Article
Cell Biology
Naoto Hori, Yuki Takakura, Ayumi Sugino, Shuto Iwasawa, Kota Nomizo, Naoto Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki Takano, Noritaka Yamaguchi
Summary: In this study, the researchers found that VGLL3 promotes epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-like cell motility by inducing HMGA2 expression and accelerates cancer progression. High levels of VGLL3 expression were shown to have a positive correlation with poor prognosis in various human cancers.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mehran Pashirzad, Thozhukat Sathyapalan, Afsana Sheikh, Prashant Kesharwani, Amirhossein Sahebkar
Summary: This review summarizes the current understanding of CRC-SCs in the progression of CRC and the prognostic importance of these CSCs and their markers in colorectal cancer. Moreover, various therapeutic approaches against markers-expressing CRC SC are also discussed.
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stefan Bohn, Lorenz Hexemer, Zixin Huang, Laura Strohmaier, Sonja Lenhardt, Stefan Legewie, Alexander Loewer
Summary: SMAD-mediated signaling regulates cell fate decisions by responding to different ligands of the TGF(3 family, with the nature of the response determined by the proliferation status of the cells. Ligand identity modulates the strength of the response, which is correlated with SMAD nuclear-to-cytoplasmic translocation and gene expression changes. The proliferation state of the cell affects the sensitivity to TGF(3 superfamily members, while the pathway itself serves as a relay from the cell membrane to the nucleus.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaomeng Dai, Yixuan Guo, Yan Hu, Xuanwen Bao, Xudong Zhu, Qihan Fu, Hangyu Zhang, Zhou Tong, Lulu Liu, Yi Zheng, Peng Zhao, Weijia Fang
Summary: The rapid development and remarkable success of checkpoint inhibitors in cancer treatment, including hepatocellular carcinoma, has provided significant breakthroughs. However, only a small percentage of patients benefit from these inhibitors, as cancer stem cells play a crucial role in recurrence, metastasis, and resistance to therapy. Understanding the mechanisms of immune evasion by CSCs in HCC is essential for developing effective therapies.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sabrina Summer, Eva Rossmanith, Markus Pasztorek, Constantin Fiedler, Marion Groeger, Sabine Rauscher, Viktoria Weber, Michael B. Fischer
Summary: Mesenchymal stem cells play a crucial role in supporting endothelial cells during tissue regeneration and new vessel formation. By co-culturing these cells in a specific microenvironment, complex vascular networks can be formed. Under dynamic flow conditions, mesenchymal stem cells can bind to damaged endothelial cells, potentially aiding in the healing process.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Xueyue Wang, Yan Ruan, Junlei Zhang, Yanping Tian, Lianlian Liu, JiaLi Wang, Gaoke Liu, Yuda Cheng, Yixiao Xu, Yi Yang, Meng Yu, Binyu Zhao, Yue Zhang, Jiaqi Wang, Jiangjun Wang, Wei Wu, Ping He, Lan Xiao, Jiaxiang Xiong, Rui Jian
Summary: The study identifies two Yap splicing isoforms in ESCs with different distributions and effects on self-renewal and differentiation potential, with Yap472 playing a more essential role in neuroectoderm differentiation.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Li Xu, Caixia Ji, Tingting Yu, Jinyong Luo
Summary: Diseases such as bone nonunion and osteoporosis seriously impact people's quality of life, and bone tissue engineering using mesenchymal stem cells is an effective solution. Previous studies have shown the efficacy of BMP9 in promoting osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study investigated the role of Gli1 and Gli2 in BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. The results demonstrated that inhibition of Gli1 and Gli2 weakened BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation and reduced the expression of key osteogenic markers, as well as the activation of p-Smad1/5/8 and p-p38 induced by BMP9. In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of Gli1 and Gli2 in BMP9-induced osteogenic differentiation.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Panyu Yang, Yanyan Yang, Pin Sun, Yu Tian, Fang Gao, Chen Wang, Tingyu Zong, Min Li, Ying Zhang, Tao Yu, Zhirong Jiang
