Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Tomonori Sugiura, Hiroyuki Takase, Nobuyuki Ohte, Yasuaki Dohi
Summary: The study found that salt intake increases with age in Japanese adults, which should be taken into consideration when devising strategies to lower salt intake.
NUTRITION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sepiso K. K. Masenga, Leta Pilic, Annet Kirabo
Summary: This article provides a summary of current literature and proposes potential mechanistic models to understand the role of HIV infection/antiretroviral therapy (ART), salt taste sensitivity (STS), and salt sensitivity of blood pressure (SSBP) in hypertension development. Recent findings show that epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) is the main protein/sodium channel involved in salt taste recognition and preference. HIV infection, ART, and specific antihypertensive drugs are associated with reduced STS and increased liking for salty foods. Persons with HIV on ART may have a decreased STS and are at higher risk of developing salt-sensitive hypertension, which can be exacerbated by inflammation mediated by dietary salt.
CURRENT HYPERTENSION REPORTS
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Caitlin Baumer-Harrison, Joseph M. Breza, Colin Sumners, Eric G. Krause, Annette D. de Kloet
Summary: Sodium (Na+) is crucial for body homeostasis and its levels are tightly regulated by multiple organ systems. Sodium is acquired from diet and substances containing sodium taste salty and are palatable. Sodium appetite is a response involving the brain and organ systems to increase sodium intake. Dysregulation of sodium intake can lead to diseases. This article focuses on how stress-related and cardiometabolic diseases influence sodium intake and proposes a reciprocal relationship between neural control of sodium intake and blood pressure.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Young-Beom Kim, Won Woo Jung, Seung Won Lee, Xiangyan Jin, Hyung Kyung Kang, Eun-Hwa Hong, Sun Seek Min, Yoon-Sik Kim, Hee Chul Han, Christopher S. Colwell, Yang In Kim
Summary: The study found that excessive maternal salt intake can lead to salt sensitivity of blood pressure in male offspring, which is mediated by increased AVP secretion.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ali Abbas Mohammad Kurshed, Roza Adany, Judit Dioszegi
Summary: This review explores the associations between taste preference polymorphisms and alcohol consumption behavior. Most of the studies analyzed the polymorphisms of TAS2R38, but there is limited research on other polymorphisms. Additional research is recommended to replicate existing findings and aid in the development of personalized recommendations for unhealthy alcohol use.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Manali Dey, Anindya Ganguly, Anupama Dahanukar
Summary: High concentrations of dietary salt are harmful to health. Drosophila melanogaster show taste avoidance of high salt foods. High salt inhibits sugar response in taste neurons and feeding behavior. This study characterizes a mechanism in appetitive taste neurons that can deter ingestion of potentially harmful salts.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yueyuan Liao, Chao Chu, Qiong Ma, Yu Yan, Dan Wang, Yue Sun, Yang Wang, Jiawen Hu, Chen Chen, Jianjun Mu
Summary: Transient high salt intake leads to salt memory, causing persistent elevation of blood pressure and kidney damage even after returning to a normal diet. Epigenetic changes and persistent inflammatory activation play important roles in mediating salt memory and its effects on hypertension and renal damage in salt-sensitive rats.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Hasnah Haron, NurAisyah Farhana Kamal, Hanis Mastura Yahya, Suzana Shahar
Summary: This study found that the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of the elderly, along with personal factors such as BMI, education level, and living situation, were significantly associated with blood pressure. Further education and intervention are needed to improve awareness of healthy salt intake among the elderly as part of hypertension prevention.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Nathan T. Romberger, Joseph M. Stock, Jordan C. Patik, Ronald K. McMillan, Shannon L. Lennon, David G. Edwards, William B. Farquhar
Summary: The prevalence of inverse salt sensitivity (ISS; a reduction in blood pressure on a high sodium diet) was determined among healthy normotensive adults and its association with demographic characteristics was investigated. The study found that the prevalence of ISS was 10.7%, with no significant differences based on age or sex, but ISS was more prevalent in individuals with a normal BMI.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mengyao Shi, Jiang He, Changwei Li, Xiangfeng Lu, William J. He, Jie Cao, Jing Chen, Ji-Chun Chen, Lydia A. Bazzano, Jian-Xin Li, Hua He, Dongfeng Gu, Tanika N. Kelly
