Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Ayat A. Allam, Nermin E. Eleraky, Nadeen H. Diab, Mahmoud Elsabahy, Sahar A. Mohamed, Hala S. Abdel-Ghaffar, Nivin A. Hassan, Samia A. Shouman, Mervat M. Omran, Sahar B. Hassan, Noura G. Eissa
Summary: This study developed sublingual in situ gels of dexmedetomidine (DEX) and demonstrated their enhanced mucoadhesion, gelling capacity, and drug release. Compared to intravenous administration, sublingual administration of DEX gel provided a longer duration of analgesia and amelioration of systemic adverse reactions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hayato Nomura, Hayato Terayama, Daisuke Kiyoshima, Ning Qu, Kosuke Shirose, Shuhei Tetsu, Shogo Hayashi, Kou Sakabe, Takeshi Suzuki
Summary: This study investigates the effects of Dexmedetomidine (DEX) administration on the testis, and finds that DEX does not have damaging effects on the testis, despite the presence of DEX receptors.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dongun Lee, Jeong Hee Hong
Summary: Dexmedetomidine (Dex), an analgesic and sedative drug with anti-inflammatory properties, was found to reduce the migration of fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and decrease the expression of RA-related factors. This suggests that Dex may be a potential therapeutic drug for RA.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Katherine A. Gallaway, Todd C. Skaar, Ashwin Biju, James Slaven, Emma M. Tillman
Summary: This study aimed to determine the association between ADRA2A genotype and dexmedetomidine dose in children. The results showed that the relationship between ADRA2A genotype and dexmedetomidine response is not clear in children, highlighting the need for pediatric studies to validate PGx findings in adults.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Sophia Pathan, Justin B. Kaplan, Katarzyna Adamczyk, Stephanie H. Chiu, Chirag V. Shah
Summary: Approximately 30% of adult patients in intensive care units experienced dexmedetomidine withdrawal syndrome, with a higher incidence in surgical patients compared to medical or cardiac patients. There was no correlation between dose, exposure, and weaning in the occurrence of withdrawal, but concomitant discontinuation of opioids or benzodiazepines as well as ICU admission type could highlight cases requiring closer monitoring.
JOURNAL OF CRITICAL CARE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jia Liao, Kaiying Li, Xingyu Su, Yihua Chen, Yingwei Wang, Xiangxu Tang, Yun Xing, Yaqian Xu, Xiaomeng Dai, Jiashuo Teng, Hongmei Li, Huadong Wang, Xiuxiu Lv, Yiyang Wang
Summary: The study showed that DEX could effectively accelerate LPS-induced differentiation of CFs into myofibroblasts by activating alpha(2A)-AR and the PKC-p38-Smad2/3 signaling pathway. Moreover, TNF-alpha released from nonpassage CFs was significantly higher after LPS stimulation compared to passage CFs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Cecilia D. Gerstner, Michelle Reed, Tiffanie M. Dahl, Guoxin Ying, Jeanne M. Frederick, Wolfgang Baehr
Summary: ARL2 is involved in the neogenesis of tubulin alpha beta-heterodimers with TBCD, and its deletion leads to disrupted microtubule cytoskeleton and absence of outer segments in the retina. However, conditional deletion in rods reveals normal ERG responses. The results suggest a dependence between ARL2 and dynein in generating a functional microtubule cytoskeleton during early photoreceptor development.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Youngkyu Kim, Minju Cho, Bjorn Paulson, Sung-Hoon Kim, Jun Ki Kim
Summary: This study demonstrates that administering dexmedetomidine to mice can reduce fluorescence fluctuations caused by respiration, improving the quality and resolution of intravital fluorescence imaging.
MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Minfei Su, Jinan Wang, Guoqing Xiang, Hung Nguyen Do, Joshua Levitz, Yinglong Miao, Xin-Yun Huang
Summary: α（1）-adrenergic receptors (α(1)-ARs) are crucial in regulating blood pressure, cognition, and metabolism. The lack of specific agonists for all subtypes of α(1)-ARs has hindered our understanding of their physiological roles and drug development. This study reveals the molecular mechanisms underlying the discrimination between α(1A)-AR and α(1B)-AR by the agonist A61603, providing insights for the rational design of subtype-specific agonists.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shuang Wei, Chun-Yu Qiu, Ying Jin, Ting-Ting Liu, Wang-Ping Hu
Summary: Dexmedetomidine exerts peripheral analgesic effects by inhibiting the functional activity of ASICs via alpha(2A)-ARs and intracellular G(i/o) proteins and cAMP/protein kinase A signaling pathway in rat DRG neurons.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
John L. Hamilton, Mona Vashi, Ekta B. Kishen, Louis F. Fogg, Markus A. Wimmer, Robert A. Balk
Summary: The use of dexmedetomidine (DEX), an alpha(2) AR agonist, may reduce mortality in COVID-19 patients, according to a retrospective analysis of 214 adult patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation and sedation. The cohort receiving DEX had a significantly lower 28-day mortality rate compared to the cohort without DEX, suggesting the potential effectiveness of alpha(2) AR agonists in reducing mortality in COVID-19 patients.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Silviane F. de Magalhaes, Luis P. Manzo, Felipe M. de Faria, Maria C. de Oliveira-Fusaro, Catarine M. Nishijima, Willians F. Vieira, Ivan J. M. Bonet, Gilson G. dos Santos, Claudia H. Tambeli, Carlos A. Parada
Summary: TNF-alpha plays a key role in the development of inflammatory hyperalgesia by stimulating the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and increasing nociceptors' susceptibility to the action of final inflammatory mediators. This mechanism may also explain the analgesic action of thalidomide.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wei Zhou, Yunchun Zhang, Yingfu Jiao, Wen Yin, Haiping Dong, Saihong Xu, Dan Tang, Junli Jiang, Jianlin Shao, Zhenhong Wang, Weifeng Yu
Summary: Stroke ranks as the second leading cause of death and long-term disability worldwide, with limited effective treatments. Perioperative stroke is associated with higher mortality and disability rates, but dexmedetomidine (Dex) has shown neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke by preserving mitochondrial function in brain endothelial cells, potentially through increased phosphorylation of serine 637 in dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1).
ACTA BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA SINICA
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zheng Xie, Robert Fong, Aaron P. Fox
Summary: This study confirms that combining a low dose of propofol or sevoflurane with Dex can create an effective anesthesia, which can be rapidly reversed by atipamezole and caffeine.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Xinlu Li, Geng Lin, Tongtong Liu, Ning Zhao, He Xu, Huaqin Wang, Wei Zheng
Summary: The expression and distribution of BAG3 in the brain of C57BL/6 mice show a significant decline shortly after birth, followed by minimal differences in young and middle-aged mice, and then a significant increase in aged mice at 18 months. This suggests that BAG3 may be stable in young and middle-aged mice, but unstable in aged mice.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2021)
Review
Anesthesiology
Wallis T. Muhly, Elsa Taylor, Cyrus Razavi, Suellen M. Walker, Lei Yang, Jurgen C. de Graaff, Laszlo Vutskits, Andrew Davidson, Yunxia Zuo, Carolina Perez-Pradilla, Piedad Echeverry, Alexandra M. Torborg, Ting Xu, Ellen Rawlinson, Rajeev Subramanyam, Simon Whyte, Robert Seal, Heidi M. Meyer, Sandhya Yaddanapudi, Susan M. Goobie, Joseph P. Cravero, Aideen Keaney, M. Ruth Graham, Tania Ramos, Paul A. Stricker
PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA
(2020)
Review
Pediatrics
Christopher Eccleston, Emma Fisher, Richard F. Howard, Rebeccah Slater, Paula Forgeron, Tonya M. Palermo, Kathryn A. Birnie, Brian J. Anderson, Christine T. Chambers, Geert Crombez, Gustaf Ljungman, Isabel Jordan, Zachary Jordan, Caitriona Roberts, Neil Schechter, Christine B. Sieberg, Dick Tibboel, Suellen M. Walker, Dominic Wilkinson, Chantal Wood
LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Madeleine Verriotis, Judy Peters, Clarissa Sorger, Suellen M. Walker
Summary: The study recruited adolescents aged 10-17 with neuropathic pain or complex regional pain syndrome. The results showed that changes in pain symptoms, sensory features, and psychological function were associated with severe pain, decreased quality of life, and emotional distress.
Article
Anesthesiology
Nicola Disma, Katalin Virag, Thomas Riva, Jost Kaufmann, Thomas Engelhardt, Walid Habre
Summary: This study analyzed interventions related to anesthesia tracheal intubations in neonates and small infants in Europe, and found a high incidence of difficult tracheal intubation leading to severe hypoxemia. However, there was no increase in morbidity or mortality at 30 and 90 days following a difficult intubation event.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2021)
Article
Anesthesiology
Nicola Disma, Francis Veyckemans, Katalin Virag, Tom G. Hansen, Karin Becke, Pierre Harlet, Laszlo Vutskits, Suellen M. Walker, Jurgen C. de Graaff, Marzena Zielinska, Dusica Simic, Thomas Engelhardt, Walid Habre
Summary: This study found that neonates and infants undergoing anesthesia are at risk of physiological instability, with hypotension and reduced oxygenation being common triggers for medical intervention. Factors such as postmenstrual age and preoperative medical conditions can influence the incidence and thresholds for intervention. The co-occurrence of intraoperative hypotension, hypoxemia, and anemia is associated with increased risk of complications and mortality.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2021)
Review
Anesthesiology
Lisa A. Sogbodjor, Georgina Singleton, Mark Davenport, Suellen Walker, S. Ramani Moonesinghe
Summary: This study aimed to identify perioperative structure and process measures associated with improved outcomes for children undergoing emergency abdominal surgery. The findings suggested that processes such as time lapse between presentation and surgery, as well as the use of specific analgesia and antibiotic protocols, were associated with clinical outcomes. Structural factors, including hospital and surgeon caseload as well as the use of perioperative care pathways, were also identified.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Alexander Fuchs, Nicola Disma, Katalin Virag, Francis Ulmer, Walid Habre, Jurgen C. de Graaff, Thomas Riva
Summary: Little is known about current clinical practice regarding peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and small infants. The results of this study indicate that the transfusion-triggering haemoglobin thresholds in clinical practice are lower than suggested by current guidelines. Furthermore, the high morbidity and mortality rates in this patient population call for further investigation and evidence-based guidelines for peri-operative red blood cell transfusion strategies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Suellen M. Walker, Shelle Malkmus, Kelly Eddinger, Joanne Steinauer, Amanda J. Roberts, Veronica Shubayev, Marjorie R. Grafe, Susan B. Powell, Tony L. Yaksh
Summary: Single maximum tolerated in vivo doses of intrathecal 2-CP produced reversible spinal anesthesia in juvenile rodents without detectable evidence of developmental neurotoxicity. Current results cannot be extrapolated to repeated dosing or prolonged infusion.
