Positive Charge-doping on Carbon Nanotube Walls and Anion-directed Tunable Dispersion of the Derivatives

An efficient and novel positive charge-doping on the sidewalls of multi-walled carbon nanotubes has been achieved in the presence of tetrahydrofuran as a dopant and Lewis acidic ionic liquids, [bmim]Sb(n)F(5n+1) (n >= 2; bmim = 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium), as an activator, leaving air-stable derivatives having positively charged sidewalls and the counter anions, [MWCNT(y+)][SbF(6)(-)](y) (MWCNT = multi-walled carbon nanotube). The derivatization took place very fast in one-pot and under mild reaction conditions. The ionic structure enabled a tunable dissolution of the derivatives in various solvents through anion exchange.