Summary: The study identified metabolite associations with salt sensitivity and hypertension, with 15 metabolites linked to hypertension. Changes in these metabolites predicted the occurrence of hypertension, providing insights into the biological mechanisms underlying salt-sensitive hypertension.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Fengxu Zhang, Yunyi Xie, Xiaojun Yang, Wenjuan Peng, Han Qi, Bingxiao Li, Fuyuan Wen, Pandi Li, Yuan Sun, Ling Zhang
Summary: This study utilized a modified Sullivan's acute oral saline load and diuresis shrinkage test to identify novel metabolite biomarkers associated with salt sensitive hypertension. The results revealed 39 differentially expressed metabolites between salt sensitive and salt resistant individuals. Combinations of multiple metabolites showed the best diagnostic performance. This study provides potential evidence for understanding the mechanism of salt sensitive hypertension and offers novel biological insights.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jacqueline C. Potter, Shannon A. Whiles, Conor B. Miles, Jenna B. Whiles, Mark A. Mitchell, Brianna E. Biederman, Febronia M. Dawoud, Kevin F. Breuel, Geoffrey A. Williamson, Maria M. Picken, Aaron J. Polichnowski
Summary: The study found that high salt intake significantly increased blood pressure and exacerbated renal injury in salt-sensitive rats, while salt-resistant rats showed less severe symptoms. In consomic rats, high salt intake significantly decreased renal vascular resistance and increased renal blood flow, whereas these changes did not occur in salt-sensitive rats.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION
(2021)
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Julie R. Ingelfinger
Summary: Opinions about the effects of sodium intake on blood pressure and stroke risk have been varied over the years, but data shows that high sodium intake is associated with increased risks of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and death. Reducing sodium intake while increasing potassium intake can lower blood pressure levels and decrease morbidity.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Michel Strauss-Kruger, Tertia van Zyl, Marlien Pieters, Ruan Kruger, Gontse Mokwatsi, Lebo Gafane-Matemane, Hlengiwe Mbongwa, Adriaan Jacobs, Aletta E. Schutte, Roan Louw, Carina Mels
Summary: Excessive salt intake may exacerbate genetic predisposition to hypertension and promote early onset of cardiovascular disease in Black populations. Ethnic differences in the interaction between sodium intake and the metabolome may play a part in the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease.
HYPERTENSION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mary D. Adu, Catherine P. Bondonno, Benjamin H. Parmenter, Marc Sim, Raymond J. Davey, Kevin Murray, Simone Radavelli-Bagatini, Dianna J. Magliano, Robin M. Daly, Jonathan E. Shaw, Joshua R. Lewis, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Nicola P. Bondonno
Summary: This study examined the association between flavonoid intake and measures of glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in adults, as well as the long-term risk of type 2 diabetes. The results suggest that consuming flavonoid-rich foods may protect against type 2 diabetes by improving glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mark Glaister, Kiran Chopra, Ana Luis Pereira De Sena, Cassie Sternbach, Liridon Morina, Yiannis Mavrommatis
Summary: The study found that caffeine can reduce average heart rate during submaximal exercise, significantly shorten time-trial completion time, and decrease perceived exercise intensity. These effects are not influenced by ADORA2A or CYP1A2 genotypes.
APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY NUTRITION AND METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Catherine A. M. Graham, Leta Pilic, Alexandra King, Jonathan E. Nixon, Julie Pipe, Juliet Holton, Krisztina Tamba, Gary Hearne, Charles R. Pedlar, Silvia Lorente-Cebrian, Pedro Gonzalez Muniesa, Yiannis Mavrommatis
Summary: This study suggests that different genotypes may influence fat taste sensitivity, with some genotypes being associated with differences in dietary intake. In a cohort of Caucasian females in the UK, individuals with certain genotypes showed variations in fat taste sensitivity and dietary intake. Further research on a larger, ethnically similar cohort is needed to validate these findings.
