Article
Environmental Sciences
Andre S. Bogevik, Elisabeth Ytteborg, Alexander Klevedal Madsen, Ann-Elise Olderbakk Jordal, Odd Andre Karlsen, Ivar Ronnestad
Summary: In this study, polyethylene (PE) microplastics were added to Atlantic cod feeds at 1%, either in their original form or spiked with PCB-126. After a 4-week period, cod fed spiked PE showed a higher concentration of PCB-126 in liver and muscle samples compared to control and fish ingesting virgin PE. The expression of hepatic cyp1a was higher in cod fed spiked PE, indicating an accumulation of PCB-126 in the liver. Moreover, both spiked PE and virgin PE had an effect on the skin, suggesting a reduced skin barrier in fish fed a diet containing PE.
MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Velmurugu Puvanendran, Trilochan Swain, Helge Tveiten, Oyvind J. Hansen, Atle Mortensen
Summary: Larval cod require live prey for growth and survival, and prey concentration and feeding frequency are important factors. Water exchange rates and current also influence prey resident time and larval behavior. High water current induces stress and cortisol levels, while an intermediate rearing protocol leads to better growth and survival.
AQUACULTURE INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Huilin Yu, Junhui Zhang, Honghao Li, Yan Zhao, Shengyao Xia, Yang Qiu, Jiajin Zhu
Summary: This study found that electron beam irradiation can effectively inactivate SARS-CoV-2 and improve the quality indicators of Atlantic cod, but it also has some effects on the hardness, chewiness, and color of the fish.
Article
Cell Biology
Synne Arstad Bjornestad, Monica Hongro Solbakken, Kjetill S. Jakobsen, Sissel Jentoft, Oddmund Bakke, Cinzia Progida
Summary: Until recently, it was believed that MHC genes and their associated immune components had been conserved since their evolutionary emergence. However, sequencing of the Atlantic cod genome revealed a loss of MHC class II genes and an extreme expansion of MHC class I genes. These findings suggest a possible functional shift from MHC class II to MHC class I.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
A. Gimpel, K. M. Werner, F. -D. Bockelmann, H. Haslob, M. Kloppmann, M. Schaber, V. Stelzenmueller
Summary: Evaluating the ecological effects of offshore wind farm expansion is crucial for understanding socio-ecological trade-offs and informing area-based management. However, little is known about the impact on demersal fish. This study found that wind turbine piles with scour protection can serve as feeding grounds and spawning areas for Atlantic cod, suggesting positive effects on local cod populations and contributing to the urgently needed observational evidence.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Simon Henriksson, Ricardo T. Pereyra, Marte Sodeland, Olga Ortega-Martinez, Halvor Knutsen, Hakan Wennhage, Carl Andre
Summary: A study found two sympatric ecotypes of Atlantic cod in the Skagerrak and Kattegat region, indicating different adaptations to the environment. This highlights the importance of considering locally adapted ecotypes for fisheries management.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Joel M. Durant, Natalia Yaragina, Leif Christian Stige
Summary: This study investigated the spatiotemporal variability of juvenile Atlantic cod growth and survival using Barents Sea bottom survey data, finding that the location within the Barents Sea where age-1 cod are distributed affects their growth and survival. Year-classes in the western Barents Sea had higher mortality but faster growth compared to those distributed farther east, indicating a significant role of distribution in the survival and growth of age-1 cod.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
M. Fernandez-Miguez, V. Puvanendran, E. Burgerhout, P. Presa, H. Tveiten, K. Vorkamp, O. J. Hansen, G. S. Johansson, A. S. Bogevik
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of feed containing naturally weathered microplastics from the Oslofjord on the reproductive physiology of Atlantic cod. The results showed that microplastics had some effects on the sex hormone levels and enzyme production and function of the fish, but there were no major differences in overall biometrics or gonad histology. These findings suggest that the long-term consequences of microplastics on the ecosystem should be considered.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Bjoerghild Breistein, Geir Dahle, Torild Johansen, Francois Besnier, Maria Quintela, Per Erik Jorde, Halvor Knutsen, Jon-Ivar Westgaard, Kjell Nedreaas, Eva Farestveit, Kevin Alan Glover
Summary: This study examines the population genetic structure of coastal Atlantic cod in Norway and finds that the genetically distinct migratory ecotype NEAC plays a major role in shaping the genetic connectivity among populations. Additionally, there is limited connectivity between different fjords.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Marit Bjornevik, Albert K. D. Imsland, Henriette Hanssen, Bjorn Roth, Erik Vikingstad, Atle Foss
Summary: This study found that alternate day feeding of Atlantic cod can significantly increase weight gain and improve feed conversion ratio, while reducing feed consumption. Feeding on alternate days can greatly reduce feeding costs without compromising biomass growth.
