Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mary Kagujje, Paul Somwe, Sisa Hatwiinda, Joel Bwalya, Tamala Zgambo, Moomba Thornicroft, Fiammetta Maria Bozzani, Clement Moonga, Monde Muyoyeta
Summary: The study found high prevalence of tuberculosis and HIV in Zambian correctional facilities, highlighting the need for strengthening TB and HIV programs, especially tailored for juveniles and gender-specific initiatives.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wan-mei Song, Yi Liu, Qian-yun Zhang, Si-qi Liu, Ting-ting Xu, Shi-jin Li, Qi-qi An, Jin-yue Liu, Ning-ning Tao, Yao Liu, Chun-Bao Yu, Cui-xiang Yu, Yi-fan Li, Huai-chen Li
Summary: The study found that high O-3 exposure was associated with increased drug resistance, while NO2 was linked to decreased drug resistance risk. PM2.5, PM10, and SO2 showed protective effects on certain drug resistance.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Sathish Rajaa, Yuvaraj Krishnamoorthy, Selby Knudsen, Gautam Roy, Jerrold Ellner, C. Robert Horsburgh, Natasha S. Hochberg, Padmini Salgame, S. Govindarajan, Senbagavalli Prakash Babu, Sonali Sarkar
Summary: The study revealed that one in three TB patients had concurrent diabetes mellitus. Marital status and body mass index category were found to be significant determinants of diabetes. The number of TB patients needed to be screened to find a new diabetes mellitus case was determined to be 12.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sara Movahed, Fatemeh Varshoee Tabrizi, Naseh Pahlavani, Mehdi Seilanian Toussi, Ali Motlagh, Saeid Eslami, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan, Mohsen Nematy, Gordon A. Ferns, Maryam Emadzadeh, Majid Khadem-Rezaiyan, Amir Hossein Alavi, Mahtab Salek, Pegah Zabeti, Abdolreza Norouzy
Summary: The study revealed a high prevalence of malnutrition in newly diagnosed esophageal cancer patients, highlighting the importance of early screening and nutritional interventions. Common nutritional-related complications were dysphagia, anorexia, constipation, esophageal pain, and dyspepsia in these patients.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuxia Wang, Chaoyin Lu, Mauro Augusto Monteiro Cardoso Lopes, Lingqiao Chen, Yan Luo, Wenjun Wu, Xuemei Gu
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, clinical, and metabolic characteristics of atherosclerosis (AS) in newly diagnosed patients with ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (KPT2D) or non-ketotic type 2 diabetes (NKPT2D). The results showed that KPT2D patients had a higher prevalence of AS compared to NKPT2D patients, with a lower onset age and specific independent risk factors.
DIABETES METABOLIC SYNDROME AND OBESITY-TARGETS AND THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
M. Chipinduro, C. Timire, J. Chirenda, R. Matambo, E. Munemo, B. Makamure, A. F. Nhidza, W. Tinago, V Chikwasha, M. Ngwenya, J. Mutsvangwa, J. Z. Metcalfe, C. Sandy
Summary: The first national TB prevalence survey in Zimbabwe in 2014 found a decrease in TB disease prevalence relative to prior estimates, possibly due to increased antiretroviral therapy coverage and successful national TB control strategies. Continued investments in TB diagnostics for improved case detection are required.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Kim Madundo, Brandon A. Knettel, Elizabeth Knippler, Jessie Mbwambo
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and severity of depression among people diagnosed with HIV within the past 12 months. The results showed a high prevalence of depression, especially among newly diagnosed patients, female participants, and those seen at larger regional referral hospitals. Therefore, it is crucial to integrate mental health screening and interventions into CTC care during the initial visits following a positive HIV test result.
