Article
Neurosciences
M. Meusel, J. Voss, A. Krapalis, F. Machleidt, R. Vonthein, M. Hallschmid, F. Sayk
Summary: This study investigated the effects of intranasal administration of orexin A on vascular sympathetic baroreflex function in healthy humans. The results showed that intranasal orexin A increased sympathetic activity without affecting blood pressure, heart rate, or sympathovagal balance.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kanokwan Bunsawat, Rachel J. Skow, Jasdeep Kaur, D. Walter Wray
Summary: Patients with heart failure, both reduced and preserved ejection fraction, exhibit severe exercise intolerance due to inappropriate cardiovascular and hemodynamic adjustments to exercise. Disease-related alterations in neural mechanisms contribute to heightened sympathetic activation and impaired ability to attenuate sympathetic vasoconstrictor responsiveness in HFrEF patients, leading to reduced skeletal muscle blood flow and exercise intolerance. Less is known about these physiology aspects in HFpEF patients, but emerging data suggest dysregulated neural control of circulation, resulting in heightened sympathetic activation and attenuated skeletal muscle blood flow during exercise.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Kenju Miki, Shizuka Ikegame, Misa Yoshimoto
Summary: This review discusses how multiple baroreflex loops modulate sympathetic nerve activity in a region-specific and coordinated manner throughout the body, through evaluating the responses during freezing, REM sleep, and treadmill exercise.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tales Lyra de Oliveira, Gisele Silverio Lincevicius, Caroline Gusson Shimoura, Alex Yuri Simoes-Sato, Michelle Louvaes Garcia, Cassia T. Bergamaschi, Ruy R. Campos
Summary: The study found that bilateral renal denervation (BRD) significantly improved glycemia, renal function, and sympathetic nerve activity in streptozotocin-diabetic rats. Renal nerves may play an important role in the treatment of diabetic patients.
Article
Cell Biology
Monika Jampolska, Kryspin Andrzejewski, Malgorzata Zaremba, Ilona Joniec-Maciejak, Katarzyna Kaczynska
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the hypoglossal and phrenic motoneuron dysfunction in a rat model induced by reserpine administration to understand the pathogenesis of respiratory disorders in Parkinson's disease. They found that the depletion of dopamine, noradrenaline, and serotonin in the brainstem may have an impact on pre-inspiratory activity of the hypoglossal motoneuron, potentially leading to obstructive sleep apnea in PD patients. The shortening of pre-inspiratory activity in the reserpine model suggests a problem in maintaining the correct diameter of upper airways during the preparation phase for inspiration. Therapies involving supplementation of amine depletion other than dopamine should be considered for PD patients.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Guido Grassi, Giuseppe Mancia, Murray Esler
Summary: The overdrive of the sympathetic nervous system in heart failure has been reported for over half a century. Recent advancements in methodological approaches have provided a better understanding of various aspects of neuroadrenergic alterations, including regional differences, the role of the central nervous system, and the involvement of reflex mechanisms. Additionally, the impact of sympathetic activation on cardiovascular organs and potential therapeutic interventions have been highlighted.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sara AlMarabeh, Eric F. Lucking, Ken D. O'Halloran, Mohammed H. Abdulla
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the role of the excitatory reno-renal reflex in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH)-induced hypertension in rats. The findings suggest that the excitatory reno-renal reflex does not contribute to CIH-induced sympathetic hyperactivity and hypertension, and there is evidence that this reflex is suppressed in CIH-exposed rats, possibly due to downregulation of bradykinin type 2 receptors (BK2R).
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Brooke M. Shafer, Anthony Incognito, Tyler D. Vermeulen, Massimo Nardone, Andre L. Teixeira, Stephen A. Klassen, Philip J. Millar, Glen E. Foster
Summary: This study reveals the mechanisms of sympathetic long-term facilitation following hypoxia, in which baroreflex resetting shifts the operating points of action potential clusters, reduces asynchronous action potential firing, and increases the contribution of large-amplitude action potentials.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yan Li, Zhixuan Guo, Chenxi Cai, Danni Liu, Yin Kang, Pengfei Liu
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the role of the orexinergic nervous system in the pharmacological effects of caffeine. After sleep deprivation, caffeine significantly increased the spontaneous activities of mice and decreased gastrointestinal peristalsis, which were blocked by orexin receptor antagonists.
Article
Physiology
Naomi Kondo, Misa Yoshimoto, Shizuka Ikegame, Kenju Miki
Summary: The study found that during freezing behavior in conscious rats, there were region-specific shifts in the arterial baroreflex curves, leading to differential changes in sympathetic nerve activity.
EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Jacqueline K. Limberg, Sarah E. Baker, Elizabeth P. Ott, Dain W. Jacob, Zachariah M. Scruggs, Jennifer L. Harper, Camila M. Manrique-Acevedo
Summary: This study found that even with the use of ET receptor antagonists, the sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure response of men cannot be reduced when exposed to low oxygen conditions.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Takuto Hamaoka, Hisayoshi Murai, Tadayuki Hirai, Hiroyuki Sugimoto, Yusuke Mukai, Oto Inoue, Shinichiro Takashima, Takeshi Kato, Shigeo Takata, Soichiro Usui, Kenji Sakata, Masa-Aki Kawashiri, Masayuki Takamura
Summary: This study found that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors significantly reduced sympathetic nerve activity in patients with type 2 diabetes, especially in those with heart failure.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Andrew W. D'Souza, Stephen A. Klassen, Mark B. Badrov, Sophie Lalande, J. Kevin Shoemaker
Summary: This study found that spontaneous baroreflex control of muscle sympathetic nerve activity and action potential subpopulations is weakened in older adults compared to young adults, while sympathetic transduction is also impaired in older adults. The findings suggest that aging may lead to an enhanced central arc of the baroreflex to compensate for impairments in the peripheral arc.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ana Luiza C. Sayegh, Jui-Lin Fan, Mathew Dawes, Julian F. R. Paton, James P. Fisher
Summary: The study found that central respiratory and sympathetic chemoreflex sensitivities are increased in hypertensive patients, suggesting that these reflexes may play a role in the development of hypertension.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Review
Physiology
Ann-Katrin Grotle, Jasdeep Kaur, Audrey J. Stone, Paul J. Fadel
Summary: Type 2 diabetes may impair circulation adjustment during exercise, leading to amplified blood pressure, reduced skeletal muscle blood flow, and an overactive sympathetic nervous system. This could result in neurovascular dysregulation during exercise.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Zohra M. Kakall, E. Myfanwy Cohen, Melissa M. J. Farnham, Seung Jae Kim, Polina E. Nedoboy, Paul M. Pilowsky
RESPIRATORY PHYSIOLOGY & NEUROBIOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
E. Myfanwy Cohen, Suja Mohammed, Mary Kavurma, Polina E. Nedoboy, Sian Cartland, Melissa M. J. Farnham, Paul M. Pilowsky
AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL
(2019)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
D. Chowdhury, A. Rahman, H. Hu, S. O. Jensen, A. K. Deva, K. Vickery
JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION
(2019)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zohra M. Kakall, Mary M. Kavurma, E. Myfanwy Cohen, Peter R. Howe, Polina E. Nedoboy, Paul M. Pilowsky
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Ludmila Lima-Silveira, Daniela Accorsi-Mendonca, Leni G. H. Bonagamba, Carlos Eduardo L. Almado, Melina P. da Silva, Polina E. Nedoboy, Paul M. Pilowsky, Benedito H. Machado
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2019)
Article
Neurosciences
Melissa M. J. Farnham, Vikram J. Tallapragada, Edward T. O'Connor, Polina E. Nedoboy, Bowen Dempsey, Suja Mohammed, Angelina Y. Fong, Mandy S. Y. Lung, Fatemeh Derakhshan, Richard J. A. Wilson, Paul M. Pilowsky
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2019)
Article
Physiology
Ahmed A. Rahman, Vanesa Stojanovska, Paul Pilowsky, Kulmira Nurgali
Summary: Chronic oxaliplatin treatment leads to increased MAP, sSNA, and PNf, and decreased HR and PNamp. Acute oxaliplatin has no effects on these parameters. Platinum accumulation in the brain may be responsible for the altered cardiovascular and respiratory functions as well as reflexes induced by oxaliplatin.
PFLUGERS ARCHIV-EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sheran Li, Cara M. Hildreth, Ahmed A. Rahman, Sean A. Barton, Benjamin F. Wyse, Chai K. Lim, Paul M. Pilowsky, Jacqueline K. Phillips
Summary: In the juvenile-onset polycystic kidney disease model, renal denervation does not affect hypertension or the renin-angiotensin system.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Physiology
Paul M. Pilowsky
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leah C. Ott, Christopher Y. Han, Jessica L. Mueller, Ahmed A. Rahman, Ryo Hotta, Allan M. Goldstein, Rhian Stavely
Summary: Neurons and glia of the peripheral nervous system are derived from progenitor cell populations originating from embryonic neural crest, and these cells have previously been shown to possess neural stem cell qualities. In this study, a population of neural crest-derived Schwann cells residing in the bone marrow, in association with nerve fibers, were found to exhibit plasticity and generate neural stem cells with neurogenic potential. These cells can form neural networks within the enteric nervous system following transplantation, making them a novel source of autologous neural stem cells for the treatment of neurointestinal disorders.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Rhian Stavely, Sukhada Bhave, Wing Lam N. Ho, Minhal Ahmed, Weikang Pan, Ahmed A. Rahman, Jessica Ulloa, Nicole Bousquet, Meredith Omer, Richard Guyer, Nandor Nagy, Allan M. Goldstein, Ryo Hotta
Summary: The interaction between ENSCs and EMCs plays a crucial role in the normal development of the enteric nervous system, with potential implications for treating Hirschsprung disease. EMCs enhance the expansion and neurosphere-forming ability of ENCDCs through paracrine factors, leading to functional neurons and successful transplantation in the HSCR model.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paul M. Pilowsky
SEROTONIN: THE MEDIATOR THAT SPANS EVOLUTION
(2019)
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Conor F. Underwood, Ahmed A. Rahman, Jacqueline K. Phillips, Cara M. Hildreth
Meeting Abstract
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zohra M. Kakall, Melissa M. J. Farnham, Paul M. Pilowsky