Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiaorong Wang, Liying Zhu, Xiaoqiong Li, Xin Wang, Ruirong Hao, Jinjun Li
Summary: This study investigated the effects of HFCS on body fat and intestinal microbiota in mice, finding that HFCS increased body fat and altered the microbial composition. The Christensenellaceae R-7 group showed a negative correlation with various fat measures.
NPJ SCIENCE OF FOOD
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wen Z. Yang, Hengchang Xie, Xiaosa Du, Qian Zhou, Yan Xiao, Zhengdong Zhao, Xiaoning Jia, Jianhui Xu, Wen Zhang, Shuang Cai, Zhangjie Li, Xin Fu, Rong Hua, Junhao Cai, Shuang Chang, Jing Sun, Hongbin Sun, Qingqing Xu, Xinyan Ni, Hongqing Tu, Ruimao Zheng, Xiaohong Xu, Hong Wang, Yu Fu, Liming Wang, Xi Li, Haitao Yang, Qiyuan Yao, Tian Yu, Qiwei Shen, Wei L. Shen
Summary: The neural pathways responsible for cold defense regulation are still unclear. In this study, the authors found that there are parallel thermogenic pathways from the brainstem to the hypothalamus that work together to enable resilience to cold temperature exposure and hypothermia. These pathways are crucial for cold defense and can induce strong cold-defense responses.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Immunology
David J. Friedman, Monika Kizerwetter, Paul Belmonte, Matthew Rajcula, Keith Theodore, Hyun Se Kim Lee, Michael J. Shapiro, Haidong Dong, Virginia Smith Shapiro
Summary: This study reveals the role of ST8Sia6 in regulating antitumor immunity in immune cells. Loss of ST8Sia6 enhances immune response, promotes activation of macrophages and dendritic cells, and leads to a more inflammatory phenotype of regulatory T cells.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
David J. Friedman, Monika Kizerwetter, Paul Belmonte, Matthew Rajcula, Keith Theodore, Hyun Se Kim Lee, Michael J. Shapiro, Haidong Dong, Virginia Smith Shapiro
Summary: ST8Sia6 plays a role in regulating antitumor immunity by generating ligands for Siglecs that dampen the immune response, and its loss leads to enhanced intratumoral activation of macrophages and dendritic cells, as well as a change in the phenotype of regulatory T cells.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lucie Valek, Bao Ngoc Tran, Irmgard Tegeder
Summary: The study found that nucleoredoxin (NXN) plays an important role in regulating thermal sensation and nociception. The loss of NXN in neurons leads to increased sensitivity to cold temperature and heightened heat nociception in mice. These abnormal responses are associated with changes in calcium influx, mitochondrial dysfunction, and increased density of neurite trees in sensory neurons.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Song Yan, Ying Ju, Jie Dong, Hui Lei, Jun Wang, Qian Xu, Yefei Ma, Jingjing Wang, Xiaohong Wang
Summary: Concerns about the harmful effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation (RF-EMR) on male fertility and offspring health are growing. This study found that long-term exposure to RF-EMR did not impair testis, sperm quality, and pregnancy rate in male mice. However, it did result in an elevated apoptosis rate in testis germ cells and caused male-specific alterations in body weight trajectories and glucose metabolism of F1 mice.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ling-Li Chen, Jia-Qiang Huang, Yuan-Yuan Wu, Liang-Bing Chen, Shu-Ping Li, Xu Zhang, Sen Wu, Fa-Zheng Ren, Xin-Gen Lei
Summary: Selenoprotein V (SELENOV) knockout in mice resulted in increased body weight and fat mass accumulation, along with decreased energy expenditure. SELENOV interacted with O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), leading to decreased OGT protein levels and activity, potentially impacting fat metabolism through O-GlcNAcylation regulation.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
T. Tribout, S. Minery, R. Vallee, S. Saille, D. Saunier, P. Martin, V. Ducrocq, P. Faverdin, D. Boichard
Summary: This study aimed to estimate the genetic correlation between body weight loss and daily milk production in first- and second-lactation Holstein cows. The results showed a moderate to low correlation between body weight loss and milk production, indicating that it may be possible to select for high milk production without compromising cow health.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Matthias Karer, Marlene Rager-Resch, Teresa Haider, Karin Petroczi, Elisabeth Gludovacz, Nicole Borth, Bernd Jilma, Thomas Boehm
Summary: The study aims to evaluate the contribution of endogenous diamine oxidase (DAO) in inactivating exogenous histamine and test the efficacy of recombinant human DAO in a histamine challenge model. The results show that treatment with recombinant human DAO significantly reduces histamine-induced core body temperature loss and histamine concentrations and prevents the development of severe clinical symptoms.
INFLAMMATION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Ioannis Evangelakos, Anastasia Kuhl, Miriam Baguhl, Christian Schlein, Clara John, Julia K. Rohde, Markus Heine, Joerg Heeren, Anna Worthmann
Summary: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an attractive therapeutic target for cardio metabolic diseases due to its heat-producing function and ability to lower hyperlipidemia. The synthesis of bile acids (BA) and activation of thermogenesis in BAT are important for systemic lipid metabolism. The study reveals that Cyp7b1 plays a crucial role in BAT function and lipid clearance.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alberte Wollesen Breum, Sarah Falk, Charlotte Sashi Aier Svendsen, Trine Sand Nicolaisen, Cecilie Vad Mathiesen, Uwe Maskos, Christoffer Clemmensen
Summary: The physiological and molecular mechanisms by which nicotine affects energy homeostasis and food-motivated behaviors are not well understood. This study demonstrates the divergent roles of alpha 5 and beta 4 subunits of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in food reward and the essential role of beta 4-containing nAChRs in the weight-lowering effects of nicotine in obese mice. The study also suggests a crosstalk between incretin biology and nAChR signaling through beta 4-containing nAChRs. Further research into cholinergic neurotransmission and targeted treatments involving beta 4-containing nAChRs is encouraged.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marefa Jahan, Cara Wilson, Shawn McGrath, Nidhish Francis, Peter C. Wynn, Yuguang Du, Bruce Allworth, Bing Wang
Summary: The study demonstrated that Chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) could be easily incorporated into sheep feed without affecting palatability. Maternal COS supplementation did not influence the body weight of ewes or lambs, but significantly increased immune response, especially concentrations of immunoglobulin M and interleukin 2.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Norihiro Imai, Hayley T. Nicholls, Michele Alves-Bezerra, Yingxia Li, Anna A. Ivanova, Eric A. Ortlund, David E. Cohen
Summary: This study revealed the crucial role of skeletal muscle Them2 in the pathogenesis of HS and IR, suggesting it as a potential target for the management of NAFLD.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kari T. Chambers, Michael A. Cooper, Alison R. Swearingen, Rita T. Brookheart, George G. Schweitzer, Carla J. Weinheimer, Attila Kovacs, Timothy R. Koves, Deborah M. Muoio, Kyle S. McCommis, Brian N. Finck
Summary: Loss of Lipin 1 impairs cardiac functional reserve through effects on glycerolipid homeostasis, mitochondrial function, and protein kinase A signaling.
Article
Neurosciences
Cong Liu, Qian Hu, Yan Chen, Lingqian Wu, Xionghao Liu, Desheng Liang
Summary: The functions of the brain-enriched protein Stxbp6 have been poorly understood for the past two decades. By generating a global Stxbp6-knockout mouse, researchers found that Stxbp6 loss affects weight gain and alters the expression of genes associated with the nervous system. Additionally, KEGG enrichment analysis suggests potential regulatory pathways of Stxbp6 in the central nervous system, particularly in complement and coagulation cascades.