Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jungeun Lim, Hyokyoung G. G. Hong, Stephanie J. Weinstein, Mary C. Playdon, Amanda J. Cross, Rachael Stolzenberg-Solomon, Neal D. Freedman, Jiaqi Huang, Demetrius Albanes
Summary: The effects of vitamin E supplementation on cancer and other chronic diseases are unclear. This study compared the serum metabolomic profile of different vitamin E dosages and found significant associations between vitamin E supplementation and various metabolites, including C-22 lactone sulfate and androgens. The study also discovered distinct responses in steroid hormone pathways based on vitamin E dosages. Further research is needed to better understand the biological effects of vitamin E in relation to cancer and other chronic diseases.
Article
Oncology
Lauren M. Hurwitz, Nadine Dogbe, Kathryn Hughes Barry, Stella Koutros, Sonja Berndt
Summary: This study found that obesity indirectly increases the risk of prostate cancer mortality by affecting the efficacy of prostate cancer screening. Higher BMI was negatively associated with prostate cancer incidence but positively associated with prostate cancer mortality. However, this association was not influenced by screening outcomes.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Margaret Hoyt, Yiqing Song, Sujuan Gao, Jacquelynn O'Palka, Jianjun Zhang
Summary: Overweight in young adulthood and obesity in middle adulthood may contribute to an elevated risk of pancreatic cancer. However, there is no association between prediagnostic adulthood BMI trajectory and pancreatic cancer risk.
Article
Oncology
Guo-Chao Zhong, Qian Zhu, Dong Cai, Jie-Jun Hu, Xin Dai, Jian-Ping Gong, Wei-Ping Sun
Summary: This study found that high consumption of ultra-processed foods is associated with an increased risk of pancreatic cancer, with a stronger correlation observed in individuals under the age of 65. These findings suggest that reducing the intake of ultra-processed foods may be beneficial in decreasing the incidence of pancreatic cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathleen M. McClain, Joshua N. Sampson, Jessica L. Petrick, Kaitlyn M. Mazzilli, Robert E. Gerszten, Clary B. Clish, Mark P. Purdue, Loren Lipworth, Steven C. Moore
Summary: This study found that six serum metabolites were associated with the risk of kidney cancer, and three of these metabolites had independent associations in the mutually adjusted model. These metabolites may point to new biological pathways relevant to kidney malignancy.
Article
Oncology
Qian Wang, Meng Ru, Yaning Zhang, Tamara Kurbanova, Paolo Boffetta
Summary: The study suggests that higher dietary intake of phytoestrogens may reduce the risk of lung cancer in a Caucasian-dominant population, particularly among smokers, non-small cell histology, males, and females, with no significant linear trend observed. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and investigate the mechanisms of action and interactions with smoking and endogenous estrogens.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zongze Jiang, Huilin Chen, Ming Li, Wei Wang, Chuanwen Fan, Feiwu Long
Summary: In this study, moderate consumption of carrots was found to be associated with a lower incidence of colorectal cancer, while the association with dietary carrot and beta-carotene intake was not significant. Smoking status was found to modify the association between dietary carrot intake and colorectal cancer incidence.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Holli A. Loomans-Kropp, Paul Pinsky, Asad Umar
Summary: The study found that aspirin use was not associated with a reduced risk of developing breast, bladder, esophageal, gastric, pancreatic, or uterine cancers in older individuals. However, it was linked to improved survival in bladder and breast cancer patients.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Robert Thomas, Basma Greef, Alex McConnachie, Bethany Stanley, Madeleine Williams
Summary: The study found a small positive association between drinking tea and a reduced risk of prostate cancer among tea drinkers, but this does not support starting to drink tea for men who did not previously drink tea to reduce the risk. Further research is needed to determine whether tea is justified for future prospective nutritional intervention studies investigating prostate cancer prevention.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Susan R. Sturgeon, David A. Sela, Eva P. Browne, Jonah Einson, Asha Rani, Mohamed Halabi, Thomas Kania, Andrew Keezer, Raji Balasubramanian, Regina G. Ziegler, Catherine Schairer, Karl T. Kelsey, Kathleen F. Arcaro
Summary: Analysis of WBC DNA methylation in breast cancer cases and noncases revealed potential associations with breast cancer risk, although the specific patterns were not conclusively identified. Further research is needed to better understand the link between prediagnostic WBC DNA methylation marks and breast cancer.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Honggang Qi, Dan Xia, Xin Xu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between dietary glycemic index (GI) or glycemic load (GL) and renal cancer risk. The results showed a significant association between high GI and renal cancer risk, while there was no significant association between GL and renal cancer risk.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Julian Matthias Metzler, Daniel Fink, Patrick Imesch
Summary: Ibrutinib, a small-molecule inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase, is used to treat hematological diseases like chronic lymphocytic leukemia. The hypothesis that it may suppress the tumor marker CA-125 in ovarian cancer is based on an observation in a patient with low-grade serous ovarian cancer who received ibrutinib for CLL. A mechanistic model explaining this potential drug effect is proposed for further research.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lauren A. King, Nicolas Wentzensen, Mark P. Purdue, Hormuzd A. Katki, Ligia A. Pinto, Britton Trabert
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the association between self-reported history of benign gynecologic pathologies and systemic inflammation. The results showed that benign ovarian cysts were associated with increased PAI-1 and TGF-beta 1, and decreased BCA-1. Uterine fibroids were associated with decreased CXCL11 and VEGFR3. Endometriosis was associated with increased SIL-4R. These findings suggest that benign gynecologic pathologies may be related to cancer risk.
ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Dongfang You, Mingzhi Zhang, Wenjing He, Danhua Wang, Yang Yu, Zhaolei Yu, Theis Lange, Sheng Yang, Yongyue Wei, Hongxia Ma, Zhibin Hu, Hongbing Shen, Feng Chen, Yang Zhao
Summary: The study revealed that sodium intake was significantly associated with lung cancer incidence in men, while potassium intake might have a quadratic curve correlation with lung cancer risk in women. Adequate potassium intake had a protective effect against lung cancer, whereas high sodium consumption was linked to an increased risk of lung cancer.
TRANSLATIONAL LUNG CANCER RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Vicky C. C. Chang, Jongeun Rhee, Sonja I. I. Berndt, Steven C. C. Moore, Neal D. D. Freedman, Rena R. R. Jones, Debra T. T. Silverman, Gretchen L. L. Gierach, Jonathan N. N. Hofmann, Mark P. P. Purdue
Summary: In this nested case-control study, prediagnostic serum levels of PFOS and PFOA were found to be associated with breast cancer risk, particularly for hormone receptor-positive tumors, providing evidence of a possible positive association.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Makoto Kobayashi, Hiroyuki Katayama, Ehsan Irajizad, Jody V. Vykoukal, Johannes F. Fahrmann, Deepali L. Kundnani, Chuan-Yih Yu, Yining Cai, Fu Chung Hsiao, Wei-Lei Yang, Zhen Lu, Joseph Celestino, James P. Long, Kim-Ann Do, Karen H. Lu, Jon J. Ladd, Nicole Urban, Robert C. Bast, Samir M. Hanash
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yao-Cheng Li, Nikki K. Lytle, Seth T. Gammon, Luke Wang, Tikvah K. Hayes, Margie N. Sutton, Robert C. Bast, Channing J. Der, David Piwnica-Worms, Frank McCormick, Geoffrey M. Wahl
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Alicia M. Blessing, Janice M. Santiago-O'Farrill, Weiqun Mao, Lan Pang, Jing Ning, Daewoo Pak, Lakshmi Reddy Bollu, Philip Rask, LaKesla Iles, Hailing Yang, Samantha Tran, Ezzeddine Elmir, Geoffrey Bartholomeusz, Robert Langley, Zhen Lu, Robert C. Bast
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Olga Kim, Eun Young Park, David L. Klinkebiel, Svetlana D. Pack, Yong-Hyun Shin, Zied Abdullaev, Robert E. Emerson, Donna M. Coffey, Sun Young Kwon, Chad J. Creighton, Sanghoon Kwon, Edmund C. Chang, Theodore Chiang, Alexander N. Yatsenko, Jeremy Chien, Dong-Joo Cheon, Yang Yang-Hartwich, Harikrishna Nakshatri, Kenneth P. Nephew, Richard R. Behringer, Facundo M. Fernandez, Chi-Heum Cho, Barbara Vanderhyden, Ronny Drapkin, Robert C. Bast, Kathy D. Miller, Adam R. Karpf, Jaeyeon Kim
Article
Oncology
Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj, Oleg Blyuss, Andy Ryan, Matthew Burnell, Chloe Karpinskyj, Richard Gunu, Jatinderpal K. Kalsi, Anne Dawnay, Ines P. Marino, Ranjit Manchanda, Karen Lu, Wei-Lei Yang, John F. Timms, Max Parmar, Steven J. Skates, Robert C. Bast, Ian J. Jacobs, Alexey Zaikin, Usha Menon
Article
Oncology
Robert C. Bast, Zhen Lu, Chae Young Han, Karen H. Lu, Karen S. Anderson, Charles W. Drescher, Steven J. Skates
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Dengxuan Fan, Hailing Yang, Weiqun Mao, Philip J. Rask, Lan Pang, Congjian Xu, Hariprasad Vankayalapat, Ahmed A. Ahmed, Robert C. Bast, Zhen Lu
Summary: The study reveals that ARN-3261 can enhance the efficacy of paclitaxel and carboplatin in treating ovarian cancer by increasing their ability to kill cancer cells and decreasing survivin levels. Further clinical evaluation of ARN-3261 is warranted based on these preclinical findings.
