Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Florine M. Wiss, Celine K. Stauble, Henriette E. Meyer zu Schwabedissen, Samuel S. Allemann, Markus L. Lampert
Summary: Patients with chronic pain can have different responses to analgesic medications. Genetic variants can affect the response to opiates, non-opioid analgesics, and antidepressants for neuropathic pain treatment. This case report highlights the importance of an in-depth medication review, including pharmacogenetic analysis, to find better treatment options for patients with complex pain syndromes.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Malavika Deodhar, Jacques Turgeon, Veronique Michaud
Summary: Oxycodone, a widely used opioid for chronic pain management, exerts its analgesic effects through agonistic actions on the mu-opioid receptor. Variability in oxycodone efficacy is linked to polymorphisms in the gene coding for the mu-opioid receptor (OPRM1). The CYP2D6 enzyme plays a key role in the conversion of oxycodone to its active metabolite oxymorphone, with implications for analgesic efficacy.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ismaeel Yunusa, Joshua J. Gagne, Kazuki Yoshida, Katsiaryna Bykov
Summary: In this cohort study, patients treated with paroxetine or fluoxetine were found to have a slightly increased risk of opioid overdose when initiating oxycodone. This study highlights the importance of considering the potential drug-drug interactions when prescribing opioids.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Ibrahim Choucair, Cristina Figueroa Villalba, Michael A. Vera, Gina Cassella-Mclane, Thomas J. S. Durant, Joe M. El-Khoury
Summary: This study evaluated the frequency and concentration of hydrocodone and its metabolite, hydromorphone, in the urine of patients taking oxycodone to determine if the ratio of hydrocodone or hydromorphone to oxycodone could differentiate between exclusive oxycodone use and concomitant use of other opiates. The results showed that hydrocodone and/or hydromorphone can be detected in patients taking only oxycodone, and their presence can be identified as an impurity if the calculated ratio to oxycodone is below 1%.
CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nelly N. Umukoro, Blessed W. Aruldhas, Ryan Rossos, Dhanashri Pawale, Janelle S. Renschler, Senthilkumar Sadhasivam
Summary: Oxycodone is a widely used semisynthetic opioid receptor agonist with advantages such as prolonged action duration and greater potency. However, individual responses may vary due to genetic differences. Conflicting evidence exists regarding the clinical effects of genetic polymorphisms on oxycodone, with more research needed to understand its metabolites and overall analgesic effect.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Feng Zhang, Tiantian Zhang, Jiahao Gong, Qinqin Fang, Shenglan Qi, Mengting Li, Yan Han, Wei Liu, Guangbo Ge
Summary: This study demonstrates that the Chinese herb Styrax can efficiently inhibit hCYP3A4 enzyme and modulate the pharmacokinetic behavior of CYP3A-substrate drugs. It provides valuable insights for clinical pharmacologists to assess the potential herb-drug interactions triggered by Styrax or Styrax-related herbal products.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alicja Puszkiel, Cecile Arellano, Christelle Vachoux, Alexandre Evrard, Valerie Le Morvan, Jean-Christophe Boyer, Jacques Robert, Caroline Delmas, Florence Dalenc, Marc Debled, Laurence Venat-Bouvet, William Jacot, Nadine Dohollou, Chantal Bernard-Marty, Hortense Laharie-Mineur, Thomas Filleron, Henri Roche, Etienne Chatelut, Fabienne Thomas, Melanie White-Koning
Summary: Variations in clinical response to tamoxifen may be related to polymorphic cytochromes P450 involved in forming its active metabolite endoxifen. A population pharmacokinetic model was developed to determine clinically relevant factors of endoxifen exposure. The study found that CYP2D6 phenotype had a significant impact on tamoxifen metabolism, leading to differences in endoxifen levels. Dose adjustment simulations suggested that intermediate metabolizers and poor metabolizers may need higher doses of tamoxifen to reach endoxifen levels similar to normal metabolizers.
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ivana Budic, Tatjana Jevtovic Stoimenov, Dimitrije Pavlovic, Vesna Marjanovic, Ivona Djordjevic, Marija Stevic, Dusica Simic
Summary: Individual variability in response to anesthesia drugs is common and influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Propofol, the most common intravenous anesthetic, can be affected by genetic factors such as gene polymorphisms. However, there is a need for further research on multiple pathways to understand the individual differences in propofol pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Takaki Kamiya, Daiki Hira, Ryo Nakajima, Kazuha Shinoda, Atsuko Motomochi, Aya Morikochi, Yoshito Ikeda, Tetsuichiro Isono, Michiya Akabane, Satoshi Ueshima, Mikio Kakumoto, Shinji Imai, Shin-ya Morita, Tomohiro Terada
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of CYP2D6 genotype on the analgesic effect of tramadol in clinical practice. The results showed that CYP2D6 polymorphism is a predictive factor for the analgesic effect of tramadol, and intermediate metabolizers had significantly lower pain relief compared to normal metabolizers.
