Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hilde Marie Eroy Edvardsen, Carl Aamodt, Stig Tore Bogstrand, Peter Krajci, Vigdis Vindenes, Eline Borger Rognli
Summary: The aim of this study was to compare concentrations of psychoactive substances in blood in non-fatal and fatal opioid overdoses. The results showed that fatal overdoses had higher concentrations of opioids, benzodiazepines, and amphetamines compared to non-fatal overdoses. The study also found a linear relationship between naloxone and concomitant opioid concentrations.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Radhouene Doggui, Keyrellous Adib, Alex Baldacchino
Summary: This study identified three main risk factors for fatal and non-fatal drug overdose: illicit drug use and lack of treatment, mental health and emotional trauma, chronic drug use and frequent overdose. Mental health and life stress are important predictors of both fatal and non-fatal drug overdoses. The development of the OdRi tool could be useful for assessing overdose risk in clinical studies, but incorporating validated tools for mental health may improve the accuracy of latent variables and questionnaire consistency.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jacek Sein Anand, Marek Wiergowski, Marek Roman Wisniewski, Monika Kosmowska, Marzena Kata, Mateusz Kacper Wozniak
Summary: This paper describes a rare case of fatal and suicidal pentoxifylline poisoning in an elderly patient with multiple preexisting diseases. The analysis of test results and clinical data showed that the patient died due to severe circulatory and respiratory failure, complications of acid-base and electrolyte balance disorders, hyperglycemia, and coagulation disorders.
Article
Nursing
Homairah Jasat, John Thompson, Olivia Sonneborn, Jessica Dayment, Charne Miller
Summary: This study investigated the usage patterns of paracetamol and its association with patient outcomes such as liver and kidney functions among older people. The findings suggest that using paracetamol within recommended doses may have limited negative associations with liver and kidney function in older patients.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NURSING
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Khedidja Hedna, Johan Fastbom, Annette Erlangsen, Margda Waern
Summary: The study found that only one third of Swedish elderly aged 75 years and above who died by suicide filled an antidepressant prescription in their last 3 months of life, with higher suicide rates observed in mirtazapine users. Users of antidepressants accounted for only one quarter of the increase in the suicide rate.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Substance Abuse
Eleni Domzaridou, Matthew J. Carr, Tim Millar, Roger T. Webb, Darren M. Ashcroft
Summary: A cohort study in England found that concurrent use of benzodiazepines, antipsychotics, gabapentinoids, antidepressants, Z-drugs or opioids increases the risk of non-fatal overdose among recipients of opioid agonist treatment.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kara Thieleman, Joanne Cacciatore, Allen Frances
Summary: Prolonged Grief Disorder (PGD) was included in DSM-5-TR, and this study aimed to assess the rates of PGD among bereaved individuals and explore their attitudes towards the diagnosis. The results showed that 34.3% of the sample met PGD criteria, with the highest rates among bereaved parents, spouses/partners, and those who lost loved ones to substance overdose, homicide/suicide, or accidents. The majority of respondents viewed their responses as normal and did not find a PGD diagnosis helpful.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Toxicology
Matilda Francis, Henry A. Spiller, Jaahnavi Badeti, Alexandra R. Funk, Marcel J. Casavant, Nichole L. Michaels, Motao Zhu, Gary A. Smith
Summary: The study investigated characteristics of suspected suicides and nonfatal suicide attempts involving antidepressants among individuals 13 years and older reported to US poison control centers from 2000-2020. Results indicated an increase in the rate of cases, particularly among teenagers, with older adults more likely to experience severe medical outcomes and death. SSRI's were most commonly involved, but TCAs had higher rates of severe medical outcomes and death compared to SSRIs. These findings emphasize the importance of increased prevention efforts, especially among teenagers, and heightened attention to the severity of outcomes in older age groups.
CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Zakary Doherty, Anselm Wong, Jane Hayman, Shaun Greene
Summary: Overall, the rates of emergency department presentations for antidepressant overdose remained stable during the study period. However, there were significant increases in both emergency department presentations and poisons centre calls among younger age groups. This highlights the need for interventions to prevent intentional overdose in younger populations.
AUSTRALIAN AND NEW ZEALAND JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Voronkov, Benjamin Cocchiaro, Jeffry B. Stock
Summary: The long-term consequences of non-fatal overdose in individuals who use opioids are still not well understood, but studies suggest that it can lead to neurodegeneration and other pathologies, particularly in abnormal protein processing. The available literature has limitations in discussing neuropathologies associated with opioid use and overdose, as well as contributing comorbidities and proteinopathies.
NEUROCHEMISTRY INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Nicole C. Mccann, Vanessa M. Mcmahan, Rachel Smith, Adam Majeski, Sarah L. Johns, Sarah Kosakowski, Shae Wolfe, Sarah Brennan, Mackenzie Robinson, Phillip O. Coffin, Alexander Y. Walley
Summary: A TLFB questionnaire was developed to assess daily non-prescribed opioid use, opioid overdose, facility stays, medications/behavioral treatment for opioid use disorder, and COVID-19 history among opioid overdose survivors. The study found that the TLFB questionnaire was feasible and acceptable, with similar completion time as other substance use assessments.
ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS
(2024)
Article
Pediatrics
Kao-Ping Chua, Chad M. Brummett, Rena M. Conti, Amy S. Bohnert
Summary: In 2019, 3.5% of US children and young adults had >= 1 dispensed opioid prescription, with nearly half being high risk prescriptions. The high-volume prescribers accounted for a large portion of high-risk prescriptions and targeted interventions may be needed to address this issue.
Review
Rheumatology
Lisa K. Stamp, Carl Horsley, Leanne Te Karu, Nicola Dalbeth, Murray Barclay
Summary: Colchicine plays an important role in treating various diseases, but its narrow therapeutic index makes it potentially harmful with overdose and fatalities. Strategies to minimize poisoning risk include preventing unauthorized access, intentional overdoses, and ensuring proper use. Culturally safe and appropriate education is crucial in reducing the risk of overdose.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Lindsay A. Bornheimer, Kaipeng Wang, Anao Zhang, Juliann Li, Elise E. Trim, Mark Ilgen, Cheryl A. King
Summary: The rate of suicide death in the USA has increased significantly since 2000. However, little is known about national trends in non-fatal suicidal behaviors among adults. This study found that while suicidal ideation fluctuated from 2009 to 2017, suicide plan and attempt showed positive linear trends with increasing odds. Age, sex, mental health status, and drug dependence were found to be important factors in non-fatal suicidal behaviors.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Scott A. Fritz, Steve M. Ensley, Jay R. Lawrence, Nicholas Van Engen, Zhoumeng Lin, Michael D. Kleinhenz, Larry W. Wulf, Somchai Rice, Patrick J. Gorden, Jackie Peterson, Johann F. Coetzee
Summary: Pain control is a major concern in dairy cattle. NSAIDs are approved for use in other species but their safety profile in cattle is not well studied. This study investigated the safety and pharmacokinetics of a high dose of meloxicam in lactating dairy cows.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Galit Geulayov, Deborah Casey, Elizabeth Bale, Fiona Brand, Caroline Clements, Bushra Farooq, Nav Kapur, Jennifer Ness, Keith Waters, Anita Patel, Keith Hawton
Summary: The risk of suicide following hospital presentation for self-harm varies depending on the site of self-cut/stab, with a greater risk associated with cutting/stabbing parts of the body other than the wrist or arm, especially the neck.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
David McDaid, A-La Park, Apostolos Tsiachristas, Fiona Brand, Deborah Casey, Caroline Clements, Galit Geulayov, Nav Kapur, Jennifer Ness, Keith Waters, Keith Hawton
Summary: This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of psychosocial assessment for self-harm patients in England. The results suggest that psychosocial assessment, as implemented in the National Health Service (NHS), is likely to be cost-effective. This evidence could support adherence to NICE guidelines.
EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
I-Ting Hwang, Fortune Fu-Tsung Shaw, Wen-Yau Hsu, Guang-Yi Liu, Chen- Kuan, David Gunnell, Shu-Sen Chang
Summary: This study explored the experiences of suicidal individuals who sought help through a suicide prevention hotline during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings revealed the impact of the pandemic on society and individuals' mental health, and identified factors and psychological responses that may increase suicide risk.
CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Guang-Yi Liu, Yi-Han Chang, I-Ting Hwang, Fortune Fu-Tsung Shaw, Wen-Yau Hsu, Chia-Yueh Hsu, David Gunnell, Shu-Sen Chang
Summary: We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on call volumes and call characteristics using data from a national crisis helpline. The study found that call volumes significantly increased during the early period of the pandemic, with higher-than-expected calls from non-suicidal and male callers. Calls related to COVID-19 were more likely to be from male and first-time callers, last less than 5 minutes, and were more focused on information-seeking.
ARCHIVES OF SUICIDE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
P. L. H. Mok, F. Walter, M. J. Carr, S. Antonsen, N. Kapur, S. Steeg, J. Shaw, C. B. Pedersen, R. T. Webb
Summary: Discharged psychiatric patients, especially those with substance misuse disorders, personality disorders, and early onset behavioral and emotional disorders, face a significantly increased risk of self-harm and interpersonal violence. Enhanced care and support during the transition back to community life are crucial.
EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Anita Patel, Jennifer Ness, Samantha Kelly, Keith Waters, Ellen Townsend, Navneet Kapur, Caroline Clements, Bushra Farooq, Galit Geulayov, Deborah Casey, Keith Hawton
Summary: This study aimed to analyze the incidence of self-harm, sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, preceding life problems, and outcomes in individuals aged 60 years and over. The study found that self-harm rates have increased over time for men aged 60-74 years. The most common problems preceding self-harm were mental health and physical health concerns. Additionally, 10.8% of self-harmers presented to the hospital again within 12 months. Therefore, prevention and clinical management should involve a comprehensive psychosocial assessment to address common precipitants and may include support for physical and mental well-being and advice on safer alcohol use.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Natasha Tyler, Ioannis Angelakis, Richard Neil Keers, Claire Planner, Alexander Hodkinson, Sally J. Giles, Andrew Grundy, Navneet Kapur, Chris Armitage, Tom Blakeman, Stephen M. Campbell, Catherine Robinson, Jessica Leather, Maria Panagioti
Summary: Through stakeholder engagement, we co-designed, developed and adapted two versions of a care bundle intervention, the SAFER Mental Health care bundle for adult and youth inpatient mental health settings (SAFER-MH and SAFER-YMH, respectively), that look to address safety risks and inadequate information sharing concerns in discharged patients.