Article
Immunology
Cheng Chen, Xinsong Hu, Yan Shao, Honghuan Song, Guoli Li, Wei Lu, Leonardo Martinez, Jianfang Xu, Limei Zhu
Summary: This study evaluated the level of QFT TB antigen among individuals with different diabetes statuses, and found that diabetes status had little influence on the level of QFT TB antigen response among IGRA-positive individuals. However, fasting plasma glucose, age, and smoking were important risk factors for increasing levels of QFT TB antigen.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Sizulu Moyo, Farzana Ismail, Martie Van der Walt, Nazir Ismail, Nkateko Mkhondo, Sicelo Dlamini, Thuli Mthiyane, Jeremiah Chikovore, Olanrewaju Oladimeji, David Mametja, Phaleng Maribe, Ishen Seocharan, Phumlani Ximiya, Irwin Law, Marina Tadolini, Khangelani Zuma, Samuel Manda, Charalambos Sismanidis, Yogan Pillay, Lindiwe Mvusi
Summary: Tuberculosis remains a significant issue in South Africa, particularly among men. Despite the burden of HIV, many tuberculosis patients in this study were not HIV-positive. Prioritizing chest X-ray screening could greatly increase case detection.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Virology
Kulachanya Suwanwongse, Nehad Shabarek
Summary: COVID-19's impact on the endocrine system has not been extensively studied, with only a few case reports indicating a potential risk for diabetes mellitus. Case studies suggest that COVID-19 may exacerbate metabolic complications of existing diabetes mellitus in patients.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Mebrat Ejo, Gabriela Torrea, Cecile Uwizeye, Meseret Kassa, Yilak Girma, Tiruzer Bekele, Yilkal Ademe, Ermias Diro, Florian Gehre, Leen Rigouts, Bouke C. de Jong
Summary: The study in Northwest Ethiopia described the population structure of MTBc strains among TB patients and evaluated the performance of culture isolation and MPT64-based speciation for Lineage 7. The predominant strains were East-African-Indian and Euro-American, with low prevalence of Ethiopia L7. Most MTBc isolates were susceptible to rifampicin and isoniazid, with limited multi-drug resistance detected.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Lingen Shi, Weiming Tang, Xiaoyan Liu, Haiyang Hu, Tao Qiu, Yuheng Chen, Xiaoqin Xu, Yunting Chen, Zhi Zhang, Ying Zhou, Jing Lu, Gengfeng Fu
Summary: This study assessed the trends and factors associated with late presentation and advanced HIV disease among newly diagnosed individuals in Jiangsu, China from 2008 to 2020. The study found an increase in late presentation and a decrease in advanced HIV disease over the years. Married individuals and those older than 35 years were more likely to have late presentation and advanced HIV disease.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wolfgang Rathmann, Oliver Kuss, Karel Kostev
Summary: This study investigated the incidence of diabetes after infection with Covid-19. The results showed that individuals with Covid-19 had an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes compared to those with acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURI). These findings support the active monitoring of glucose dysregulation after recovery from mild Covid-19.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Xiaosi Hong, Xiaoyun Zhang, Lili You, Feng Li, Hong Lian, Jiahuan Wang, Na Mao, Meng Ren, Yan Li, Chuan Wang, Kan Sun
Summary: This study examined the association between plasma adiponectin levels and newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes in subgroups classified according to T2DM risk factors. The results showed a negative correlation between adiponectin levels and T2DM and prediabetes in individuals with T2DM risk factors, but this correlation gradually attenuated with the presence of comorbidities such as obesity, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wenjing Dong, Shiju Yan, Han Chen, Jian Zhao, Zengqiang Zhang, Weijun Gu
Summary: High remnant cholesterol (RC) levels are associated with newly diagnosed early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and are correlated with the degree of insulin resistance. Patients aged 18-40 years with RC >0.32 mmol/L have an increased risk of developing T2DM.
JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Blanca Restrepo, Marcel Twahirwa, Chinnaswamy Jagannath
Summary: The study found that diabetic patients had lower HLA-DR expression in monocytes, with blood triglycerides associated with this reduction and cholesterol counterbalancing the effect. Further research is needed to elucidate the complex interactions between hyperglycemia and dyslipidemias on antigen presentation in diabetic monocytes.
