Yu Zhang, Zheng Dong, Yuhang Yang, Xiaoqiang Ma, Ben L. Feringa, Depeng Zhao
Summary: Scientists have designed synthetic molecular motors that can be driven by chemical energy and have intrinsic control over the direction of rotation, simple autonomous motion, and near-perfect unidirectionality. This study demonstrates the potential for future generations of multicomponent machines to perform mechanical functions.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Ruslan Garifullin, Mustafa O. Guler
Summary: This review discusses the use of self-assembling peptide molecules and electroactive units in supramolecular functional electronic and optical materials, with potential biomedical and bioelectronics applications.
MATERIALS TODAY BIO
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Traian Constantin, Mihai Pavalean, Stefana Bucur, Maria Magdalena Constantin, Alin Codrut Nicolescu, Irina Pacu, Victor Madan
Summary: Bladder cancer animal models can be categorized as either autochthonous or non-autochthonous, with the non-autochthonous models further classified into syngeneic and xenograft models. These models have different characteristics and applications based on the type of tumor implantation.
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Mariusz Ksiazek
Summary: The author explores the potential use of polymerized sulfur waste as a biocompatible material in biomaterial production, particularly in surgical applications. Experimental studies have demonstrated that polymerized sulfur waste shows promise as a biocomposite, opening up new possibilities for the industry.
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alana N. Vagnozzi, Jian-Guo Li, Jin Chiu, Roshanak Razmpour, Rebecca Warfield, Servio H. Ramirez, Domenico Pratico
Summary: VPS35 plays a crucial role in tau metabolism and neuropathology, with its overexpression reducing pathological tau in neuronal cells while genetic silencing leads to accumulation. The availability of active cathepsin D mediates the effect of VPS35 on pathological tau accumulation, making it a potential therapeutic target for human tauopathies.
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Etedal Ahmed A. Ibrahim, Ghada A. Mutaal Badri, Khabab Abbasher Hussien Mohamed Ahmed, Mohammed Eltahier Abdalla Omer
Summary: The study found that environmental conditions were the most common triggers of migraine headache among Sudanese patients, while Acetaminophen was the most commonly used drug for relieving migraine in this population. The majority of patients were female (80%), aged 26-35 years (56.9%), and a significant proportion were housewives (40%).
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)
Review
Humanities, Multidisciplinary
Ahmad Fekry Moussa, Ibrahim Suleiman Al Qatawneh, Moustafa Elmetwaly Kandeel
Summary: This study focuses on the procedural necessity of primary investigations in the Arab countries, particularly in Egypt. It analyzes the position of the Arab procedural legislation and judiciary systems regarding procedural necessity and argues against expanding discretionary powers that may lead to abuse of officials and restrict individual rights and freedoms.
HUMANITIES & SOCIAL SCIENCES COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yin Lu, Qin Ma, Xiaolu Xu, Zhefu Yu, Tianjiao Guo, Yangkai Wu
Summary: The study showed that exposure to poly styrene microplastics (PS-MPs) can lead to increased apoptosis and cell death, higher micronucleus rate, and reduced mitotic index in V. faba root cells. Additionally, it causes significant oxidative stress by altering the expression of antioxidant enzymes and genes related to cell cycle and DNA repair.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Gabriel Koch Ocker
Summary: This study presents a statistical field theory for networks of integrate-and-fire neurons with stochastic spike emission, revealing the impact of spike-driven reset of the membrane voltage on population activity. The study uncovers bistability and fluctuation effects in the mean-field dynamics, as well as the roles of spike resets and recurrent inhibition in stabilizing network activity. It also calculates the phase diagram for inhibitory stabilization and finds that wide regions of parameter space exhibit inhibition-stabilized regime.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
James Dufty, Jeffrey Wrighton, Kai Luo
Summary: This article considers definitions for local pressure in an inhomogeneous fluid, covering both equilibrium and local equilibrium states, and reconciles thermodynamic and mechanical (hydrodynamic) contexts. Remaining problems and uncertainties in the topic are also discussed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Peter C. Chu
Summary: In ocean dynamics, two different treatments are found for horizontal pressure gradient force and gravity, with vertical component being much larger than horizontal in both cases. Horizontal pressure gradient force is considered dominant, while horizontal gravity is completely omitted in oceanography. The importance of horizontal gravity is identified using a non-dimensional C number, with global data showing an unexpectedly large C number around 24.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Olga Garanina, Nidal Al Said, Valery Stepenko, Marija Troyanskaya
Summary: The study developed and tested an original model illustrating personality development in the information society, finding that its implementation increased students' use of resources for personal growth. The model's practical value lies in its applicability to higher education systems in various countries, especially in the context of distance learning and social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.
EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Jiangkuan Xing, Ryoichi Kurose, Kun Luo, Jianren Fan
Summary: Researchers have developed a new tool for establishing solid fuel conversion kinetics from thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurements using chemistry-informed machine learning approaches. The derived pyrolysis kinetics accurately reproduce the pyrolysis process for different biomass types and demonstrate advantages in predicting volatiles yield.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Julian Klingbeil, Max-Lennart Brandt, Max Wawrzyniak, Anika Stockert, Hans R. Schneider, Petra Baum, Karl-Titus Hoffmann, Dorothee Saur
Summary: Lesions in the left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex increase the risk of depressive symptoms 6 months poststroke, while lesions within the right hemisphere are unrelated to depressive symptoms. Early prediction factors for poststroke depression include depressive symptoms within the first 4 weeks poststroke.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Muhammad Aslam
Summary: A new F-test method for two counts data from the Poisson distribution under classical statistics is proposed in this paper. The test is applicable in situations where the count data is uncertain, in the interval, or indeterminate, and it has been shown to be efficient in application and comparison studies.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Claudia Burrello, Karin E. de Visser
Summary: Macrophages are a focal point of cancer immunotherapy research due to their significant role in promoting tumor growth. A recent study found that targeting macrophages can influence the tumor microenvironment and lead to coordinated antitumorigenic immune responses in a lung carcinoma mouse model.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wietske Pieters, Floor Hugenholtz, Kevin Kos, Maxime Cammeraat, Teddy C. Moliej, Daphne Kaldenbach, Sjoerd Klarenbeek, Mark Davids, Lisa Drost, Charlotte de Konink, Elly Delzenne-Goette, Karin E. de Visser, Hein te Riele
Summary: The gut microbiota has a strong impact on the development of mismatch-repair-deficient colorectal cancer in the context of Lynch syndrome. The study found that transferring mice from a conventional open animal facility to specific-pathogen-free conditions greatly reduced the development of intestinal tumors. Microbiota composition differed significantly between the two facilities, with conventional mice showing signs of intestinal inflammation. Fecal microbiota transplantations altered the immune landscape and gut homeostasis, leading to changes in microbiota composition and increased epithelial proliferation and migration.
Review
Immunology
Daniela F. Quail, Borko Amulic, Monowar Aziz, Betsy J. Barnes, Evgeniy Eruslanov, Zvi G. Fridlender, Helen S. Goodridge, Zvi Granot, Andres Hidalgo, Anna Huttenlocher, Mariana J. Kaplan, Ilaria Malanchi, Taha Merghoub, Etienne Meylan, Vivek Mittal, Mikael J. Pittet, Andrea Rubio-Ponce, Irina A. Udalova, Timo K. van den Berg, Denisa D. Wagner, Ping Wang, Arturo Zychlinsky, Karin E. de Visser, Mikala Egeblad, Paul Kubes
Summary: This article discusses the functional states and heterogeneity of neutrophils in cancer and provides a consensus statement on the controversies and solutions in neutrophil research. Further research is needed to understand the role of neutrophils in cancer and explore potential novel opportunities for cancer treatment.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Kevin Kos, Muhammad A. Aslam, Rieneke van de Ven, Max D. Wellenstein, Wietske Pieters, Antoinette van Weverwijk, Danique E. M. Duits, Kim van Pul, Cheei-Sing Hau, Kim Vrijland, Daphne Kaldenbach, Elisabeth A. M. Raeven, Sergio A. Quezada, Rudi Beyaert, Heinz Jacobs, Tanja D. de Gruijl, Karin E. de Visser
Summary: Breast cancer causes systemic immunosuppression, which affects the organotropism of metastasis. Tumor-educated regulatory T cells (T-regs) accumulate in distant organs and undergo transcriptional rewiring in response to mammary tumorigenesis. T-regs control natural killer (NK) cell activation in lymph nodes, thereby promoting lymph node metastasis. The ratio of T-regs to NK cells is increased in sentinel lymph nodes of breast cancer patients compared to healthy controls.