Article
Psychiatry
Leah Quinlivan, Louise Gorman, Stephen Marks, Elizabeth Monaghan, Sadika Asmal, Roger T. Webb, Nav Kapur
Summary: This study aimed to explore the barriers and facilitators to accessing aftercare and psychological therapies for patients presenting to hospital following self-harm, from the perspective of liaison psychiatry practitioners. The results showed that barriers to accessing services may increase the risk of further self-harm for patients and burnout for staff. Strategies to increase access to aftercare included improving assessments and care plans, supporting staff to focus on assessments as therapeutic intervention, probing boundaries and involving senior staff, and building relationships and integration across services. These findings are essential for optimizing patient safety and experience and staff well-being.
Article
Psychiatry
Leah Quinlivan, Louise Gorman, Elizabeth Monaghan, Sadika Asmal, Roger T. Webb, Nav Kapur
Summary: This study explores patients' experience of accessing psychological therapies after self-harm and their recommendations for improvement. The findings highlight long waiting times, inadequate service provision, poor communication, and lack of tailored interventions as barriers to effective aftercare. Recommendations for improvement include compassionate and informed staff, timely access to aftercare, improved communication and support during waiting times, and greater information and choice of psychological interventions.
Article
Psychiatry
Guilherme Borges, Ricardo Orozco, David Gunnell, Raul A. Gutierrez-Garcia, Yesica Albor, Guillermo E. Quevedo E. Chavez, Praxedis Cristina Hernandez Uribe, Sergio Cruz Hernandez, Maria Anabell Covarrubias Diaz Couder, Jordi Alonso, Maria-Elena Medina-Mora, Corina Benjet
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on the mental health of populations worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. This study examined the longitudinal effects of the pandemic on suicidal thoughts and behaviors among first-year university students in Mexico. The findings suggest that there was an increase in the incidence of suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 period, especially among students with risk conditions and positive coping strategies.
ARCHIVES OF SUICIDE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Su-Gwan Tham, Isabelle M. Hunt, Pauline Turnbull, Louis Appleby, Nav Kapur, Duleeka Knipe
Summary: This study examines the relationship between migration and suicide risk in the UK, finding that identifying the clinical profile and antecedents to suicide is crucial for tailoring mental health care to different migrant groups.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hein Heuvelman, Neil M. Davies, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Alan Emond, Jonathan Evans, David Gunnell, Rachel Liebling, Richard Morris, Rupert Payne, Claire Storey, Maria Viner, Dheeraj Rai
Summary: This study examines the associations between the use of antidepressants during pregnancy and outcomes using multiple methods to strengthen causal inference. The results show that women who initiate or continue antidepressants during pregnancy are more likely to have contact with healthcare services and continue antidepressant use after pregnancy. However, there is little evidence for substantial associations between antidepressant use and autism, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or intellectual disability in children.
HEALTH TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Sze Chim Lee, Olivier Y. Rouquette, Keith Hawton, Louise Cleobury, Sarah Spencer, Keith Lloyd, David Gunnell, Jonathan Scourfield, Ann John
Summary: This study compares individuals who self-harmed during a suicide cluster with those who self-harmed prior to the cluster. The findings suggest that individuals who self-harmed during the cluster were less likely to be hospitalized or have a mental health history. There were no significant differences in 10-year self-harm outcomes, but males had a higher all-cause mortality rate.
CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Fang-Wen Lu, Erica Conway, Ya-Lun Liang, Ying-Yeh Chen, David Gunnell, Shu-Sen Chang
Summary: This study used emergency department data from Taipei City and New Taipei City to identify clusters of self-harm and suicide using space-time permutation scan statistics. It found that cluster-related episodes of self-harm and suicide were more likely to be male and young people aged 10-29 years.
EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Prianka Padmanathan, Rachel Cohen, David Gunnell, Lucy Biddle, Emma Griffith, Katie Breheny, Matt Hickman, Nik Munien, Anish Patel, Elaine Crocker, Paul Moran
Summary: This study aimed to develop a brief psychosocial intervention for individuals presenting to the emergency department with self-harm and co-occurring substance use problems. Through a modified Delphi method, expert consensus was achieved for 22 items, resulting in an intervention that includes weekly follow-up phone calls and support for accessing community services.
CRISIS-THE JOURNAL OF CRISIS INTERVENTION AND SUICIDE PREVENTION
(2023)
