Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kate Hoffman, Jessica L. Levasseur, Sharon Zhang, Duncan Hay, Nicholas J. Herkert, Heather M. Stapleton
Summary: Silicone wristbands provide quantitative estimates of internal organophosphate ester (OPE) exposure and show linear uptake of OPE over time. Wristbands and spot urine samples exhibit moderate to strong correlations for certain OPE metabolites, performing well as integrated exposure estimates. Further studies investigating additional compounds are warranted to explore the potential advantages of silicone wristbands.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Austin Sigler, Jiandong Wu, Annalise Pfaff, Olajide Adetunji, Paul Nam, Donald James, Casey Burton, Honglan Shi
Summary: Repeated exposure to low-level blasts can cause biological changes similar to mild traumatic brain injury. This study aimed to find potential small molecule biomarkers of brain injury during repeated blast exposure. The study evaluated ten small molecule metabolites and found that urinary levels of homovanillic acid, linoleic acid, and glutamate, as well as serum levels of N-acetylaspartic acid, were significantly altered after repeated blast exposure. The results suggest that measuring these metabolites could help identify individuals at risk of TBI.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Zhenxing Huang, Zixiang Chen, Jincai Chen, Ping Lu, Guotao Quan, Yanfeng Du, Chenwei Li, Zheng Gu, Yongfeng Yang, Xin Liu, Hairong Zheng, Dong Liang, Zhanli Hu
Summary: This paper proposes an adaptive dose-aware network based on deep learning for low-dose CT image restoration, optimizing the restoration process through a two-stage approach. Experimental results show that the method outperforms other techniques in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio and visual quality. Further improvements in clinical practical applications are planned for future work.
PHYSICS IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dragana Javorac, Biljana Antonijevic, Milena Andelkovic, Aleksandra Repic, Petar Bulat, Aleksandra Buha Djordjevic, Katarina Baralic, Danijela Dukic-Cosic, Tamara Antonic, Zorica Bulat
Summary: Exposure to low doses of lead may affect hematological parameters and lipid profiles, as well as antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species, and metal element levels in the body. Results from the study suggest that copper blood levels and superoxide dismutase activity are particularly sensitive indicators of lead toxicity at low levels of exposure.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Theresa Patten, Allison Dreier, Rae J. Herman, Bruce A. Kimball, Mariella De Biasi
Summary: The study showed that adolescent mice have a preference for fruit-flavored nicotine solutions, with females consuming higher doses. Flavored nicotine access during adolescence may influence nicotine preference and consumption in adulthood, but the effect disappears later in life.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Leviel Fluhr, Uria Mor, Aleksandra A. Kolodziejczyk, Mally Dori-Bachash, Avner Leshem, Shlomik Itav, Yotam Cohen, Jotham Suez, Niv Zmora, Claudia Moresi, Shahar Molina, Niv Ayalon, Rafael Valdes-Mas, Shanni Hornstein, Hodaya Karbi, Denise Kviatcovsky, Adi Livne, Aurelie Bukimer, Shimrit Eliyahu-Miller, Alona Metz, Alexander Brandis, Tevie Mehlman, Yael Kuperman, Michael Tsoory, Noa Stettner, Alon Harmelin, Hagit Shapiro, Eran Elinav
Summary: Smoking and cessation induce a dysbiotic state in the intestines, leading to weight gain. Depletion of gut microbiota induced by antibiotics prevents weight gain after smoking cessation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Malin Larsson, Nils-Petter Rudqvist, Johan Spetz, Toshima Z. Parris, Britta Langen, Khalil Helou, Eva Forssell-Aronsson
Summary: This study aimed to compare the differences in RNA and protein expression in the thyroid and plasma of young and adult rats exposed to I-131 irradiation, and identify potential age-dependent biomarkers for I-131 exposure. The results showed distinct age-dependent differences in gene and protein expression, and novel biomarkers for thyroid I-131 exposure were identified.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Miaomiao Xu, Zhanpeng Zhang, Zhiyong Li, Shunyan Kan, Zhaoxiang Liu, Desheng Wang, Qihui Liu, Hua Zhang
Summary: This study analyzed NEOs and their metabolites in paired urine and blood samples collected from young adults in China. The results showed widespread detection of NEOs and their metabolites in both urine and blood samples, with gender-related differences in concentrations. Urinary levels were found to be good predictors of human exposure to NEOs and their metabolites.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
D. Gallart-Mateu, P. Dualde, C. Coscolla, J. M. Soriano, S. Garrigues, M. de la Guardia
Summary: The exposure to smoking related products was evaluated through the analysis of urine samples of smokers and vapers. The study identified and quantified various biomarkers and their metabolites in the urine samples. The findings suggest that traditional smoking practice is a major source of carcinogenic chemicals compared to substitutive practices, although there are still potential harm in alternative practices.