Article
Immunology
Blanca Restrepo, Arshad Khan, Vipul K. Singh, Erica de-Leon, Genesis P. Aguillon-Duran, Eder Ledezma-Campos, David H. Canaday, Chinnaswamy Jagannath
Summary: The study found that MDMs from TB patients had reduced activation of T cells or killing of M. tuberculosis, while MDMs from obese participants had higher antigen presenting capacity and those from chronic diabetes patients had lower Mtb killing capacity. Activation of MDMs with rapamycin enhanced anti-mycobacterial activity regardless of TB status, but was less effective in patients with diabetes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia M. Scordo, Genesis P. Aguillon-Duran, Doris Ayala, Ana Paulina Quirino-Cerrillo, Emine Rodriguez-Reyna, Francisco Mora-Guzman, Jose A. Caso, Eder Ledezma-Campos, Larry S. Schlesinger, Jordi B. Torrelles, Joanne Turner, Blanca I. Restrepo
Summary: This study aimed to identify the risk factors for tuberculosis in elderly Hispanics and found that compared to adults, elderly individuals had different risk factors such as male sex, smoking, and low BMI for tuberculosis. Surprisingly, type 2 diabetes was not associated with tuberculosis in the elderly, while BCG vaccination at birth was found to be protective. Further research is needed to address disparities in this vulnerable and understudied population.
Article
Microbiology
Deniz Koyuncu, Muhammad Khalid Khan Niazi, Thomas Tavolara, Claudia Abeijon, Melanie L. Ginese, Yanghui Liao, Carolyn Mark, Aubrey Specht, Adam C. Gower, Blanca I. Restrepo, Daniel M. Gatti, Igor Kramnik, Metin Gurcan, Buelent Yener, Gillian Beamer
Summary: The study identified five protein biomarker candidates using a Diversity Outbred mouse population, with CXCL1 and MMP8 being the most promising. Through statistical and machine learning analysis, CXCL1 was found to meet the World Health Organization's criteria for a triage diagnostic test to distinguish active TB from other conditions in human patients.
Correction
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cici Bauer, Kehe Zhang, Miryoung Lee, Susan Fisher-Hoch, Esmeralda Guajardo, Joseph McCormick, Isela de la Cerda, Maria E. Fernandez, Belinda Reininger, Cici Bauer
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Cici Bauer, Kehe Zhang, Miryoung Lee, Susan Fisher-Hoch, Esmeralda Guajardo, Joseph McCormick, Isela de la Cerda, Maria E. Fernandez, Belinda Reininger
Summary: This analysis explored the spatial patterns and contextual social determinants of health (SDOH) associated with COVID-19 incidence in a Hispanic population in Cameron County, Texas. Findings revealed that higher percentages of single-parent households and limited English proficiency were associated with higher relative incidence risks of COVID-19, while lower income and a younger population were associated with lower risks. The presence of a shelter-in-place policy significantly reduced the incidence risk of COVID-19.
JMIR PUBLIC HEALTH AND SURVEILLANCE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
M. P. Salcedo, R. Gowen, A. M. Rodriguez, S. Fisher-Hoch, M. Daheri, L. Guerra, P. A. Toscano, M. Gasca, J. Morales, F. E. Reyna-Rodriguez, B. Cavazos, E. Marin, C. Perez, M. Guerra, A. Milbourne, M. L. Varon, B. Reininger, M. E. Fernandez, T. Ogburn, P. E. Castle, J. McCormick, E. Baker, E. Hawk, K. M. Schmeler
Summary: By implementing a comprehensive intervention program, including community education, patient navigation, and training for local providers, a large number of women in the Rio Grande Valley were able to receive diagnosis and treatment for cervical dysplasia. If sustained, these efforts are expected to decrease cervical cancer rates in the region.
PERSPECTIVES IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Julia M. Scordo, Genesis P. Aguillon-Duran, Doris Ayala, Ana Paulina Quirino-Cerrillo, Emine Rodriguez-Reyna, Mateo Joya-Ayala, Francisco Mora-Guzman, Eder Ledezma-Campos, Alejandro Villafanez, Larry S. Schlesinger, Jordi B. Torrelles, Joanne Turner, Blanca Restrepo
Summary: IGRAs are suitable for LTBI detection in older people, with more prevalent discordant and inconclusive results in this group, but these can be resolved by repeating the IGRA with a different test.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jennifer S. Curry, Bassent Abdelbary, Moncerrato Garcia-Viveros, Juan Ignacio Garcia, Marcel Yotebieng, Adrian Rendon, Jordi B. Torrelles, Blanca Restrepo
Summary: The study found that immigrants have a significant impact on the burden of tuberculosis in Tamaulipas, with most immigrants originating from internal migration within Mexico. They have higher risk factors for tuberculosis, such as older age, low education, and diabetes, as well as a higher rate of treatment abandonment.
JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Andreu Garcia-Vilanova, Angelica M. Olmo-Fontanez, Juan Moliva, Anna Allue-Guardia, Harjinder Singh, Robert E. Merritt, Diego J. Maselli, Jay Peters, Blanca Restrepo, Yufeng Wang, Larry S. Schlesinger, Joanne Turner, Susan T. Weintraub, Jordi B. Torrelles
Summary: The alveolar environment in the lungs of older adults is inflammative, oxidative, and dysregulated, potentially affecting immune responses that change with age. We identified 457 differentially expressed proteins in the alveolar lining fluid of older adults, including markers of cellular senescence, antimicrobials, and proteins of neutrophilic granule origin. Furthermore, we propose a hypothetical regulatory network mediated by the serum response factor that could explain the observed neutrophilic profile in the older adult population.
JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mark L. Sowers, Hui Tang, Vipul K. Singh, Arshad Khan, Abhishek Mishra, Blanca I. Restrepo, Chinnaswamy Jagannath, Kangling Zhang
Summary: The study reveals a complex interplay between metabolism, epigenetics, and cell phenotype in macrophage polarization. M1 macrophages showed globally reduced histone acetylation levels but high levels of acetylated amino acids, suggesting a diversion of acetyl-CoA toward acetylated amino acids. Meanwhile, M2 macrophages exhibited high levels of kynurenine and serotonin, which are known to have immune-suppressive effects.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Blanca I. I. Restrepo, Julia M. M. Scordo, Genesis P. Aguillon-Duran, Doris Ayala, Ana Paulina Quirino-Cerrillo, Raul Loera-Salazar, America Cruz-Gonzalez, Jose A. A. Caso, Mateo Joya-Ayala, Esperanza M. M. Garcia-Oropesa, Alejandra B. B. Salinas, Leonardo Martinez, Larry S. S. Schlesinger, Jordi B. B. Torrelles, Joanne Turner
Summary: The elderly population is at high risk of tuberculosis (TB), but there is limited research on this group. This study found a weaker association between TB and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the elderly compared to younger adults. Additionally, the study discovered that elderly individuals with T2D had better glucose control, lower insulin resistance, and less inflammation compared to younger individuals with T2D.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Susan P. Fisher-Hoch, Jennifer E. Below, Kari E. North, Joseph B. McCormick
Summary: Minority populations have been underrepresented in clinical research trials, leading to increasing burdens of cancer and chronic disease. Challenges to recruiting minorities in the United States include issues of trust. Successful recruitment strategies involve addressing community concerns and training staff from the same community. In one case study, a team was recruited and trained from a local community in Texas, enrolling over five thousand Mexican Americans in a cohort study on chronic diseases and acquiring advanced skills and health information.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Maria Zolezzi, Juliana Lopez, Lisa Mitchell-Bennet, Lisa Y. Payne, Joseph B. McCormick, Belinda Reininger
Summary: This study presents an Innovative Care for Chronic Conditions framework for Mexican Americans with Type 2 diabetes mellitus, focusing on the role of community health workers in delivering community-based services. The framework has shown promising results and has potential for replication in diverse settings.
HEALTH PROMOTION PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Juan Ignacio Garcia, Anna Allue-Guardia, Radhika P. Tampi, Blanca Restrepo, Jordi B. Torrelles
Summary: The alignment of sustainable development goals with the End Tuberculosis strategy provides an integrated roadmap for TB elimination. Recent advancements in TB diagnosis and vaccines, including non-sputum based TB biomarkers, whole genome sequencing technologies, mRNA vaccination, nanovaccines, and promising TB vaccine models, offer promising developments for TB prevention and control in the context of global health transformation. However, addressing TB social determinants and implementing sustainable universal health coverage and social protection are essential for achieving TB elimination as emphasized by the End TB strategy and SDGs.
CURRENT EPIDEMIOLOGY REPORTS
(2021)