Review
Anesthesiology
Suellen M. Walker, Ebony L. Selers, Matthew A. Jay
Summary: Pain management for severe mucositis induced by chemotherapy may require prolonged IV opioid therapy, with individual and treatment-related variability in analgesic requirements, highlighting the importance of regular review, titration, and management by specialist services.
PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Suellen M. Walker, Thomas Engelhardt, Nargis Ahmad, Nadine Dobby
Summary: The NECTARINE study found that perioperative critical events and co-morbidities are common in neonates and young infants. There were no significant differences in 30-day morbidity and mortality between UK and nonUK participants. Identifying factors associated with increased risk is crucial for preoperative assessment and discussions.
PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Laura Simons, Massieh Moayedi, Robert C. Coghill, Jennifer Stinson, Martin S. Angst, Nima Aghaeepour, Brice Gaudilliere, Christopher D. King, Marina Lopez-Sola, Marie-Eve Hoeppli, Emma Biggs, Ed Ganio, Sara E. Williams, Kenneth R. Goldschneider, Fiona Campbell, Danielle Ruskin, Elliot J. Krane, Suellen Walker, Gillian Rush, Marissa Heirich
Summary: This study aims to discover and validate a robust prognostic marker for chronic musculoskeletal pain in adolescents, in order to develop personalized treatment strategies and allocate pain treatment resources more effectively.
Review
Anesthesiology
Maddlie Bardol, Shan Pan, Suellen M. Walker, Joseph F. Standing, Joy M. Dawes
Summary: Pharmacokinetic pharmacodynamic modeling is a valuable tool for understanding the relationship between drug concentration and effect, particularly in pediatric patients. It helps to identify variability among patients and adjust dosing for optimal pain management. Consideration of size and maturation is crucial in accurate modeling and determining optimal dose in different age groups. However, assessing analgesic and sedative effects in children can be challenging due to the multidimensional nature of pain and limitations of measurement tools.
PEDIATRIC ANESTHESIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Suellen M. Walker
Summary: Understanding the mechanisms and potential interventions for the transition from acute to chronic pain is crucial for preventing or minimizing chronic postsurgical pain. Clinical observations and laboratory studies have provided insights into the acute and long-term effects of surgical injury on nociceptive pathways, including changes in sensitivity, age and sex-dependent mechanisms, potential intervention targets, and the impact of prior surgical injury.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF PAIN-REVUE CANADIENNE DE LA DOULEUR
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Madeleine Verriotis, Clarissa Sorger, Judy Peters, Lizbeth J. Ayoub, Kiran K. Seunarine, Chris A. Clark, Suellen M. Walker, Massieh Moayedi
Summary: This study investigated amygdalar resting state functional connectivity in adolescents with neuropathic pain. The results showed that compared to healthy adolescents, those with neuropathic pain had stronger negative functional connectivity between the right amygdala and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and stronger positive functional connectivity between the right amygdala and the left angular gyrus. Furthermore, lower pain intensity was associated with stronger negative amygdala-dlPFC functional connectivity in males, and with stronger positive amygdala-AG functional connectivity in females.
FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Anesthesiology
Alexander Fuchs, Nicola Disma, Katalin Virag, Francis Ulmer, Walid Habre, Jurgen C. de Graaff, Thomas Riva
Summary: The study found that the triggering hemoglobin thresholds for red blood cell transfusion in clinical practice were lower than those suggested by current guidelines, and the high morbidity and mortality rates in the NECTARINE sub-cohort call for further investigative action and evidence-based guidelines to address perioperative red blood cell transfusion strategies.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ANAESTHESIOLOGY
(2022)