Summary: Beta II spectrin plays crucial roles in the development of various organs and regulates multiple cellular functions. Dysfunction of beta II spectrin is associated with diseases, highlighting the potential therapeutic targets for future research. Understanding the regulatory mechanism of beta II spectrin signal inactivation and recovery may offer hope for the treatment of related diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Junya Ning, Yingnan Ye, Dechao Bu, Gang Zhao, Tianqiang Song, Pengpeng Liu, Wenwen Yu, Hailong Wang, Hui Li, Xiubao Ren, Guoguang Ying, Yi Zhao, Jinpu Yu
Summary: The imbalance of TGF-β1/BMP-7 pathways is associated with aggressive features and poor outcomes in HCC. Modulating this imbalance through miR-17-92 cluster and ACVR1 inhibitors could be a potential therapeutic strategy for HCC.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Xinhai Lin, Haodong Wang, Tiantian Wu, Yaqin Zhu, Long Jiang
Summary: These findings suggest that exosomal miR-126 derived from SCAPs under hypoxia can enhance HUVEC angiogenesis by suppressing SPRED1 and activating the ERK signaling pathway.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Makoto Ohmoto, Shugo Nakamura, Hong Wang, Peihua Jiang, Junji Hirota, Ichiro Matsumoto
Summary: This study reveals the dynamics of single stem cells in the turnover of taste bud cells. The Sox2(+) stem cell population is maintained by balancing the increase of certain stem cells with the reduction of others. Taste buds are composed of cells derived from multiple Sox2(+) stem cells.
Article
Cell Biology
Sheng Li, Lina Wu, Hong Zhang, Xijuan Liu, Zilei Wang, Bin Dong, Guang Cao
Summary: The study found that GINS1 is highly expressed in HCC tumors, associated with tumor grades, and predicts poor patient survival. By regulating the HRAS signaling pathway, GINS1 enhances HCC progression and promotes the stem cell activity of tumor cells. In addition, knocking down GINS1 can increase the sensitivity of HCC cells to sorafenib.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Shushu Song, Yinghong Shi, Weicheng Wu, Hao Wu, Lei Chang, Peike Peng, Lei Zhang, Jia Fan, Jianxin Gu, Yuanyuan Ruan
Summary: Dysfunction of ER proteins is closely related to HCC development. RTN3 is expressed in normal hepatocytes but downregulated in HCC, predicting poor outcomes in patients with certain gene mutations or infections. RTN3 functions as a suppressor of HCC by activating the Chk2/p53 pathway, but its effects are abrogated in HBV-positive cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuki Takakura, Naoto Hori, Natsumi Terada, Moeka Machida, Naoto Yamaguchi, Hiroyuki Takano, Noritaka Yamaguchi
Summary: Elevated VGLL3 expression is associated with NF-kappa B activation and IL-1 alpha secretion, potentially leading to an inflammatory response. TGF-beta signaling induces VGLL3 expression, which in turn promotes IL-1 alpha secretion and NF-kappa B activation, contributing to inflammation in diseases like highly malignant breast cancer.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kuo-Shyang Jeng, Chiung-Fang Chang, I-Shyang Sheen, Chi-Juei Jeng, Chih-Hsuan Wang
Summary: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major cause of cancer death worldwide. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) in HCC play essential roles in tumor progression, resistance to therapy, and metastasis. Several surface markers, including EpCAM, CD90, CD44, and CD133, are used to identify liver CSCs, and multiple molecular signaling pathways, such as Wnt/beta-catenin, TGF-beta, SHH, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, and Notch, are implicated. Different markers are associated with poor prognosis, advanced tumor stages, early metastasis, and increased recurrence rate. Targeting CSCs and reducing their population is crucial for improving the treatment of advanced HCC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
