Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Kok Seang Tan, Kian Ming Lim, Chin Poo Lee, Lee Chung Kwek
Summary: Long Short-Term Memory networks play a significant role in human action recognition. This study proposes a method called Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory with Temporal Dense Sampling and Fusion Network to address the challenges in existing human action recognition. Experimental results show that this method outperforms state-of-the-art methods on two datasets.
EXPERT SYSTEMS WITH APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jae Young Lee, Myoungseok Kim, Chanseok Lee, Do-Nyun Kim
Summary: Precise engineering of DNA structures is increasingly important in biomolecular applications, with single-stranded DNA playing a key role in providing high controllability of critical structural features. The computational model of single-stranded DNA presented in this study allows for harnessing its characteristics for structural applications, enabling the construction of structural models across length scales. The programmability of structural bending, twisting, and persistence length by implementing single-stranded DNA in various DNA structures has significant implications for expanding the design and analysis boundaries of DNA nanotechnology.
Review
Neurosciences
Logan T. Dowdle, Geoffrey Ghose, Clark C. C. Chen, Kamil Ugurbil, Essa Yacoub, Luca Vizioli
Summary: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is known for its spatial precision but there is a growing interest in its temporal sensitivity. Despite the temporal blurring caused by the blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal, researchers have explored the benefits of increased temporal sampling for fMRI. By combining fMRI data collected at multiple temporal scales and reviewing historical/contemporary literature, it is found that fast fMRI can uncover previously unobserved neuro-temporal dynamics while improving spatial precision.
PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Tuhina Srivastava, Katharine J. Head, Sean M. O'Dell, Kristen A. Feemster, Catherine A. Panozzo, Gregory D. Zimet, Melanie L. Kornides
Summary: HPV vaccination rates are not ideal in the United States. A study differentiated characteristics of mothers with high intent from those who already vaccinated their adolescents. This study found that clinicians can improve HPV vaccination uptake by giving repeated, high-quality recommendations to parents. Perceived social norms may also play a role in vaccine uptake.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Alix Herve, Isabelle Domaizon, Jean-Marc Baudoin, Tony Dejean, Pierre Gibert, Pauline Jean, Tiphaine Peroux, Jean-Claude Raymond, Alice Valentini, Marine Vautier, Maxime Logez
Summary: Environmental DNA (eDNA) metabarcoding is revolutionizing the monitoring of aquatic biodiversity. This study investigates the spatial and temporal variability of eDNA signals in three lakes and compares them with traditional fish monitoring methods. The results demonstrate the higher sensitivity of eDNA in detecting fish species, and provide recommendations on where and when to sample eDNA for fish monitoring in lakes.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jim Yoon, Patricia Romero-Lankao, Y. C. Ethan Yang, Christian Klassert, Nathan Urban, Kendra Kaiser, Klaus Keller, Brinda Yarlagadda, Nathalie Voisin, Patrick M. Reed, Richard Moss
Summary: The role of human individual and collective action in shaping multi-sector systems is increasingly recognized. However, efforts to represent human systems in models have been fragmented. To address this, a new typology for classifying human actors in multi-sector models is proposed and used to examine existing models and chart future research directions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Chak Kui Wong, Chuyan Tang, John S. Schreck, Jonathan P. K. Doye
Summary: This study demonstrates the application of coarse-grained modeling combined with umbrella sampling to compute the free-energy landscapes associated with mechanical deformations of large DNA nanostructures. The approach is illustrated with examples of DNA nanotubes and DNA origami sheets. The ability to compute such landscapes is crucial for DNA mechanotechnology and understanding stress accumulation during the self-assembly process of origamis.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Pawel Kudzia, Stephen N. Robinovich, J. Maxwell Donelan
