Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wonbum Kim, Taeck Joong Jeon
Summary: Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase (PI3K) plays an important role in relaying chemoattractant signals and regulating cell motility. However, its role in electrotaxis varies depending on the state of the cells.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Aiping Xu, Xiuli Xia, Ting Xu, Ruxia Liu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of TIGAR on lung ischemia/reperfusion injury (LIRI) and its mechanism of action. The results showed that overexpression of TIGAR exerts protective roles in LIRI rats through activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL REGULATORS AND HOMEOSTATIC AGENTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryosuke Ishiwata, Masatomo Iwasa
Summary: Experimental studies have shown that chemotactic cells have cellular memory, with a tendency to maintain migration direction despite changes in the chemoattractant gradient. A phenomenological model analyzing cellular inertia and response time in motility was used to replicate cellular memory observed in experiments. The agreement between experimental data and theory indicates the potential presence of response time in motility, which warrants further exploration.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Joel Betorz, Gaurav R. Bokil, Shreyas M. Deshpande, Shardool Kulkarni, Daniel R. Araya, Chiara Venturini, Pablo Saez
Summary: In this study, a computational model of cell motility was developed to investigate the mechanisms of cell protrusion, polarization, and retrograde flow. The model was validated through experiments on cell spreading, polarization, and two types of cell migration. Further analysis was done on the effects of chemical and mechanical signals on cell migration, as well as the competition between chemotaxis and durotaxis. The study provides insights into controlling directed cell migration and has implications for tissue and biomedical engineering.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Yuqing Shi, Jie Liu, Ruoyang Zhang, Muzhi Zhang, Han Cui, Lei Wang, Ye Cui, Wei Wang, Ying Sun, Chen Wang
Summary: It has been shown that glycolytic protein ENO1 contributes to the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension by acting on smooth muscle cells. However, the specific roles of ENO1 in endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunctions in Group 3 pulmonary hypertension have not been explored. This study revealed that hypoxic pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased ENO1 expression and targeting ENO1 can reduce hypoxic pulmonary hypertension by improving endothelial and mitochondrial dysfunction via the PI3K-Akt-mTOR signaling pathway.
Review
Cell Biology
Anne Aalto, Adan Olguin-Olguin, Erez Raz
Summary: This article discusses the migration mechanism of zebrafish primordial germ cells during embryonic development, which involves a bleb-driven amoeboid migration mode controlled by chemical and physical cues.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ava Safaroghli-Azar, Mohammad-Javad Sanaei, Atieh Pourbagheri-Sigaroodi, Davood Bashash
Summary: Lipid signaling refers to the biological process in which a lipid messenger binds to a protein target, converting its effects to specific cellular responses. The family of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) plays a crucial role in this pathway, affecting various aspects of cellular biology such as cell survival, proliferation, migration, endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, metabolism, and autophagy. Different classes of PI3Ks have been identified in yeast and mammals, with class I PI3Ks being extensively studied in cancer biology. Abnormal activation of class I PI3Ks has been implicated in human tumors, particularly through activating mutations in the PIK3CA gene. Class II and III PI3Ks are involved in regulating vesicle trafficking and autophagy processes. This review aims to discuss the latest research findings on PI3Ks-mediated cell biological processes and explore the mechanisms by which different types of phosphoinositides derived from PI3Ks act.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Jonathan Amponsah, Robert S. Tegg, Tamilarasan Thangavel, Calum R. Wilson
Summary: This study reveals the important role of Ca2+ signaling in motility and chemotaxis of Spongospora subterranea zoospores and disease establishment, potentially providing durable and practical control of soilborne diseases.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Xudong Xie, Liangcong Hu, Bobin Mi, Adriana C. Panayi, Hang Xue, Yiqiang Hu, Guodong Liu, Lang Chen, Chenchen Yan, Kangkang Zha, Ze Lin, Wu Zhou, Fei Gao, Guohui Liu