Article
Oncology
Mathilde M. Almekinders, Tycho Bismeijer, Tapsi Kumar, Fei Yang, Bram Thijssen, Rianne van der Linden, Charlotte van Rooijen, Shiva Vonk, Baohua Sun, Edwin R. Parra Cuentas, Ignacio I. Wistuba, Savitri Krishnamurthy, Lindy L. Visser, Iris M. Seignette, Ingrid Hofland, Joyce Sanders, Annegien Broeks, Jason K. Love, Brian Menegaz, Lodewyk Wessels, Alastair M. Thompson, Karin E. de Visser, Erik Hooijberg, Esther Lips, Andrew Futreal, Jelle Wesseling
Summary: Through a study on a Dutch population-based cohort of 10,090 women with pure DCIS, it was found that IME features are not predictors of subsequent ilBC, but correlate with other factors (grade, ER, HER2 status, Ki-67) known to be associated with invasive recurrences.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Editorial Material
Immunology
Julia M. Houthuijzen, Karin E. de Visser
Summary: Breast cancer cells exploit lung-specific immunosuppressive fibroblasts to facilitate metastasis.
Article
Cell Biology
Danique E. M. Duits, Camilla Salvagno, Elisabeth A. M. Raeven, Kim Vrijland, Marjolein C. Stip, Cheei-Sing Hau, Daphne Kaldenbach, Karin E. de Visser
Summary: Neutrophils play critical roles in infections, tissue repair, and cancer. Several methods, including neutralizing antibodies, CXCR2 inhibitors, and the ATTAC approach, have been used to investigate their in vivo functions. The newly generated hMRP8-ATTAC mouse model efficiently reduces neutrophil levels under homeostatic conditions.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dario Zimmerli, Chiara S. Brambillasca, Francien Talens, Jinhyuk Bhin, Renske Linstra, Lou Romanens, Arkajyoti Bhattacharya, Stacey E. P. Joosten, Ana Moises Da Silva, Nuno Padrao, Max D. Wellenstein, Kelly Kersten, Mart de Boo, Maurits Roorda, Linda Henneman, Roebi de Bruijn, Stefano Annunziato, Eline van der Burg, Anne Paulien Drenth, Catrin Lutz, Theresa Endres, Marieke van de Ven, Martin Eilers, Lodewyk Wessels, Karin E. de Visser, Wilbert Zwart, Rudolf S. N. Fehrmann, Marcel A. T. M. van Vugt, Jos Jonkers
Summary: MYC plays a crucial role in suppressing anti-tumour immunity in triple-negative breast cancer by directly regulating the transcription of interferon signalling genes. MYC overexpression decreases lymphocyte infiltration in tumors and prevents the recruitment and activation of immune cells. These findings reveal the mechanisms by which MYC overexpression leads to poor immunogenicity in triple-negative breast cancer.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Olga S. Blomberg, Lorenzo Spagnuolo, Hannah Garner, Leonie Voorwerk, Olga I. Isaeva, Ewald van Dyk, Noor Bakker, Myriam Chalabi, Chris Klaver, Maxime Duijst, Kelly Kersten, Marieke Bruggemann, Dorien Pastoors, Cheei-Sing Hau, Kim Vrijland, Elisabeth A. M. Raeven, Daphne Kaldenbach, Kevin Kos, Inna S. Afonina, Paulien Kaptein, Louisa Hoes, Willemijn S. M. E. Theelen, Paul Baas, Emile E. Voest, Rudi Beyaert, Daniela S. Thommen, Lodewyk F. A. Wessels, Karin E. de Visser, Marleen Kok
Summary: Immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) has revolutionized cancer therapy by promoting effective immune responses through the activation of CD4(+) T cells and the recruitment of eosinophils. This study demonstrates the critical role of eosinophils in ICB response and provides proof-of-principle for enhancing ICB efficacy through eosinophil engagement. Mechanistically, ICB increases IL-5 production, stimulating elevated eosinophil production and systemic eosinophil expansion.
Article
Cell Biology
Chin-Hsien Tsai, Yu-Ming Chuang, Xiaoyun Li, Yi-Ru Yu, Sheue-Fen Tzeng, Shao Thing Teoh, Katherine E. Lindblad, Mario Di Matteo, Wan-Chen Cheng, Pei-Chun Hsueh, Kung-Chi Kao, Hana Imrichova, Likun Duan, Hector Gallart-Ayala, Pei-Wen Hsiao, Massimiliano Mazzone, Julijana Ivanesevic, Xiaojing Liu, Karin E. de Visser, Amaia Lujambio, Sophia Y. Lunt, Susan M. Kaech, Ping-Chih Ho
Summary: T cell-mediated immunosurveillance in early-stage tumorigenesis guides metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells through non-canonical interferon gamma (IFNg)-STAT3 signaling, leading to immune evasion and the formation of a suppressive tumor microenvironment.