BIOLOGICAL & PHARMACEUTICAL BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hongjuan Guo, Yueyue Li, Ji Qiu
Summary: Liensinine inhibits the activity of human liver cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in a time-dependent manner, with significant inhibition on CYP3A. It suggests the potential drug-drug interaction between liensinine and drugs metabolized by CYP3A, 2D6, or 2C19.
LATIN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Miao Xu, Liang Zheng, Jin Zeng, Wenwen Xu, Xuehua Jiang, Ling Wang
Summary: This study established PBPK models to investigate the influence of CYP2D6 gene polymorphism on tramadol pharmacokinetics and predict potential drug-drug interactions. The models accurately described tramadol and M1 exposure in different CYP2D6 phenotypes, suggesting dose adjustments and predicting inhibitor-substrate interactions when tramadol was co-administered with CYP2D6 inhibitors.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hong-Yang Chen, Zi-Ning Wang, Wei-Yi Zhang, Tao Zhu
Summary: This article reviews the research progress of pure opioid receptor agonist oxycodone, summarizing its pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, adverse reactions, clinical application, combined medication, and new progress. Oxycodone, as a semi-synthetic thebaine derivative, acts as a pure opioid mu and kappa receptor agonist. It is widely used for acute and chronic postoperative pain, as well as malignant and non-malignant pain, due to its low adverse reactions, good analgesic effects, and wide range of safe doses. Combination therapy with oxycodone and other drugs can enhance its analgesic effects and limit opioid abuse.
WORLD JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CASES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lin Xu, Ashok Krishna, Sharron Stewart, Katherine Shea, Rebecca Racz, James L. Weaver, Donna A. Volpe, Nageswara R. Pilli, Suresh Narayanasamy, Jeffry Florian, Vikram Patel, Murali K. Matta, Marc B. Stone, Hao Zhu, Michael C. Davis, David G. Strauss, Rodney Rouse
Summary: This study utilized a nonclinical in vivo model to assess the impact on respiration of non-benzodiazepine sedative psychotropic drugs when used concurrently with opioids. It found that paroxetine, trazodone, and quetiapine given with oxycodone significantly increased arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide, potentially due to pharmacokinetic interactions. The study identified drug-drug interaction effects depressing respiration in an animal model when quetiapine or paroxetine were co-administered with oxycodone, highlighting the importance of further clinical pharmacodynamic drug interaction studies.
CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Pureum Kang, Chang-Keun Cho, Choon-Gon Jang, Seok-Yong Lee, Yun Jeong Lee, Chang-Ik Choi, Jung-Woo Bae
Summary: The study investigated the effects of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of gliclazide. The results showed that CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms significantly affected the pharmacokinetics of gliclazide. However, the effects on plasma glucose and insulin responses were not significant, suggesting further research is needed.
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Nicola Ferri, Elisa Colombo, Marco Tenconi, Ludovico Baldessin, Alberto Corsini
Summary: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are frequently prescribed to prevent ischemic stroke in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) patients and treat venous thromboembolism (VTE). They have a favorable risk-benefit profile compared to warfarin but may increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. Polypharmacy and comorbidity in elderly patients can lead to drug-drug interactions (DDIs) with DOACs. This review summarizes potential DDIs and discusses strategies to reduce their occurrence.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christian Skalafouris, Caroline Samer, Jerome Stirnemann, Olivier Grosgurin, Francois Eggimann, Damien Grauser, Jean-Luc Reny, Pascal Bonnabry, Bertrand Guignard
Summary: During Switzerland's first wave of COVID-19, clinical pharmacy activities were replaced by targeted remote interventions using the electronic PharmaCheck system. By screening high-risk situations of adverse drug events, particularly involving lopinavir/ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine prescriptions, the system triggered alerts and proposed therapeutic optimization, such as dose adjustments and additional monitoring, resulting in improved patient care.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Gaelle Magliocco, Jules Desmeules, Caroline Flora Samer, Aurelien Thomas, Youssef Daali
Summary: The suitability of endogenous 6-hydroxymelatonin/melatonin urinary metabolic ratio as a surrogate for cytochrome P450 1A2 (CYP1A2) activity was assessed, and it was found that there is a significant linear relationship between this ratio and first morning voids. However, the variability of the endogenous ratio is larger than the paraxanthine/caffeine ratio, which questions its adequacy as a substitute for CYP1A2 activity. Additional studies with larger samples are needed to further examine this endogenous metric.
CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Pediatrics
Frederique Rodieux, Anton Ivanyuk, Marie Besson, Jules Desmeules, Caroline F. Samer
Summary: This review evaluates the prescription of hydromorphone in children and finds a lack of pediatric pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data for this drug. There is no evidence to support the superiority of hydromorphone over morphine in terms of safety and efficacy in children.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Camille Lenoir, Jean Terrier, Yvonne Gloor, Pauline Gosselin, Youssef Daali, Christophe Combescure, Jules Alexandre Desmeules, Caroline Flora Samer, Jean-Luc Reny, Victoria Rollason
Summary: The phenotypic activity of P-gp has a significant impact on the blood exposure of apixaban and rivaroxaban, while known CYP3A/P-gp genetic polymorphisms are not important. This suggests that P-gp activity should be considered in dose adjustment.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kenza Abouir, Pauline Gosselin, Stephane Guerrier, Youssef Daali, Jules Desmeules, Olivier Grosgurin, Jean-Luc Reny, Caroline Samer, Alexandra Calmy, Kuntheavy Roseline Ing Lorenzini
Summary: In this study, the impact of weight on dexamethasone pharmacokinetics in COVID-19 patients was assessed. The results showed that obese patients had lower dexamethasone exposure compared to normal-weight patients. Additionally, female patients had higher dexamethasone exposure than male patients. However, no significant difference was observed in exploratory treatment outcomes between the obese and normal-weight groups.