Summary: With the increasing global aging population, the prevalence of osteoporosis, especially among postmenopausal women, is on the rise. Developing new treatment options is, therefore, crucial. This study investigated the potential use of AQX-1125, an activator of inositol phosphatase-1 (SHIP1), and found that it demonstrated a protective effect against bone loss in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. This effect was attributed to the promotion of osteogenesis and mineralization and inhibition of osteoclastogenesis in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The protective effect was identified to be SHIP1-dependent, as the inhibition of SHIP1 using RNA interference diminished the osteoprotective effects. Furthermore, in vivo administration of SHIP1 RNA interference resulted in significant bone loss and decreased bone mass. Mechanistically, AQX-1125 upregulated the expression and activity of SHIP1, consequently upregulating the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt, leading to the promotion of osteoblast-related gene expressions and the inhibition of NF-kappa B signaling and osteoclastogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Eva M. Berghausen, Wiebke Janssen, Marius Vantler, Leoni L. Gnatzy-Feik, Max Krause, Arnica Behringer, Christine Joseph, Mario Zierden, Henrik ten Freyhaus, Anna Klinke, Stephan Baldus, Miguel A. Alcazar, Rajkumar Savai, Soni Savai Pullamsetti, Dickson W. L. Wong, Peter Boor, Jean J. Zhao, Ralph T. Schermuly, Stephan Rosenkranz
Summary: Enhanced signaling via RTKs, hyperphosphorylation of multiple RTKs, and increased activation of their common downstream effector PI3K were observed in diseased human vessels, with p110 alpha identified as a key regulator of pathogenic signaling pathways downstream of RTKs. Inhibiting p110 alpha was shown to prevent onset and progression of pulmonary hypertension, suggesting it as a central therapeutic target in PH treatment.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maojin Tian, Zhengyu Wu, Rongjing Zhang, Junhua Yuan
Summary: Bacterial motility and chemotaxis play a crucial role in environmental exploration and the spread of bacterial infections. This study revealed a swimming mode, called the wrap mode, which allows bacteria to efficiently explore their surroundings.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Biology
Tapomoy Bhattacharjee, Daniel B. Amchin, Ricard Alert, Jenna Anne Ott, Sujit Sankar Datta, Irene Giardina
Summary: Collective migration, a fascinating behavior in active matter, has functional implications for biological systems. This study investigates how bacterial populations persist in migration despite perturbations. The researchers discover that the bacteria autonomously smooth out large-scale perturbations by adjusting their ability to sense and respond to the local nutrient gradient, enabling them to continue migrating together.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Carolina M. Polonio, Patrick da Silva, Fabiele B. Russo, Brendo R. N. Hyppolito, Nagela G. Zanluqui, Cecilia Benazzato, Patricia C. B. Beltrao-Braga, Sandra M. Muxel, Jean Pierre S. Peron
Summary: Viral infections, particularly Zika virus, have a significant impact on public health, causing severe fetal neuropathogenesis and microcephaly. MiRNAs play a role in infected neuronal precursor cells and directly contribute to the pathogenesis of fetal microcephaly.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Liangchen Wang
Summary: This study investigates a chemotaxis model with density-dependent motility in a smooth bounded domain under boundary conditions, proving the existence of a unique global bounded classical solution for suitably regular initial data, aiming to eliminate assumptions on the initial data size in previous research.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Emilia A. Korhonen, Aino Murtomaki, Sawan Kumar Jha, Andrey Anisimov, Anne Pink, Yan Zhang, Simon Stritt, Inam Liaqat, Lukas Stanczuk, Laura Alderfer, Zhiliang Sun, Emmi Kapiainen, Abhishek Singh, Ibrahim Sultan, Anni Lantta, Veli-Matti Leppanen, Lauri Eklund, Yulong He, Hellmut G. Augustin, Kari Vaahtomeri, Pipsa Saharinen, Taija Makinen, Kari Alitalo
Summary: This study reveals the involvement of Ang2 in VEGF-C-induced lymphangiogenesis through the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in lymphatic endothelial cells. Blockade of Ang2 or deletion of Tie receptors in LECs inhibits lymphangiogenesis. The study highlights the important crosstalk between VEGF-C and Ang signaling pathways and suggests potential therapeutic approaches targeting Ang2/Tie/PI3K signaling for lymphangiogenesis.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)