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Ilya I. Gordeev, Yuri I. Bakay, Marina Yu. Kalashnikova, Andrey D. Logvinenko, Olga R. Emelianova, Sergey G. Sokolov
Summary: Atlantic cod and American plaice are commercially valuable species in the Barents Sea and are found to carry the nematodes from the Phocanema genus. The high abundance of Phocanema in these fish provides a convenient opportunity to study the genetic structure of these populations. Genetic analysis revealed that most of the isolated juveniles belonged to the species P. bulbosum. Furthermore, there were no significant differences found between the groups from different hosts and catch areas.
Article
Immunology
Verena Mertes, Alexander Kashulin Bekkelund, Leidy Lagos, Elia Ciani, Duncan Colquhoun, Hanne Haslene-Hox, Havard Sletta, Henning Sorum, Hanne Cecilie Winther-Larsen
Summary: The study tested isolated membrane vesicles as potential vaccine candidates for francisellosis in fish, but did not observe protective immunity in Atlantic cod and tilapia after vaccination. Further research is needed to understand the development of immunological memory in different fish species.
Article
Fisheries
Velmurugu Puvanendran, Oyvind J. Hansen
Summary: Studies have shown the negative short-term effects of early weaning on finfish larvae, but the information on its long-term effects on growth and economic loss is lacking. This study evaluated the short- and long-term effects of early weaning and late weaning on Atlantic cod, and found that late weaned fish showed significantly higher body weight at 30 months post-hatch compared to early weaned fish. A cost analysis indicated substantial financial benefit for commercial cod farming by using late weaning. Thus, it is recommended to use late weaning in order to gain considerable economic profit.
Article
Fisheries
V. Puvanendran, I. Rud, M. S. W. Breiland, J. A. Arnesen, L. Axelsson
Summary: The study demonstrated that feeding Atlantic cod larvae with two Carnobacterium divergens strains significantly improved growth, survival, and disease resistance. The enrichment of carnobacteria in the feed did not significantly impact the overall microbiota diversity or composition. Despite this, the probiotic treatment positively affected the performance and welfare of cod larvae.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Sunniva Hoel, Jorgen Lerfall, Anita Nordeng Jakobsen
Summary: This study assessed the growth and spoilage potential of Aeromonas bacteria in Atlantic cod fillets under different modified atmospheres. The results showed that atmospheres containing CO2/O2 or CO2/N2 significantly inhibited bacterial growth, while vacuum packaging promoted growth. Inoculation with bacteria did not significantly affect spoilage metabolite production.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Kara K. S. Layton, Brian Dempson, Paul V. R. Snelgrove, Steven J. Duffy, Amber M. Messmer, Ian G. Paterson, Nicholas W. Jeffery, Tony Kess, John B. Horne, Sarah J. Salisbury, Daniel E. Ruzzante, Paul Bentzen, David Cote, Cameron M. Nugent, Moira M. Ferguson, Jong S. Leong, Ben F. Koop, Ian R. Bradbury
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2020)
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Christophe Pampoulie, Davi Gislason, Gudbjorg Olafsdottir, Valerie Chosson, Sverrir Daniel Halldorsson, Stefano Mariani, Bjarki Th Elvarsson, Marianne H. Rasmussen, Maria R. Iversen, Anna Kristin Danielsdottir, Gisli A. Vikingsson
Summary: Biodiversity in the oceans has declined significantly since the industrial era, leading to the near extinction of some whale species. Hybridization events between fin and blue whales may result in reproductive loss for blue whales.
