Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jay Bae, Dongju Liu, Chanadda Chinthammit, Zbigniew Kadziola, Kristina Boye, Kieren Mather
Summary: Medication use trends among patients with type 2 diabetes were investigated from 2015 to 2019 in relation to the clinical group-specific recommendations. The study found that the utilization of recommended therapies is increasing overall, but there is a persistent gap in utilization between Commercial and Medicare populations.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Teresa Quattrin, Lucy D. Mastrandrea, Lucy S. K. Walker
Summary: Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease caused by autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells, and individuals with this disease rely on insulin for survival. Despite advancements, the burden of this disease remains high. Research shows that blocking the immune attack on beta cells holds promise in preserving endogenous insulin production.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Enrico Longato, Barbara Di Camillo, Giovanni Sparacino, Lara Tramontan, Angelo Avogaro, Gian Paolo Fadini
Summary: This study aimed to compare cardiovascular outcomes of patients with type 2 diabetes who initiated GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) or basal insulin (BI) under routine care. The results showed that patients who initiated a GLP-1RA experienced far better cardiovascular outcomes than matched patients who initiated a BI, supporting the prioritization of GLP-1RA as the first injectable regimen for the management of type 2 diabetes.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Colin M. Dayan, Rachel E. J. Besser, Richard A. Oram, William Hagopian, Manu Vatish, Owen Bendor-Samuel, Matthew D. Snape, John A. Todd
Summary: Recent studies have shown that monitoring pancreatic islet autoantibodies and genetic risk assessment can identify most children who will develop T1D, with immunotherapy and primary prevention methods showing success in delaying disease progression. By shifting focus towards early diagnosis and b cell preservation, a future without daily insulin injections for children with T1D is anticipated.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vijayvardhan Kamalumpundi, Elham Shams, Cally Tucker, Linhai Cheng, Joshua Peterson, Sanmati Thangavel, Oloigbe Ofori, Marcelo Correia
Summary: Type 2 diabetes often overlaps with hypertension due to genetic, physiological, and environmental factors. There are several metabolic abnormalities that contribute to the coexistence. While diet and exercise are early treatment options, long-term strategies are needed. Novel medications can prevent long-term complications. Understanding the common causes and consequences allows for proactive prevention and treatment.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xiongfeng Pan, Atipatsa C. Kaminga, Sanjay Kinra, Shi Wu Wen, Hongying Liu, Xinrui Tan, Aizhong Liu
Summary: This study summarized the associations of different chemokines with T1DM, revealing that circulating concentrations of CCL5 and CXCL1 were significantly higher in T1DM patients compared to controls. Circulating CCL5 ranked highest among all the chemokines investigated in T1DM.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hasim Tekin, Knud Josefsen, Lars Krogvold, Knut Dahl-Jorgensen, Ivan Gerling, Flemming Pociot, Karsten Buschard
Summary: The incidence of type 1 diabetes in children under 18 years of age increases after COVID-19 infection. Decreased expression of PDE12 is associated with T1D development, while rare PDE12 SNPs may increase the risk of T1D.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Vikas S. Sridhar, Christine P. Limonte, Per-Henrik Groop, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Richard E. Pratley, Peter Rossing, Jay S. Skyler, David Z. I. Cherney
Summary: The current management of CKD in type 1 diabetes focuses on blood sugar control, inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system and optimizing risk factors. However, individuals with type 1 diabetes and CKD still face elevated risks for kidney and cardiovascular events. Novel therapies used in type 2 diabetes, such as sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists, have shown potential kidney and heart protection. Applying these therapies to individuals with type 1 diabetes for the prevention of CKD is of great importance.
Review
Immunology
James Alexander Pearson, F. Susan Wong, Li Wen
Summary: Microbiota play a crucial role in modulating susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes, with the association of microbiota composition with genetic risk and immune responses. The role of inflammasomes in Type 1 diabetes and the development of inhibitors for therapeutically targeting inflammasomes are areas that require further study.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Xiantong Zou, Yingning Liu, Linong Ji
Summary: This manuscript provides a comprehensive review of the current research on machine learning methods in precision pharmacotherapy of diabetes. Although there is potential to change clinical practice, the lack of simplicity, validation, and demonstrated efficacy currently prevents the implementation of machine learning algorithms in routine clinical practice.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Stephanie Fuchs, Alexander U. Ernst, Long-Hai Wang, Kaavian Shariati, Xi Wang, Qingsheng Liu, Minglin Ma
Summary: This review article summarizes the recent developments in the utilization of hydrogels for smart insulin delivery and insulin-producing cell therapies for type 1 diabetes management. It discusses glucose-sensitive hydrogels, pH-sensitive polymeric hydrogels, and other physiochemical signals for triggering insulin release from hydrogels. The article also explores the use of hydrogels in encapsulating insulin-secreting cells with a focus on mitigating foreign body response, providing suitable extracellular microenvironment, and enhancing mass transfer through oxygen supplementation and vascularization.
Review
Immunology
Balasubramanian Krishnamurthy, Matthew Lacorcia, Thomas W. H. Kay, Helen E. Thomas, Stuart I. Mannering
Summary: Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease mediated by T cells. Short-term treatment targeting T cells, B cells, and inflammatory cytokines has shown temporary disease activity pause. Lessons learned from these trials will be discussed, with the expectation that effective disease-modifying agents will be available for early-stage T1D. Advances in analyzing antigen-specific T cells and discovering biomarkers through high-dimensional profiling offer promising prospects for predicting disease onset, progression, and therapeutic efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Ida Pastore, Emma Assi, Moufida Ben Nasr, Andrea Mario Bolla, Anna Maestroni, Vera Usuelli, Cristian Loretelli, Andy Joe Seelam, Ahmed Abdelsalam, Gian Vincenzo Zuccotti, Francesca D'Addio, Paolo Fiorina
Summary: Although progress has been made in understanding the pathophysiological mechanisms of T1D, the quest for effective therapeutic options is ongoing. Promising results have been seen with HSC-based approaches and teplizumab, but more research is needed to establish their long-term efficacy and safety. Genetically engineered HSCs hold potential as a novel biologic therapy for T1D and other autoimmune/immune-related disorders, with studies in murine models and humanized mouse models showing accelerated translational potentials.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Alice L. J. Carr, Carmella Evans-Molina, Richard A. Oram
Summary: The personalised approach to diabetes care has evolved over time, incorporating personalised diagnosis, treatment, prevention, and prediction. Advances in understanding diabetes pathogenesis and human biology have improved diabetes care and hold promise for future precision medicine.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eiji Kawasaki
Summary: Anti-islet autoantibodies are crucial markers for immune-mediated type 1 diabetes (T1D) and slowly progressive T1D (SPIDDM) or latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA). They are used for diagnosis, pathological analysis, and prediction of T1D. Different autoantibodies serve different purposes, such as reflecting insulitis or pancreatic & beta-cell destruction. Combinatorial analysis of these autoantibodies helps diagnose immune-mediated T1D, while a lack of autoantibodies is associated with fulminant T1D. Evaluating the epitopes and subclasses of these autoantibodies aids in distinguishing diabetes-associated from non-diabetes-associated autoantibodies and predicting future insulin deficiency. New advancements in autoantibody assays can improve the accuracy of diagnosis and prediction of autoimmune disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