CTS-CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Letter
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jean Terrier, Camille Lenoir, Caroline Samer
CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Correction
Medicine, General & Internal
Jean Terrier, Frederic Gaspar, Pierre Fontana, Youssef Daali, Jean-Luc Reny, Chantal Csajka, Caroline F. Samer
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Christian Skalafouris, Anne-Laure Blanc, Olivier Grosgurin, Christophe Marti, Caroline Samer, Christian Lovis, Pascal Bonnabry, Bertrand Guignard
Summary: The study developed electronic queries to assist pharmacists in medication reviews and assessed their performance in detecting drug-related problems (DRPs). The results showed that these electronic queries had high sensitivity and negative predictive value, which can contribute to improving clinical decision support systems.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACY
(2023)
Article
Ethics
Cristina Bosmani, Sonia Carboni, Caroline Samer, Christian Lovis, Thomas Perneger, Angela Huttner, Bernard Hirschel
Summary: In this study, consent bias was assessed in a cohort of over 40,000 adult patients asked to provide consent for the use of their clinical and biological data. The results showed that older patients with more comorbidities and Swiss nationality were more likely to provide consent, indicating a potential bias in actively seeking consent and compromising the external validity of data obtained.
BMC MEDICAL ETHICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Frederique Rodieux, Youssef Daali, Victoria Rollason, Caroline F. Samer, Kuntheavy Ing Lorenzini
Summary: Pharmacokinetics in children is highly variable due to various factors including ontogeny, pharmacogenetics, gender, comorbidities, and drug-drug interactions. Understanding the impact of genetic polymorphisms on drug metabolism and response is lacking in pediatric population. This study aimed to investigate the use of cytochromes P450 (CYP) genotyping and phenotyping tests in children and assess the correlation between genotype and phenotype.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ali El Rida El Masri, Caroline Tobler, Breunis Willemijn, Andre O. Von Bueren, Marc Ansari, Caroline Flora Samer
Summary: Methotrexate is an immunosuppressant and chemotherapeutic agent used for treating autoimmune disorders and cancers. Its main adverse effects are bone marrow suppression and gastrointestinal complications, but hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity are also common.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Aurelien Simona, Wenyu Song, David W. Bates, Caroline Flora Samer
Summary: Pharmacogenomics (PGx) aims to personalize drug therapy based on patient's genetic makeup. Polygenic risk scores (PRS) have emerged as a promising tool to consider the complex interplay and polygenic nature of patients' genetic predisposition affecting drug response. However, there is still a need to demonstrate the clinical utility and implementation of PRS in daily care, and collaboration between bioinformatician, treating physicians, and genetic consultants is crucial for transparent and trustworthy integration of PRS results into real-world medical decisions.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Lea Darnaud, Clement Delage, Youssef Daali, Anne-Priscille Trouvin, Serge Perrot, Nihel Khoudour, Nadia Merise, Laurence Labat, Bruno Etain, Frank Bellivier, Celia Lloret-Linares, Vanessa Bloch, Emmanuel Curis, Xavier Decleves
Summary: Drug-metabolizing enzymes and drug transporters play crucial roles in drug pharmacokinetics and response. The cocktail-based phenotyping approach involves administering multiple probe drugs to evaluate the activities of CYP and transporter simultaneously. This study determined the range of phenotyping indices in healthy volunteers and classified patients with therapeutic issues based on CYP and P-gp activities.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Hengameh Ghasim, Mohammadreza Rouini, Saeed Safari, Farnoosh Larti, Mohammadreza Khoshayand, Kheirollah Gholami, Navid Neyshaburinezhad, Yvonne Gloor, Youssef Daali, Yalda H. Ardakani
Summary: Comparing the effects of bariatric surgery on CYP-mediated drug elimination in comparable patients before and after surgery can reduce inter-individual variability of CYP450s enzyme activity. The current research evaluates the activities of six CYP isoforms and P-gp using a low-dose phenotyping cocktail. The results show increased enzyme activity after weight reduction following surgery, with statistical significance in CYP3A, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, and CYP1A2.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Frederique Rodieux, Flavia Storelli, Francois Curtin, Sergio Manzano, Alain Gervaix, Klara M. Posfay-Barbe, Jules Desmeules, Youssef Daali, Caroline F. Samer
Summary: The study aimed to evaluate pupillometry as a phenotyping method for assessing CYP2D6 activity in children treated with tramadol. The results showed that tramadol affected pupillary parameters in children, but a correlation between pupillometry measurements and CYP2D6 activity could not be identified.