Review
Oncology
Karin E. de Visser, Johanna A. Joyce
Summary: Cancers consist of tumor cells and various non-cancerous cells in an altered extracellular matrix, forming complex ecosystems. The tumor microenvironment (TME) includes different immune cell types, cancer-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, pericytes, and other tissue-resident cells, all of which play critical roles in cancer pathogenesis. The composition and function of the TME can vary depending on the organ, cancer cell features, tumor stage, and patient characteristics. Understanding the interplay between tumor cell-intrinsic, cell-extrinsic, and systemic factors is crucial for developing effective anti-cancer treatments.
Article
Oncology
Olga S. S. Blomberg, Kevin Kos, Lorenzo Spagnuolo, Olga I. I. Isaeva, Hannah Garner, Max D. D. Wellenstein, Noor Bakker, Danique E. M. Duits, Kelly Kersten, Sjoerd Klarenbeek, Cheei-Sing Hau, Daphne Kaldenbach, Elisabeth A. M. Raeven, Kim Vrijland, Marleen Kok, Karin E. E. de Visser
Summary: The use of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy in neoadjuvant and perioperative settings is gaining attention due to its clinical successes in advanced cancer patients. However, the impact of neoadjuvant ICB therapy on systemic immune landscape and metastatic spread is still uncertain. Tumors promote the expansion of regulatory T cells (T-regs), which suppress the immune response and contribute to tumor progression and metastasis. This study demonstrates that neoadjuvant ICB therapy in breast cancer patients inadvertently promotes the proliferation and activation of T-regs, which can counteract the efficacy of ICB therapy. By depleting T-regs, the intratumoral immune landscape becomes favorable for ICB response and induces lasting alterations in systemic immunity, leading to extended metastasis-related survival driven by CD8+ T cells.
Article
Oncology
Leonie Voorwerk, Olga I. I. Isaeva, Hugo M. M. Horlings, Sara Balduzzi, Maksim Chelushkin, Noor A. M. Bakker, Elisa Champanhet, Hannah Garner, Karolina Sikorska, Claudette E. E. Loo, Inge Kemper, Ingrid A. M. Mandjes, Michiel de Maaker, Jasper J. L. van Geel, Jorianne Boers, Maaike de Boer, Roberto Salgado, Marloes G. J. van Dongen, Gabe S. S. Sonke, Karin E. E. de Visser, Ton N. N. Schumacher, Christian U. U. Blank, Lodewyk F. A. Wessels, Agnes Jager, Vivianne C. G. Tjan-Heijnen, Carolien P. Schroder, Sabine C. C. Linn, Marleen Kok
Summary: This study found that invasive lobular breast cancer is the second most common subtype of breast cancer, but there is a lack of specific clinical trials for this type. They identified an immune-related subset of lobular breast cancer and observed synergy between immune checkpoint blockade and platinum in mouse models. In the GELATO trial, treatment with carboplatin and atezolizumab showed promising antitumor activity, especially for triple-negative lobular breast cancer.
Article
Oncology
Hanne Lefrere, Kat Moore, Giuseppe Floris, Joyce Sanders, Iris M. Seignette, Tycho Bismeijer, Dennis Peters, Annegien Broeks, Erik Hooijberg, Kristel Van Calsteren, Patrick Neven, Ellen Warner, Fedro Alessandro Peccatori, Sibylle Loibl, Charlotte Maggen, Sileny N. Han, Katarzyna J. Jerzak, Daniela Annibali, Diether Lambrechts, Karin E. de Visser, Lodewyk Wessels, Liesbeth Lenaerts, Frederic Amant
Summary: Patients with postweaning postpartum breast cancer (PP-BCPW) have a poor prognosis compared with other types of breast cancer. This study found that PP-BCPW patients with low expression of immunoglobulin genes but high infiltration of plasma B cells have an increased risk of metastasis and death.
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Antoinette van Weverwijk, Karin E. E. de Visser
Summary: Tumours exhibit a wide range of variations in the distribution, composition, and activation state of immune cells, which affect their progression and response to immunotherapy. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate the diversity and function of immune cells in the tumour microenvironment will lead to the development of more targeted immunomodulatory strategies for the benefit of cancer patients.
NATURE REVIEWS CANCER
(2023)