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Cong Xi, Hua Zhao, Xue Lu, Tian-Jing Cai, Shuang Li, Ke-Hui Liu, Mei Tian, Qing-Jie Liu
Summary: The study utilized high-coverage targeted lipidomics to screen radiosensitive lipids, showing good sensitivity and specificity in triaging different radiation exposure levels by combined lipids. A novel strategy for radiation early triage and dose estimation was established using lipid panels, suggesting the feasibility of using targeted lipidomics for rapid, high-throughput triage in radiation biodosimetry.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tereza Fenclova, Marouane Chemek, Jirina Havrankova, Yaroslav Kolinko, Vendula Sudova, Jiri Moravec, Jana Navratilova, Pavel Klein, Milena Kralickova, Jan Nevoral
Summary: This study found that exposure to bisphenol S (BPS) through breast milk had negative effects on the testicular tissue health of adult male mice, including an increase in the number of connections in the blood-testis barrier and oxidative stress markers. Breast milk serves as a route of exposure to endocrine disruptors that may be responsible for idiopathic male infertility.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Arezoo Habibagahi, Shabana Siddique, Shelley A. Harris, Nicholas Alderman, Rocio Aranda-Rodriguez, Imen Farhat, Jonathan Chevrier, Cariton Kubwabo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate quality control measures in the determination of urinary nicotine and related compounds, with results showing that a one-step extraction procedure using cold acetone achieved very low detection limits, good recoveries, and precisions. Target analyte levels were higher in urine samples from smokers compared to non-smokers, with no significant differences observed between former smokers, never smokers, and individuals exposed to environmental tobacco smoke.
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Xiaoqi Wang, Dongli Li, Yong Cao, Chi-Tang Ho, Qingrong Huang
Summary: The study synthesized possible metabolites of sinensetin and successfully identified five mono-demethylated metabolites in rats. Among them, 4'-demethylsinensetin, 6-demethylsinensetin, and 3'-demethylsinensetin were the most abundant metabolites. Results also indicated that sinensetin may be easily absorbed in the small intestine, as the total amount of Sin with its metabolites showed a significantly higher content in urine compared to feces.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Hideaki Ishii, Gary Ngai-Wa Leung, Shozo Yamashita, Shun-ichi Nagata, Asuka Kushiro, Satoshi Sakai, Kota Toju, Jun Okada, Kazumi Kawasaki, Kanichi Kusano, Isao Kijima-Suda
Summary: The use of nicotine stimulants in horses is generally banned due to potential nicotine exposure from accidental consumption of tobacco products. A comprehensive metabolic study of nicotine in horses was conducted, and potential biomarkers, such as trans-3'-hydroxycotinine and anatabine, were identified in equine urine and plasma to indicate recent tobacco product exposure.
DRUG TESTING AND ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jianzhong Hu, Corina Lesseur, Yu Miao, Fabiana Manservisi, Simona Panzacchi, Daniele Mandrioli, Fiorella Belpoggi, Jia Chen, Lauren Petrick
Summary: The study found that exposure to glyphosate-based herbicides can significantly alter the urine metabolite profiles of rat dams and pups, with differences observed between female and male pups. There was a significant increase in homocysteine in both Roundup and glyphosate exposed pups, but only in males. Additionally, correlation analysis indicated a negative relationship between the gut microbiome Prevotella and homocysteine levels.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)