FOOD QUALITY AND PREFERENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Isabela Cristina Ramos Podboi, Sophie Stephenson, Leta Pilic, Catherine Anna-Marie Graham, Alexandra King, Yiannis Mavrommatis
Summary: The study found that carriers of the T allele had significantly higher levels of HbA1c compared to non-carriers. Multiple regression analysis showed associations between diet, genotype, and HbA1c levels, explaining 37.1% of the variance in HbA1c. Certain macronutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, monounsaturated fatty acids, and saturated fatty acids, were positively associated with HbA1c concentration.
LIFESTYLE GENOMICS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Narges Grau, Noushin Mohammadifard, Razieh Hassannejhad, Fahimeh Haghighatdoost, Masoumeh Sadeghi, Mohammad Talaei, Firoozeh Sajjadi, Yiannis Mavrommatis, Nizal Sarrafzadegan
Summary: In this study, the highest tertile of red meat intake, either alone or combined with processed meat, was associated with a 50% reduced risk of stroke but an increased risk of cardiovascular disease mortality. Red meat and red plus processed meat intake were found to be inversely associated with stroke risk but positively linked with CVD mortality.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mehran Rahimlou, Narges Grau, Nasrin Banaie Jahromi, Marzieh Taheri, Alireza Khosravi, Yiannis Mavrommatis, Noushin Mohammadifard
Summary: This study found that adherence to the DASH and MED diets was significantly associated with lower systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and reduced odds of pre-hypertension occurrence.
NUTRITION METABOLISM AND CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sepiso K. Masenga, Leta Pilic, Malani Malumani, Benson M. Hamooya
Summary: The study found a significant correlation between self-reported high salt intake and erythrocyte sodium sensitivity or vascular sodium buffering capacity, potentially impacting cardiovascular health in middle-aged Zambians.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexandra King, Catherine A-M Graham, Mark Glaister, Viviane Da Silva Anastacio, Leta Pilic, Yiannis Mavrommatis
Summary: Genotype-based dietary and physical activity advice does not have an impact on behavior change, both in the general population and in individuals at risk of cardiovascular disease or type II diabetes mellitus.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Angeliki Kapellou, Alexandra King, Catherine A. M. Graham, Leta Pilic, Yiannis Mavrommatis
Summary: This review examines the effects of caffeine on genetic polymorphisms and brain-related outcomes. The results suggest that the CYP1A2 gene is associated with cognitive function, while the ADORA2A gene is associated with anxiety and sleep disturbances. Future studies should further investigate specific genetic polymorphisms involved in each brain outcome, the different effects of caffeine on cognitive function, gender differences in anxiety effects, and how habitual caffeine intake influences the acute effects of caffeine.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jessica Virgili, Petros Motitis, Gabrielle Julal, Yiannis Mavrommatis, Leta Pilic
Summary: This systematic review aimed to explore the impact of genetics on the relationship between caffeine consumption and cardiometabolic outcomes. The results showed that genetic variations can moderate the association between caffeine consumption and glucose response, hypertension, and blood pressure. However, the findings regarding cardiovascular disease and caffeine consumption were equivocal or require further replication.
NUTRITION BULLETIN
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sepiso K. Masenga, Leta Pilic, Benson M. Hamooya, Selestine Nzala, Douglas C. Heimburger, Wilbroad Mutale, John R. Koethe, Annet Kirabo, Sody M. Munsaka, Fernando Elijovich
Summary: This study found that 62% of normotensive individuals experienced a clinically significant increase in mean arterial pressure after ingesting salt, with the systolic blood pressure at 30 minutes post-salt load being a significant predictor of this response. The findings suggest that salt consumed in single meals may contribute to an increased 24-hour blood pressure load, which is a risk factor for hypertension and target organ damage, emphasizing the importance of including dietary sodium assessment in the diagnosis, prevention, and management of high blood pressure.
CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2022)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Sepiso K. Masenga, Annet Kirabo, Benson M. Hamooya, Selestine Nzala, Geoffrey Kwenda, Douglas C. Heimburger, Wilbroad Mutale, John R. Koethe, Leta Pilic, Sody M. Munsaka
Summary: High dietary salt intake exacerbates blood pressure in hypertensive individuals, especially in terms of nocturnal blood pressure dipping. Among HIV-positive individuals, hypertensive patients show greater sensitivity to salt intake and have a more pronounced non-dipping pattern compared to HIV-negative hypertensive individuals.
CLINICAL HYPERTENSION
(2021)