Summary: This study characterizes the performance of the human neuromechanical system in controlling the magnitude and position of externally applied forces. The findings indicate that for force-magnitude control, the system had a bandwidth of 1.8 Hz, a steady-state error of 2.6%, and a steady-state variability of 2.7%. The study also found similar control performance across different step sizes and between force-magnitude and position control.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biology
Hannah R. Meredith, John R. Giles, Javier Perez-Saez, Theophile Mande, Andrea Rinaldo, Simon Mutembo, Elliot N. Kabalo, Kabondo Makungo, Caroline O. Buckee, Andrew J. Tatem, C. Jessica E. Metcalf, Amy Wesolowski
Summary: Human mobility is crucial for understanding its impact on various aspects, and spatial interaction models have been widely used for estimating travel when mobility data are limited. In this study, mobility patterns in Sub-Saharan African countries were analyzed using mobile phone data, and adjustments to the gravity model improved model fit, indicating that alternative models may be more effective in capturing observed mobility patterns.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harish Gunasekaran, Leila Azizi, Virginie van Wassenhove, Sophie K. Herbst
Summary: This study used magnetoencephalography (MEG) to investigate the brain oscillations in humans during rest. The researchers found that only the resting state condition showed spectral peaks in the delta frequency range that could be interpreted as endogenously periodic neural dynamics.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Yuan Zhang, Shengshan Bi, Jiangtao Wu
Summary: Moon-based Earth radiation observation can provide long-term, continuous measurements for Earth's radiative flux, with the study finding the importance of temporal sampling interval on irradiance. The MWFOV radiometer's high-frequency measurements can reflect scene type variations, suggesting the need for improved radiation resolution and shorter sampling interval in future designs.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Andrei G. Vladimirov
Summary: This paper derives and analyzes the interaction equations governing the slow time evolution of two interacting temporal cavity solitons in a delay differential equation model of a nonlinear mirror mode-locked laser. The study shows that long-range soliton interaction can result in either harmonic mode-locking regime or closely packed incoherent soliton bound state, while short-range soliton interaction can lead to antiphase or in-phase stationary and breathing harmonic mode-locking regimes.
Article
Oncology
Connor J. O'Boyle, Giulia Siravegna, Shohreh Varmeh, Natalia Queenan, Alexa Michel, Kim Chang Sing Pang, Jarrod Stein, Julia C. Thierauf, Peter M. Sadow, William C. Faquin, Wei Wang, Daniel G. Deschler, Kevin S. Emerick, Mark A. Varvares, Jong C. Park, John R. Clark, Annie W. Chan, Paul M. Busse, Ryan B. Corcoran, Lori J. Wirth, Derrick T. Lin, A. John Iafrate, Jeremy D. Richmon, Daniel L. Faden
Summary: POD 1 ctHPVDNA levels are associated with the risk of residual disease in patients with HPV+OPSCC undergoing curative intent surgery and could be used as a personalized biomarker for selecting adjuvant treatment in the future.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Meng Fu, Yanguang Chen
Summary: This paper proposes a method to uncover the spatio-temporal variations of urban growth by utilizing multifractal measurement. An index based on generalized correlation dimension Dq is defined to capture the difference between growth stability in central areas and growth activity in marginal areas. By integrating this index with multifractal spectra, the evolutionary characteristics of urban spatial structure can be comprehensively characterized.
Article
Dermatology
Yuko Kuriyama, Mieko Kosaka, Akira Kaneko, Hirokazu Nishioka, Kazushi Anzawa, Tomoyasu Hattori, Naoya Igarashi, Masaaki Tamura, Sei-ichiro Motegi, Akira Shimizu
Summary: Warts caused by HPV infection have various clinical presentations and can be difficult to differentiate from other skin conditions. This study explored new methods of differentiation using the surface of the warts. DNA was successfully extracted from different specimens and analyzed for HPV type and viral load using PCR. The correlation between clinical diagnosis and HPV detection was evaluated, with a moderate overall agreement rate. It was also found that it is challenging to distinguish plantar warts from other conditions in clinical practice. Detection of HPV by swabbing before and after shaving is useful for follow-up and differential diagnosis.
JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Jeanne Tamarelle, Bing Ma, Pawel Gajer, Mike S. Humphrys, Mishka Terplan, Katrina S. Mark, Anne C. M. Thiebaut, Larry J. Forney, Rebecca M. Brotman, Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau, Patrik M. Bavoil, Jacques Ravel
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2020)
Article
Immunology
D. Elizabeth O'Hanlon, Pawel Gajer, Rebecca M. Brotman, Jacques Ravel
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Immunology
Johanna B. Holm, Michael T. France, Bing Ma, Elias McComb, Courtney K. Robinson, Aditya Mehta, Luke J. Tallon, Rebecca M. Brotman, Jacques Ravel
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Microbiology
Michael T. France, Bing Ma, Pawel Gajer, Sarah Brown, Michael S. Humphrys, Johanna B. Holm, L. Elaine Waetjen, Rebecca M. Brotman, Jacques Ravel
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Joanna-Lynn C. Borgogna, Michelle D. Shardell, Savannah G. Grace, Elisa K. Santori, Benjamin Americus, Zhong Li, Alexander Ulanov, Larry Forney, Tiffanie M. Nelson, Rebecca M. Brotman, Jacques Ravel, Carl J. Yeoman
Summary: The study found a direct impact of common biogenic amines on vaginal Lactobacillus species, with increases in biogenic amines associated with the development of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and affecting the growth and lactic acid production of Lactobacillus species. Results suggest that biogenic amines play an important role in destabilizing vaginal Lactobacillus species and diminishing their protective role in the vaginal microenvironment.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Rodman Turpin, Susan Tuddenham, Xin He, Mark A. Klebanoff, Khalil G. Ghanem, Rebecca M. Brotman
Summary: The study found associations between bacterial vaginosis (BV), behaviors like vaginal douching, and incident pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in a large cohort of cisgender women. Further larger studies are needed to understand how BV, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), behaviors, and host responses interactively affect PID risk.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Joanna-Lynn C. Borgogna, Michael Anastario, Paula Firemoon, Elizabeth Rink, Adriann Ricker, Jacques Ravel, Rebecca M. Brotman, Carl J. Yeoman
Summary: The research found that a high proportion of American Indian women suffer from molecular-bacterial vaginosis, and psychosocial stressors such as historical loss and lifetime trauma are associated with the disease.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sarah Elizabeth Brown, Xin He, Michelle D. Shardell, Jacques Ravel, Khalil G. Ghanem, Jonathan M. Zenilman, Rebecca M. Brotman
Summary: In this pilot study, cessation of douching was not found to have significant effects on the composition and structure of the vaginal microbiota. Additional interventions may be necessary to restore optimal vaginal microbiota among women who practice douching.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael T. France, Sarah E. Brown, Anne M. Rompalo, Rebecca M. Brotman, Jacques Ravel
Summary: While some mother-daughter pairs had similar vaginal microbiota, the degree of similarity did not exceed chance expectations. However, shared bacterial strains were found more often between individuals from different families, suggesting biogeographic patterns in vaginal bacteria. Further studies are needed to demonstrate vertical transmission of the vaginal microbiota.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Susan Tuddenham, Pawel Gajer, Anne E. Burke, Catherine Murphy, Sabra L. Klein, Christina A. Stennett, Barbara Wilgus, Jacques Ravel, Khalil G. Ghanem, Rebecca M. Brotman
Summary: This study compared the vaginal microbiota of women using combined oral contraceptives (COCs) with those not using contraceptives. The findings showed that COC users had more stable and Lactobacillus-dominated microbiota. The results have clinical implications for the timing and effectiveness of COC use.
Article
Immunology
Sarah E. Brown, Susan Tuddenham, Michelle D. Shardell, Mark A. Klebanoff, Khalil G. Ghanem, Rebecca M. Brotman
Summary: This study found an association between bacterial vaginosis (BV) and the duration of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection, with BV patients having longer durations and lower rates of spontaneous clearance.
JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Joanna-Lynn C. Borgogna, Savannah G. Grace, Johanna B. Holm, Tadeo Aviles Zuniga, Herlin Kadriu, Xin He, Sarah R. McCoski, Jacques Ravel, Rebecca M. Brotman, Carl J. Yeoman
Summary: This study investigates the associations between condomless vaginal intercourse and lubricant use on the vaginal metabolome. The results show that both practices lead to higher concentrations of metabolites indicative of epithelial damage and antioxidants. Lubricant use is also associated with an increase in lipids related to cellular damage, antimicrobials, and a cooling agent.
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Johanna B. Holm, Kayla A. Carter, Jacques Ravel, Rebecca M. Brotman
Summary: This review summarizes the role of Lactobacillus iners in the vaginal microbiome, emphasizes the importance of considering strain-level characteristics, and explains how whole metagenome sequencing can aid in understanding this species in genital health. Recent findings suggest that L. iners exists in the vagina as a unique combination of strains, and further research is needed to explore its functional roles and impact on susceptibility to infections.
CURRENT INFECTIOUS DISEASE REPORTS
(2023)
Letter
Urology & Nephrology
Sarah E. Brown, Rebecca M. Brotman
JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Katrina S. Mark, Beatriz Tenorio, Christina A. Stennett, Khalil G. Ghanem, Rebecca M. Brotman
MENOPAUSE-THE JOURNAL OF THE NORTH AMERICAN MENOPAUSE SOCIETY
(2020)