EVOLUTIONARY APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
K. K. S. Layton, P. V. R. Snelgrove, J. B. Dempson, T. Kess, S. J. Lehnert, P. Bentzen, S. J. Duffy, A. M. Messmer, R. R. E. Stanley, C. DiBacco, S. J. Salisbury, D. E. Ruzzante, C. M. Nugent, M. M. Ferguson, J. S. Leong, B. F. Koop, I. R. Bradbury
Summary: Despite the lack of understanding how most taxa will respond to future climate change, this research integrates genomics and environmental modeling to assess the responses of an ecologically and economically important Arctic species. The findings reveal past declines in effective population size in the Northwest Atlantic, indicating potential northward shifts and the loss of commercially important life-history variation in response to climate change. The genomic approach used here identifies both past and future declines that impact species persistence, ecosystem stability, and food security in the Arctic.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anthony L. Einfeldt, Tony Kess, Amber Messmer, Steven Duffy, Brendan F. Wringe, Jonathan Fisher, Cornelia den Heyer, Ian R. Bradbury, Daniel E. Ruzzante, Paul Bentzen
Summary: The evolution of the XY sex-determination mechanism in Atlantic halibut involved changes in the ancestral sex-determining gene DMRT1, likely coinciding with the emergence of the GSDF gene as the primary sex-determining factor. This study highlights how mutations in a small number of genetic elements can significantly impact the genomic substrate for sex-specific evolutionary forces, shedding light on the evolutionary mechanisms controlling sex determination across taxa.
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Eleni L. Petrou, Angela P. Fuentes-Pardo, Luke A. Rogers, Melissa Orobko, Carolyn Tarpey, Isadora Jimenez-Hidalgo, Madonna L. Moss, Dongya Yang, Tony J. Pitcher, Todd Sandell, Dayv Lowry, Daniel E. Ruzzante, Lorenz Hauser
Summary: The timing of reproduction has a significant impact on population structure in Pacific herring, with gene flow being geographically limited during specific spawning seasons. Genetic diversity, chromosomal rearrangements, and the influence of specific genes like SYNE2 on spawn timing were also highlighted in this study, emphasizing the importance of considering seasonal and spatial variation in herring management for conservation purposes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Cecilia Kvaavik, Gudmundur J. Oskarsson, Hildur Petursdottir, Gudrun Marteinsdottir, Anna Kristin Danielsdottir
Summary: Understanding the competitive interactions and dietary contributions of Northeast Atlantic mackerel, Icelandic summer spawning herring, and Norwegian spring spawning herring in Icelandic waters revealed differences in prey preferences and isotopic niche widths, providing new insights into their ecological roles and implications.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Samuel Prystupa, Gregory R. McCracken, Robert Perry, Daniel E. Ruzzante
Summary: Arctic Grayling populations in the Yukon Territory of Canada were estimated using genetic markers and the close-kin mark-recapture method, with similar results obtained from different analysis tools, demonstrating the potential for informing management and conservation policies for this species.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Stefania Perez, Aliro Manosalva, Nicole Colin, Jorge Gonzalez, Evelyn Habit, Daniel E. Ruzzante, Konrad Gorski
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of Coho and Chinook Salmon juveniles on the diet of native Galaxias maculatus in Patagonian fjords. It was found that in lakes without salmonids, G. maculatus primarily fed on insects, while in lakes coexisting with Coho Salmon, G. maculatus consumed benthic macroinvertebrates. In estuaries, there was dietary overlap between G. maculatus and Coho and Chinook Salmon.