Article
Oncology
Johannes F. Fahrmann, Ehsan Irajizad, Makoto Kobayashi, Jody Vykoukal, Jennifer B. Dennison, Eunice Murage, Ranran Wu, James P. Long, Kim-Anh Do, Joseph Celestino, Karen H. Lu, Zhen Lu, Robert C. Bast, Samir Hanash
Summary: The study identified a plasma polyamine signature associated with ovarian cancer that complemented CA125 in detecting early-stage ovarian cancer, providing potential markers for improving sensitivity in ovarian cancer detection. Mass spectrometry quantified four polyamines in plasma samples from ovarian cancer cases and controls, with a polyamine signature showing improved sensitivity and capturing cases missed by CA125 alone. This MYC-driven plasma polyamine signature offers promise for enhancing early ovarian cancer detection.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Anna Lokshin, Robert C. Bast, Karin Rodland
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Mara Artibani, Kenta Masuda, Zhiyuan Hu, Pascal C. Rauher, Garry Mallett, Nina Wietek, Matteo Morotti, Kay Chong, Mohammad KaramiNejadRanjbar, Christos E. Zois, Sunanda Dhar, Salma El-Sahhar, Leticia Campo, Sarah P. Blagden, Stephen Damato, Pubudu N. Pathiraja, Shibani Nicum, Fergus Gleeson, Alexandros Laios, Abdulkhaliq Alsaadi, Laura Santana Gonzalez, Takeshi Motohara, Ashwag Albukhari, Zhen Lu, Robert C. Bast, Adrian L. Harris, Christer S. Ejsing, Robin W. Klemm, Christopher Yau, Tatjana Sauka-Spengler, Ahmed Ashour Ahmed
Summary: In this study, researchers found that minimal residual disease (MRD) cells in ovarian cancer patients share important molecular signatures with tumor-initiating cells (TICs), while also exhibiting an adipocyte-like gene expression signature and undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Through a cell culture MRD model, it was discovered that MRD-mimic cells are dependent on fatty acid oxidation (FAO) for survival and resistance to cytotoxic agents. These findings suggest that EMT and FAO could be potential targets for eradicating MRD in ovarian cancer and support further testing of FAO inhibitors for MRD treatment.
Article
Oncology
Chae Young Han, David A. Patten, Se Ik Kim, Jung Jin Lim, David W. Chan, Michelle K. Y. Siu, Youngjin Han, Euridice Carmona, Robin J. Parks, Cheol Lee, Li-Jun Di, Zhen Lu, Karen K. L. Chan, Ja-Lok Ku, Elizabeth A. Macdonald, Barbara C. Vanderhyden, Anne-Marie Mes-Masson, Hextan Y. S. Ngan, Annie N. Y. Cheung, Yong Sang Song, Robert C. Bast, Mary-Ellen Harper, Benjamin K. Tsang
Summary: This study highlights the functional interaction between HKII and activated P-p53 (Ser15) in the regulation of bioenergetics and chemosensitivity, emphasizing the increased nuclear HKII-P-p53 (Ser15) interaction as a potential prognostic biomarker in ovarian cancer.
Review
Oncology
Gamze Bildik, Xiaowen Liang, Margie N. Sutton, Robert C. Bast, Zhen Lu
Summary: DIRAS3 is an imprinted tumor suppressor gene that blocks RAS function, inhibits malignant transformation and cancer cell growth, and facilitates the survival of dormant cancer cells. Downregulation of DIRAS3 expression is associated with various cancers and can serve as a target for novel therapy after conventional treatment.
MOLECULAR CANCER THERAPEUTICS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Kristin L. M. Boylan, Ashley Petersen, Timothy K. Starr, Xuan Pu, Melissa A. Geller, Robert C. Bast, Karen H. Lu, Ugo Cavallaro, Denise C. Connolly, Kevin M. Elias, Daniel W. Cramer, Tanja Pejovic, Amy P. N. Skubitz
Summary: This study aimed to develop a multiprotein classifier for detecting early stages of ovarian cancer by analyzing the levels of 92 cancer-related proteins in the blood. The combination of four proteins successfully detected over 90% of women with ovarian cancer and improved sensitivity and specificity compared to using CA125 alone. These findings suggest potential new biomarkers for early stage ovarian cancer detection.
Article
Oncology
Na Niu, Jun Yao, Robert C. Bast, Anil K. Sood, Jinsong Liu
Summary: The research revealed that IL-6 plays a crucial role in the formation and transformation of PGCCs into CAFs, and blocking IL-6 can attenuate tumor growth and inhibit drug resistance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Joshua P. Gray, Md. Nasir Uddin, Rajan Chaudhari, Margie N. Sutton, Hailing Yang, Philip Rask, Hannah Locke, Brian J. Engel, Nefeli Batistatou, Jing Wang, Brian J. Grindel, Pratip Bhattacharya, Seth T. Gammon, Shuxing Zhang, David Piwnica-Worms, Joshua A. Kritzer, Zhen Lu, Robert C. Bast, Steven W. Millward
Summary: Autophagy induction has been found to play a crucial role in the development of treatment resistance and dormancy in various cancer types. Current autophagy inhibitors, such as chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, face challenges of poor pharmacokinetics and high toxicity at therapeutic dosages. Through the use of Scanning Unnatural Protease Resistant (SUPR) mRNA display, macrocyclic peptides targeting the autophagy protein LC3 were developed, showing promising results in sensitizing platinum-resistant ovarian cancer cells to chemotherapy. These peptides disrupted protein-protein interactions and inhibited autophagic flux, leading to significant tumor growth inhibition in mouse models of metastatic ovarian cancer.