Article
Oncology
Si-Yue Zheng, Wei-Xiang Qi, Sheng-Guang Zhao, Jia-Yi Chen
Summary: The study found that postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) did not provide any survival benefit for patients with esophageal cancer (EC) who underwent neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and surgery. Well-designed prospective trials are needed to confirm these findings.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Juan Fernando Paz Rojas, Carlos A. Ballestas Almario, Herney Andres Garcia-Perdomo
Summary: The study evaluated the effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy compared with neoadjuvant chemotherapy in terms of overall survival and progression-free survival in node-positive penile cancer patients. The results showed no difference in overall survival, but a better response in progression-free survival with adjuvant chemotherapy. More studies with adequate design are needed to provide stronger recommendations.
UROLOGIC ONCOLOGY-SEMINARS AND ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jeanny Kwon, Byoung Hyuck Kim
Summary: This study investigates the role of adjuvant radiotherapy in neuroendocrine tumors treated with primary resection and systemic chemotherapy. A novel scoring system is proposed to guide the recommendation of adjuvant radiotherapy in selected patients.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sapna P. Patel, Megan Othus, Yuanbin Chen, G. Paul Wright, Kathleen J. Yost, John R. Hyngstrom, Siwen Hu-Lieskovan, Christopher D. Lao, Leslie A. Fecher, Thach-Giao Truong, Jennifer L. Eisenstein, Sunandana Chandra, Jeffrey A. Sosman, Kari L. Kendra, Richard C. Wu, Craig E. Devoe, Gary B. Deutsch, Aparna Hegde, Maya Khalil, Ankit Mangla, Amy M. Reese, Merrick I. Ross, Andrew S. Poklepovic, Giao Q. Phan, Adedayo A. Onitilo, Demet G. Yasar, Benjamin C. Powers, Gary C. Doolittle, Gino K. In, Niels Kokot, Geoffrey T. Gibney, Michael B. Atkins, Montaser Shaheen, James A. Warneke, Alexandra Ikeguchi, Jose E. Najera, Bartosz Chmielowski, Joseph G. Crompton, Justin D. Floyd, Eddy Hsueh, Kim A. Margolin, Warren A. Chow, Kenneth F. Grossmann, Eliana Dietrich, Victor G. Prieto, Michael C. Lowe, Elizabeth I. Buchbinder, John M. Kirkwood, Larissa Korde, James Moon, Elad Sharon, Vernon K. Sondak, Antoni Ribas
Summary: This study aimed to investigate whether giving pembrolizumab both before and after surgery would improve event-free survival in patients with resectable stage III or IV melanoma. Results showed that patients who received pembrolizumab both before and after surgery had significantly longer event-free survival. Overall rating: 9 out of 10.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Francesca De Felice, Vincenzo Tombolini, Enrico Cortesi
Summary: Locally advanced rectal cancer requires a multidisciplinary management involving neoadjuvant radiotherapy, conservative surgery, and chemotherapy. Recent studies have examined the potential benefits of altering the sequencing or intensity of the standard trimodal therapy components, with a focus on the clinical significance of total neoadjuvant treatment. More long-term results and prospective studies are needed to accurately determine the clinical benefits and establish the role of total neoadjuvant therapy in locally advanced rectal cancer.
TRANSLATIONAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Se Young Choi, Moon Soo Ha, Byung Hoon Chi, Jin Wook Kim, In Ho Chang, Tae-Hyoung Kim, Soon Chul Myung, Myoungsuk Kim, Kyung-Eun Lee, Yuwon Kim, Hyun-Ki Woo, Dae-Sung Kyoung, Hasung Kim
Summary: This study compared the perioperative outcomes, overall survival, and treatment trends in patients with bladder cancer who underwent radical cystectomy and received either neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy. The findings suggest that neoadjuvant chemotherapy is associated with better overall survival and lower administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor when compared to adjuvant chemotherapy. Therefore, neoadjuvant chemotherapy should be considered as a treatment option for bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Nora Tong, Aalok Kumar, Gerald Gelowitz, Anna Tinker, Caroline Holloway, Jenny Ko
Summary: This study evaluated the impact of different treatment modalities and risk factors on overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) in patients with FIGO stage III endometrial cancer. The results found that the use of adjuvant radiotherapy and chemotherapy was associated with better DFS and OS, and should be recommended for eligible patients after resection.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Hiroshi Doi, Hiroyuki Yokoyama, Naohito Beppu, Masayuki Fujiwara, Shogo Harui, Ayako Kakuno, Hidenori Yanagi, Yoshio Hishikawa, Naoki Yamanaka, Norihiko Kamikonya
Summary: Modified short-course radiotherapy (mSC-RT) using an accelerated hyperfractionated regimen followed by delayed surgery for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) achieved equivalent anti-tumor efficacy and acute toxicity compared to standard long- and short-course NA-RT. However, a high neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) was independently associated with poor overall survival (OS) in LARC patients receiving mSC-RT.
