Article
Immunology
Nils Kappelmann, Darina Czamara, Nicolas Rost, Sylvain Moser, Vanessa Schmoll, Lucia Trastulla, Jan Stochl, Susanne Lucae, Elisabeth B. Binder, Golam M. Khandaker, Janine Arloth
Summary: Genetic predisposition to higher systemic inflammatory markers is primarily associated with somatic/neurovegetative symptoms of depression such as changes in appetite and fatigue.
BRAIN BEHAVIOR AND IMMUNITY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. L. Silva, T. J. DeVries, E. C. Fernandes, M. Marcondes
Summary: This study aimed to develop equations for estimating growth of dairy heifers based on measures of withers height, body weight, and age. Four models were constructed and evaluated, showing that body weight and the body weight-to-height ratio increase linearly with age, while body weight follows an exponential growth pattern based on height. The model also predicted that heifers reach a maximum height of 138.6 cm at 806 days of age.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Hye Soo Chung, Ji Sung Lee, Eyun Song, Jung A. Kim, Eun Roh, Ji Hee Yu, Nam Hoon Kim, Hye Jin Yoo, Ji A. Seo, Sin Gon Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Sei Hyun Baik, Kyung Mook Choi
Summary: Based on a nationwide population-based cohort database, the research found that metabolically unhealthy phenotype is a significant risk factor for pancreatic cancer occurrence, independent of obesity. Conversely, obese individuals with metabolically healthy phenotype did not show an elevated risk of pancreatic cancer.
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lucas Fornari Laurindo, Sandra Maria Barbalho, Alexis R. Marquess, Annik Ianara de Souza Grecco, Ricardo de Alvares Goulart, Ricardo Jose Tofano, Anupam Bishayee
Summary: This review evaluates the potential of pomegranate in reducing metabolic syndrome risk factors. The studies suggest that pomegranate can reduce body weight, blood pressure, glycemia, lipid levels, and improve insulin resistance.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Min Jeong Park, Kyung Mook Choi
Summary: Despite efforts to improve cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, there is still residual risk even in patients reaching treatment targets. Recent research has focused on the variability of metabolic variables as a way to reduce this residual risk. This literature review explores the relationship between metabolic factor variability and CVD risk, and discusses potential mechanisms and treatment perspectives for reducing cardiometabolic risk factor variability.
DIABETES & METABOLISM JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Ji Hyun An, Kyung-do Han, Jin-Hyung Jung, Juhwan Yoo, Maurizio Fava, David Mischoulon, Su-Min Jung, Dong Wook Shin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Hong Jin Jeon
Summary: This study found a significant association between body weight variability and increased risk of depression in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Patients with higher body weight variability were more likely to develop depression, indicating that body weight variability may serve as an indicator for early detection of depression in type 2 diabetes patients.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kirsten T. Sharpe, Bradley J. Heins
Summary: Recording body weights of dairy calves is important for monitoring their health and making management decisions. Traditional weighing methods can be time-consuming and labor-intensive. A study evaluated the accuracy of a forefront weight scale attached to an automated calf milk feeder system for measuring the body weights of Holstein and crossbred dairy calves.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Mi Jin Park, Juhwan Yoo, Kyungdo Han, Dong Wook Shin, Maurizio Fava, David Mischoulon, Hong Jin Jeon
Summary: This study found that high body weight variability (BWV) is associated with an increased risk of depression. Even after adjusting for other factors, the association between high BWV and depression remains. This suggests that BWV may be an important risk factor for depression.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Carmen G. Manzanarez-Quin, Lilia M. Beltran-Barrientos, Adrian Hernandez-Mendoza, Aaron F. Gonzalez-Cordova, Belinda Vallejo-Cordoba
Summary: Obesity is a widespread issue worldwide, and probiotic fermented dairy products have emerged as a potential new strategy for combating this problem. Research is needed to explore the antiobesity effects of these products in depth.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Marcos Busanello, Debora G. Sousa, Milaine Poczynek, Rodrigo de Almeida, Carla M. M. Bittar, Filipe A. C. Mendonca, Dante P. D. Lanna
Summary: This study investigated the body growth curves of three genetic groups of dairy heifers (HOL, H x G, and JER) using data from Brazilian commercial dairy herds. The results showed different body growth patterns among the genetic groups, with Jersey cattle maturing earlier than Holstein and Holstein x Gyr cattle. The recommended body weight for first breeding and first calving was not achieved by all genetic groups.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ehsan Motevalizadeh, Andres Diaz-Lopez, Francisco Martin-Lujan, Josep Basora, Victoria Arija
Summary: This prospective cohort study conducted in Catalonia, Spain, aimed to examine the associations between sociodemographic, lifestyle, and clinical factors with cardiometabolic risk and its components during pregnancy. The study found that overweight/obesity, lower education level, and lack of physical activity were associated with an increased cardiometabolic risk in early pregnancy, while overweight/obesity, insufficient gestational weight gain, and higher social class were associated with a decreased cardiometabolic risk in the third trimester.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shuo Wang, Lingling Zhang, Di Wang, Meiqin Huang, Jingyu Zhao, Vasanti Malik, Xiaoran Liu, Liang Sun, Xu Lin, Yan Chen
Summary: This study suggests that peanut intervention in adults with MetS risk is associated with gut microbiota composition, and responsiveness data can predict improvements in MetS risk and various parameters.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
R. Mrode, J. Ojango, C. Ekine-Dzivenu, H. Aliloo, J. Gibson, M. A. Okeyo
Summary: Selection based on genomic predictions is feasible for genetic improvement in smallholder dairy systems in Tanzania, with moderate to high levels of accuracy (0.53-0.83) obtained for genomic prediction of daily milk yield and body weight. This approach is likely to be the only initial possible pathway to implementing sustained genetic improvement programs in such systems.
JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ivona Mitu, Cristina-Daniela Dimitriu, Cristina Preda, Ovidiu Mitu, Irina-Iuliana Costache, Radu-Stefan Miftode, Manuela Ciocoiu
Summary: This research aimed to establish a hierarchy of the influence of various biological markers and body composition parameters on preventing, diagnosing, and managing Metabolic Syndrome (MetS). Based on a cross-sectional cohort study, it was found that patients with MetS had higher levels of uric acid and CRP but lower levels of adiponectin compared to patients without MetS. The top predictive markers for the prevalence of MetS were HDL, insulin, and adiponectin:leptin ratio, while the top body composition parameters were trunk fat-free percentage, waist-height ratio, and trunk fat percentage.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jinlei Li, Chunyu Liu, Ting Fang Alvin Ang, Rhoda Au
Summary: This study found that decreasing BMI trends in late life were associated with higher risk of developing dementia. Among them, individuals with an initial increase and subsequent decline in BMI during mid-life had a greater risk of dementia.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Charlotte Wernicke, Anne Pohrt, Laura Pletsch-Borba, Konstantina Apostolopoulou, Silke Hornemann, Nina Meyer, Jurgen Machann, Christiana Gerbracht, Frank Tacke, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer, Joachim Spranger, Knut Mai
Summary: This study aimed to assess the long-term effects of a dietary intervention high in protein and unsaturated fatty acids on intrahepatic lipids and metabolism. The study found that in adherent older individuals following dietary recommendations, a high-protein and unsaturated fatty acids diet can have beneficial long-term effects on liver fat and lipid metabolism.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robert Wagner, Martin Heni, Konstantinos Kantartzis, Arvid Sandforth, Juergen Machann, Fritz Schick, Andreas Peter, Louise Fritsche, Julia Szendroedi, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer, Annette Schuermann, Matthias Blueher, Hans Hauner, Jochen Seissler, Stefan Bornstein, Michael Roden, Norbert Stefan, Andreas L. Birkenfeld, Morris F. White, Hans-Ulrich Haering, Andreas Fritsche
Summary: The objective of this study was to examine the effects of lifestyle intervention on impaired insulin secretion in specific subphenotypes of prediabetes. Participants from the Prediabetes Lifestyle Intervention Study were divided into six prediabetes clusters and assessed for insulin secretion, glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and liver fat changes during a 1-year intervention. The lifestyle intervention improved glycemic traits in all high-risk clusters, while insulin secretion increased only in clusters 3 and 5. However, high liver fat in cluster 5 hindered the improvement of insulin secretion.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jamie Hartmann-Boyce, Annika Theodoulou, Jason L. L. Oke, Ailsa R. R. Butler, Anastasios Bastounis, Anna Dunnigan, Rimu Byadya, Linda J. J. Cobiac, Peter Scarborough, F. D. Richard Hobbs, Falko F. F. Sniehotta, Susan A. A. Jebb, Paul Aveyard
Summary: Behavioral weight management programs (BWMPs) can reduce cardiometabolic risk factors, with effects lasting for at least 5 years after program end, despite weight regain. However, the evidence regarding whether they can reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease or diabetes is less certain.
CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR QUALITY AND OUTCOMES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dimitrios A. Koutoukidis, Emma Barron, Richard Stevens, Paul Aveyard, Jonathan Valabhji, Susan A. Jebb
Summary: This study found that people who start a weight management program in January tend to lose more weight compared to those who start at other times of the year, with a difference ranging from 12% to 30%.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michael Kruse, Silke Hornemann, Anne-Cathrin Ost, Turid Frahnow, Daniela Hoffmann, Andreas Busjahn, Martin A. Osterhoff, Bettina Schuppelius, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer
Summary: This study investigated the gene expression changes in white adipose tissue after an isocaloric high-fat diet in healthy human twins. The results showed that fatty acid transport was reduced, while fructose transport was increased, potentially leading to increased de novo lipogenesis. These gene expression changes were partially inherited.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sabina S. H. Andersen, Ruixin Zhu, Louise Kjolbaek, Anne Raben
Summary: The use of non- and low-caloric sweetener(s) as a means to prevent overweight and obesity is highly debated. This systematic review found that drinks or meals with NCS or LCS resulted in higher fat and lower carbohydrate oxidation compared to caloric sweeteners. However, no other conclusions could be drawn due to insufficient or inconsistent results. Further studies in this research field are warranted.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Karen Della Corte, Elli Jalo, Niina E. Kaartinen, Liz Simpson, Moira A. Taylor, Roslyn Muirhead, Anne Raben, Ian A. Macdonald, Mikael Fogelholm, Jennie Brand-Miller
Summary: This study found that dietary sugars are linked to overweight and the development of type 2 diabetes. Total sugars were inversely associated with fasting insulin and C-peptide, while free sugars were inversely associated with fasting glucose and HbA1c. Glycaemic index was positively associated with glucose metabolism, and added sugars were positively associated with body fatness and BMI.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Thomas M. Barber, Stefan Kabisch, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer, Martin O. Weickert
Summary: The Mediterranean Diet is a plant-based diet rich in vegetables, fruit, cereals, and olive oil. It has numerous health benefits, including improved longevity, reduced risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes and obesity, and improved cognitive function. The diet also influences the gut microbiota, promoting the growth of beneficial bacteria and reducing the growth of harmful bacteria. The adoption of the Mediterranean Diet is beneficial for both health and the environment, and should be encouraged globally.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Novita D. Naomi, Joy Ngo, Elske M. Brouwer-Brolsma, Marion E. C. Buso, Sabita S. Soedamah-Muthu, Carmen Perez-Rodrigo, Joanne A. Harrold, Jason C. G. Halford, Anne Raben, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Lluis Serra-Majem, Edith J. M. Feskens
Summary: This study examined the associations between different types of beverage intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The results showed that higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and low/no-calorie beverages (LNCB) were positively associated with NAFLD prevalence, while moderate intake of fruit juice (FJ) was inversely associated with NAFLD prevalence. The substitution of SSB with LNCB was associated with a higher NAFLD prevalence.
NUTRITION & DIABETES
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Thomas M. Barber, Stefan Kabisch, Andreas F. H. Pfeiffer, Martin O. Weickert
Summary: Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has become the most common cause of chronic liver disease globally, affecting one in four people. Despite only a small proportion of MAFLD patients progressing to cirrhosis, it still plays a significant role in its development. However, MAFLD faces challenges such as insidious and asymptomatic onset, lack of accurate diagnostic tests, and absence of specific therapies.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dimitrios A. Koutoukidis, Susan A. Jebb, Claire Foster, Pete Wheatstone, Alison Horne, T. Martyn Hill, Amy Taylor, Alba Realpe, Felix Achana, Simon J. A. Buczacki
Summary: The aim of this trial is to assess the feasibility of intentional weight loss before colorectal cancer surgery and determine whether to proceed with a definitive trial.
COLORECTAL DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Gina M. Wren, Dimitrios A. Koutoukidis, Jadine Scragg, Michael Whitman, Susan Jebb
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between three aspects of goal setting and weight loss. The results showed that setting higher weight loss goals and being motivated by health or fitness were associated with greater weight loss and lower likelihood of dropout.
JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INTERNET RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marleen A. van Baak, Edwin C. M. Mariman
Summary: Weight regain after successful weight loss is a major challenge in managing overweight and obesity. Understanding the physiological mechanisms underlying weight regain can help develop effective strategies to tackle this problem. This review summarizes potential mechanisms and interventions to prevent weight regain after weight loss.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Dimitrios A. Koutoukidis, Ferenc E. Mozes, Susan A. Jebb, Jeremy W. Tomlinson, Michael Pavlides, Francesca Saffioti, Rosemary Huntriss, Paul Aveyard, Jeremy F. Cobbold
Summary: The study demonstrates that a low-energy diet is a highly adherent, safe, and effective treatment for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH).
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Angeliki Papadaki, Mary Wakeham, Becky Ali, Miranda Elaine Glynis Armstrong, Ailsa Cameron, Paul Willis
Summary: Meals on Wheels (MoWs) is a social care service that provides daily meals and social contact to adults in need. This study aimed to explore various dimensions of the MoWs service from the perspectives of service users and referrers. Participants found the service beneficial for its provision of hot, nutritious meals, informal welfare checks, promotion of independent living, reduction of pressures on families and carers, and alleviation of social isolation through daily interactions.
HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE IN THE COMMUNITY
(2023)