BIOLOGICAL INVASIONS
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Francisca Valenzuela-Aguayo, Gregory R. McCracken, Gustavo Diaz, Aliro Manosalva, Evelyn Habit, Daniel E. Ruzzante
Summary: The study reveals discordance in the spatial distribution of nuclear and mitochondrial genomes in two endangered species, Percilia gillissi and Percilia irwini, in contiguous watersheds in Chile, suggesting incomplete reproductive barrier and connectivity between the two species. Limited support was found for taxonomical classification based on morphological and meristic traits in this region.
CONSERVATION GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tony Kess, J. Brian Dempson, Sarah J. Lehnert, Kara K. S. Layton, Anthony Einfeldt, Paul Bentzen, Sarah J. Salisbury, Amber M. Messmer, Steven Duffy, Daniel E. Ruzzante, Cameron M. Nugent, Moira M. Ferguson, Jong S. Leong, Ben F. Koop, Michael F. O'Connell, Ian R. Bradbury
Summary: The study on Arctic Charr in Gander Lake, Newfoundland, Canada, revealed genetic divergence between deep-water and shallow-water morphs, with genes involved in gene expression, DNA repair, cardiac function, and membrane transport being highlighted as key factors in adaptation to extreme deep-water environments.
Article
Evolutionary Biology
Kristen M. Tymoshuk, M. Lisette Delgado, Gregory R. Mccracken, Marcelo Alonso, Konrad Gorski, Evelyn Habit, Daniel E. Ruzzante
Summary: This study investigates the genetic differentiation of Galaxias maculatus populations based on their migration patterns and historical processes. The findings suggest that the populations from the Manso River System and the Puelo River have different genetic origins and colonization patterns. The study also highlights the vulnerability of resident fish populations to anthropogenic factors and the potential impact on their genetic diversity.
BIOLOGICAL JOURNAL OF THE LINNEAN SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
M. Lisette Delgado, Aliro Manosalva, Mauricio A. Urbina, Anne C. Dalziel, Evelyn Habit, Oscar Link, Daniel E. Ruzzante
Summary: This study used transcriptomics to investigate the mechanisms contributing to reduced tolerance to higher salinities in freshwater resident populations. It was found that some genes associated with saltwater acclimation were not significantly upregulated in the saltwater intolerant resident population, providing insights into the potential mechanism for the loss of tolerance to higher salinities.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Ellen M. Weise, Mallory Van Wyngaarden, Cornelia Den Heyer, Joanna Mills Flemming, Tony Kess, Anthony L. Einfeldt, Jonathan A. D. Fisher, Reina Ditta, Guillaume Pare, Daniel E. Ruzzante
Summary: The ability to identify sex is crucial in population biology. In Atlantic halibut, external morphological differences are not significant, making phenotypic sex identification impossible. A SNP panel was developed with 4000 SNPs evenly distributed in the genome, with 176 SNPs selected for genetic identification of male and female individuals. This genomic sex identification allows for non-lethal determination and validation, serving as a resource for fisheries management and stock monitoring.
MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah J. Salisbury, Robert Perry, Don Keefe, Gregory R. McCracken, Kara K. S. Layton, Tony Kess, Ian R. Bradbury, Daniel E. Ruzzante
Summary: Polymorphic species are valuable for studying diversification caused by evolutionary processes. Factors such as colonization history, selection, gene flow, and genetic drift influence morph differentiation in these species. Understanding the interaction and relative importance of these evolutionary processes is crucial for management decisions and understanding speciation. In this study, the researchers investigated how geographic distance, environmental conditions, and colonization history influenced morph migratory capacity in Arctic Charr. Their results demonstrated that gene flow, colonization history, and local adaptation interact to shape the genetic variation and evolutionary trajectory of populations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
J. Kho, M. L. Delgado, G. R. McCracken, J. Munden, D. E. Ruzzante
Summary: Understanding individual responses to environmental changes is crucial for species conservation. This study investigates the DNA methylation patterns of larval herring under different temperature and photoperiod conditions. The results suggest that DNA methylation plays an important role in regulating early-stage responses to environmental stressors in Atlantic herring.