Review
Oncology
Ziwei Zhu, Yunyuan Xiao, Shengye Hu, Ziyuan Wang, Zaisheng Zhu
Summary: For patients with variant histology bladder cancers, neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) or adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) can improve overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) compared with radical cystectomy alone. NAC benefits the sarcomatoid and neuroendocrine subgroups, while only the neuroendocrine subgroup shows improved CSS with AC.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Jingjing Wu, Mingzhe Huang, Yuanhui Wu, Yisong Hong, Linbin Cai, Rongzhao He, Yanxin Luo, Puning Wang, Meijin Huang, Jinxin Lin
Summary: This study compared the therapeutic outcomes and survival rates of locally advanced rectal cancer patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (N-CT) or neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (N-CRT). The results showed that although N-CT caused fewer complications, there was no significant difference in survival rates compared to N-CRT. Therefore, N-CT could be considered as an alternative treatment for rectal cancer.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Wei-Xiang Qi, Chunrong Chen, Shengguang Zhao, Jiayi Chen
Summary: This study compared the outcomes of locally advanced esophageal cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (neo-CT) or chemoradiotherapy (neo-CRT), finding no significant survival difference between the two treatment regimens. Independent factors predicting survival included sex, histological grade, ypT stage, ypN(+), and number of LN examined. Further confirmation in well-designed prospective trials is needed.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Francesco Sclafani, Claudia Corro, Thibaud Koessler
Summary: Rectal cancers make up one third of all colorectal tumors and pose challenges such as reducing risks of relapse, preserving sphincter function, and improving overall survival. Total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) has shown some improvements in outcomes for locally advanced rectal cancer, but questions remain regarding patient selection criteria for this intensive treatment.
Article
Oncology
Andria R. Morielli, Normand G. Boule, Nawaid Usmani, Keith Tankel, Kurian Joseph, Diane Severin, Alysa Fairchild, Tirath Nijjar, Kerry S. Courneya
Summary: Exercise during neoadjuvant chemoradiation for rectal cancer may worsen some symptoms and decrease quality of life, but most negative effects dissipate after treatment.
JOURNAL OF CANCER SURVIVORSHIP
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Shouki Bazarbashi, Mahmoud A. Elshenawy, Ahmed Badran, Ali Aljubran, Ahmed Alzahrani, Hadeel Almanea, Abdullah Alsuhaibani, Ahmed Alashwah, Mohamed Neimatallah, Alaa Abduljabbar, Luai Ashari, Samar Alhomoud, Hazem Ghebeh, Tusneem Elhassan, Nasser Alsanea, Mohammed Mohiuddin
Summary: The efficacy and toxicity of preoperative concurrent infusional gemcitabine and radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer were tested in this study. The results showed that this treatment achieved an encouraging degree of local control with manageable toxicity.
Article
Oncology
Jared Millican, Mark Wong
Summary: Clinical guidelines recommend chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery for rectal cancer, but these treatments may be challenging for patients with prior prostate cancer. Few studies have examined treatment outcomes in this population. This retrospective study analyzed the treatment patterns and outcomes of rectal cancer patients with prior prostate cancer. It found that neoadjuvant chemotherapy was a well-tolerated option for stage III disease, while patients who did not receive neoadjuvant radiotherapy had acceptable outcomes but higher rates of loco-regional recurrence. These findings provide guidance for clinicians managing this challenging disease.
Article
Oncology
Alexandre A. Jacome, Timothy J. Vreeland, Benny Johnson, Yoshikuni Kawaguchi, Steven H. Wei, Y. Nancy You, Eduardo Vilar, Jean-Nicolas Vauthey, Cathy Eng
Summary: The study revealed that RAS mutations have a larger negative impact on survival in patients with early-age-onset colorectal cancer, especially in patients under 40 years old. Compared to late-age-onset colorectal cancer patients, RAS mutations in early-age-onset colorectal cancer patients had a more significant effect on survival.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Arvind Dasari, Alberto Sobrero, James Yao, Takayuki Yoshino, William Schelman, Zhao Yang, Caly Chien, Marek Kania, Josep Tabernero, Cathy Eng
Summary: Fruquintinib, a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is approved in China for metastatic colorectal cancer treatment. The global FRESCO-2 study aims to assess its efficacy and safety in refractory patients.
Editorial Material
Oncology
Dana B. Cardin, Cathy Eng
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Cathy Eng, Howard Hochster
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2021)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Andreana N. Holowatyj, Cathy Eng, Mark A. Lewis
JCO ONCOLOGY PRACTICE
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Richard M. Goldberg, Richard Adams, Marc Buyse, Cathy Eng, Axel Grothey, Thierry Andre, Alberto F. Sobrero, Stuart M. Lichtman, Al B. Benson, Cornelis J. A. Punt, Tim Maughan, Tomasz Burzykowski, Dirkje Sommeijer, Everardo D. Saad, Qian Shi, Elisabeth Coart, Benoist Chibaudel, Miriam Koopman, Hans-Joachim Schmoll, Takayuki Yoshino, Julien Taieb, Niall C. Tebbutt, John Zalcberg, Josep Tabernero, Eric Van Cutsem, Alastair Matheson, Aimery de Gramont
Summary: Meta-analysis based on individual participant data is a powerful method for synthesizing evidence in clinical cancer research. The ARCAD database is a leader in using this methodology for methodological research, providing valuable insights into endpoint selection and clinical response assessment.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Emma B. Holliday, Van K. Morris, Benny Johnson, Cathy Eng, Ethan B. Ludmir, Prajnan Das, Bruce D. Minsky, Cullen Taniguchi, Grace L. Smith, Eugene J. Koay, Albert C. Koong, Marc E. Delclos, John M. Skibber, Miguel A. Rodriguez-Bigas, Y. Nancy You, Brian K. Bednarski, Mathew M. Tillman, George J. Chang, Kristofer Jennings, Craig A. Messick
Summary: Despite being rare, the incidence of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus is increasing. This retrospective study evaluates the outcomes and toxicities of intensity-modulated radiation therapy-based chemoradiation for the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus and compares different chemosensitizers. The results suggest that IMRT-based chemoradiation with concurrent fluoropyrimidine and cisplatin is a safe and feasible option for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the anus. Further study is needed to determine the role of radiation dose escalation.
Article
Oncology
Michael LaPelusa, Chan Shen, Nina D. Arhin, Dana Cardin, Marcus Tan, Kamran Idrees, Sunil Geevarghese, Bapsi Chakravarthy, Jordan Berlin, Cathy Eng
Summary: The study found that pancreatic cancer is increasingly diagnosed in younger individuals, particularly in specific populations such as African Americans. Treatment for localized and regional-stage disease did not adhere to standard guidelines for pancreatic cancer, and young patients with early-onset pancreatic cancer received more treatment than older patients.
Review
Oncology
Cody M. Lebeck Lee, Ioannis A. Ziogas, Rajiv Agarwal, Sophoclis P. Alexopoulos, Kristen K. Ciombor, Lea K. Matsuoka, Daniel B. Brown, Cathy Eng
Summary: The 5-year overall survival rate of patients with unresectable metastatic colorectal cancer is poor, while historical data on liver transplantation in patients with colorectal liver metastases showed similarly poor outcomes. More recent limited data have shown improved survival rates in select patients. However, disease-free survival has not significantly improved. This systematic review aims to provide an up-to-date analysis of liver transplantation for colorectal liver metastases. Although early retrospective studies suggest potential benefits for carefully selected patients, there is a lack of prospective data in this area, and liver transplantation remains exploratory for patients with colorectal liver metastases. Challenges such as limited donor organ availability and defining appropriate selection criteria still need to be addressed. Further evidence from ongoing prospective trials is necessary to determine the extent of liver transplantation's role in patients with surgically unresectable colorectal liver metastases.
Review
Oncology
Cathy Eng, Kristen K. Ciombor, May Cho, Jennifer A. Dorth, Lakshmi N. Rajdev, David P. Horowitz, Marc J. Gollub, Alexandre A. Jacome, Natalie A. Lockney, Roberta L. Muldoon, Mary Kay Washington, Brittany A. O'Brian, Amala Benny, Cody M. Lebeck Lee, Al B. Benson, Karyn A. Goodman, Van Karlyle Morris
Summary: The social stigma surrounding an anal cancer diagnosis has traditionally prevented open discussions about the disease, but awareness is growing with recent treatment options and an increasing rate of diagnoses. The main risk factor for anal cancer is human papillomavirus infection; patients with HIV are more likely to develop anal cancer. This article provides an overview of anal canal carcinoma, the role of screening, advancements in radiation therapy, and current trials investigating treatment-related toxicities.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Oncology
Kristen K. Ciombor, Cathy Eng
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Andreana N. Holowatyj, Wanqing Wen, Timothy Gibbs, Hannah M. Seagle, Samantha R. Keller, Digna R. Velez Edwards, Mary K. Washington, Cathy Eng, Jose Perea, Wei Zheng, Xingyi Guo
Summary: This study investigated somatic mutation patterns in colorectal cancer patients of different races/ethnicities and sexes, finding that non-Hispanic Black and Asian/Pacific Islander patients with early-onset nonhypermutated colorectal cancer had higher tumor mutation rates compared to non-Hispanic white patients. Significant differences were observed in the mutation frequencies of several genes between racial/ethnic groups in early-onset nonhypermutated colorectal cancers. Furthermore, heterogeneity was observed in the effects of certain genes between early-onset and late-onset nonhypermutated colorectal cancer, as well as between males and females. These findings provide important insights into the genomic patterns and disparities of early-onset colorectal cancer based on race/ethnicity and sex.
Article
Oncology
Hagen F. Kennecke, Rebecca Auer, May Cho, N. Arvind Dasari, Cynthia Davies-Venn, Cathy Eng, Jennifer Dorth, Julio Garcia-Aguilar, Manju George, Karyn A. Goodman, Lillian Kreppel, Joshua E. Meyer, Jose Monzon, Leonard Saltz, Deborah Schrag, J. Joshua Smith, Jason A. Zell, Prajnan Das, Natl Canc Inst Rectal Anal Task Force
Summary: The optimal management of locally advanced rectal cancer is rapidly evolving. A task force convened by the National Cancer Institute developed consensus on the design of future clinical trials for rectal cancer based on iterative reviews and a Delphi analytical approach. The task force achieved consensus on various aspects, including the use of neoadjuvant therapy, the importance of patient involvement, the identification of patients likely to benefit from nonoperative management or minimally invasive surgery, the utility of circulating tumor DNA measurements, and the need for appropriate end points and data management.
JNCI-JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Michael LaPelusa, Christopher Cann, Kristen K. Ciombor, Cathy Eng
Summary: This study examined the genetic mutations in pretreatment tumor tissue and posttreatment ctDNA in patients with metastatic SCCA and assessed the impact of therapy on the concordance between them. The results showed a high degree of temporal mutational heterogeneity in patients with SCCA, supporting the use of ctDNA as a real-time tracking mechanism for solid tumors' molecular evolution. The study also highlighted the potential of ctDNA in identifying emerging actionable mutations. Further research is needed to validate these findings.
Article
Oncology
Richard L. Martin, Gretchen C. Edwards, Lauren R. Samuels, Cathy Eng, Christianne L. Roumie
Summary: Utilization of guideline concordant CRC adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) was assessed at a Veterans Health Administration (VHA) facility. Findings showed a decrease in AC receipt rate in recent years among high-risk stage II or stage III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.
