Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kesara Nittayaboon, Kittinun Leetanaporn, Surasak Sangkhathat, Sittirak Roytrakul, Raphatphorn Navakanitworakul
Summary: In this study, the cytotoxicity of metformin (MET) on butyrate-resistant (BR) colorectal cancer (CRC) cells was investigated using a 3D spheroid culture model. The results showed that MET reduced spheroid size, migration, and viability, while increasing spheroid death. The molecular mechanism involved the upregulation of AMPK and Akt, and the downregulation of ACC and mTOR, leading to caspase activation and apoptosis.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Peter DeMartino, Emily A. Johnston, Kristina S. Petersen, Penny M. Kris-Etherton, Darrell W. Cockburn
Summary: The composition of gut microbiota along with short-chain fatty acids in feces are linked to cardiometabolic health and risk of diseases. Intake of dietary fibers, including resistant starch, has been shown to have positive effects on the gut microbiome.
Review
Immunology
Karolina Kazmierczak-Siedlecka, Luigi Marano, Elvira Merola, Franco Roviello, Karol Polom
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that microbiota-derived metabolites, such as butyrate, play a significant role in tumor prevention and cancer treatment. Butyrate has a wide range of beneficial properties, including influencing the immune system, maintaining intestinal barrier integrity, and enhancing anti-cancer treatment efficiency. Sodium butyrate, as a potential option for colorectal cancer patients, can be obtained through food with special medical purposes.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ling Ma, Yu Lin, Shan-Wen Sun, Jun Xu, Ting Yu, Wen-Long Chen, Liang-Hui Zhang, Yu-Chen Guo, Yi-Wen Wang, Tao Chen, Ji-Fu Wei, Ling-Jun Zhu
Summary: The study showed that KIAA1429 was significantly upregulated in colorectal cancer tissues and its high expression was associated with shorter overall survival. KIAA1429 promoted colorectal cancer cell proliferation by negatively regulating WEE1 expression, indicating its potential as a prognostic marker for CRC.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana Djukovic, Maria Jose Garzon, Cecile Canlet, Vitor Cabral, Rym Lalaoui, Marc Garcia-Garcera, Julia Rechenberger, Marie Tremblay-Franco, Ivan Penaranda, Leonor Puchades-Carrasco, Antonio Pineda-Lucena, Eva Maria Gonzalez-Barbera, Miguel Salavert, Jose Luis Lopez-Hontangas, Miguel A. Sanz, Jaime Sanz, Bernhard Kuster, Jean-Marc Rolain, Laurent Debrauwer, Karina B. Xavier, Joao B. Xavier, Carles Ubeda
Summary: The study found that Lactobacillus plays a key role in restricting gut colonization by multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MRE), creating an unfavorable environment for MRE growth through increased butyrate levels and reduced nutrient sources. This mechanism, involving cooperation between Lactobacillus and Clostridiales, is of great importance for patients.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xin Li, Suzhen Lei, Lu Liu, Yi Zhang, Baodong Zheng, Hongliang Zeng
Summary: The combination of lotus seed resistant starch (LRS) and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) can promote the growth of fecal microbiota, increase the production of SCFAs, and influence the intestinal flora, which is beneficial for health and disease management.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
June Teichmann, Darrell W. Cockburn
Summary: Dietary resistant starch can lead to butyrate production in the large intestine, but the response varies among gut microbiomes, indicating individual differences in butyrate levels. The composition of the microbiome, rather than the abundance of RS degraders and butyrate producers, determines the RS sources that increase butyrate levels for a specific microbiome.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying He, Yuhang Ling, Zhiyong Zhang, Randall Tyler Mertens, Qian Cao, Xutao Xu, Ke Guo, Qian Shi, Xilin Zhang, Lixia Huo, Kan Wang, Huihui Guo, Weiyun Shen, Manlu Shen, Wenming Feng, Peng Xiao
Summary: Through metabolomics analysis, we found that butyrate concentrations were decreased in CRC patients, and supplementation of butyrate increased the sensitivity of CRC to ferroptosis induction, especially in cancer stem cells. Mechanistically, butyrate inhibited xCT expression and xCT-dependent glutathione synthesis, and induced c-Fos expression by disrupting class I HDAC activity. Furthermore, butyrate can enhance the pro-ferroptotic function of oxaliplatin.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Han Jiang, Yuedong Guo, Zhiguo Yu, Ping Hu, Jianlin Shi
Summary: A nanocatalytic tumor-immunotherapeutic modality based on bacteria-specific oxidative damage under magnetic hyperthermia (MH) reverses immunosuppression of tumor microenvironment and achieves excellent therapeutic efficacy in an orthotopic colorectal cancer model.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Saira R. Ali, Ayla Orang, Shashikanth Marri, Ross A. McKinnon, Robyn Meech, Michael Z. Michael
Summary: High-fiber diets with butyrate can prevent colorectal cancer by modulating gene and microRNA expression, providing insights into potential novel drug targets for cancer prevention and treatment.
Article
Immunology
Peijun Tian, Huiyue Zhu, Xin Qian, Ying Chen, Zheng Wang, Jianxin Zhao, Hao Zhang, Gang Wang, Wei Chen
Summary: The beneficial effect of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) on host health, especially in influencing psychological function, has been highlighted in this study. The acetylated-, butylated-, and isobutylated-starch could attenuate depression-like behaviors and reduce colonic permeability by increasing tight junction proteins gene expression and reducing inflammatory cytokines levels. The neurological and immunological benefits of butylated starch may be derived from gut microbiome modifications, suggesting potential for novel food or dietary supplements for improving mental health.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Xing Kang, Changan Liu, Yanqiang Ding, Yunbi Ni, Fenfen Ji, Harry Cheuk Hay Lau, Lanping Jiang, Joseph J. Y. Sung, Sunny H. Wong, Jun Yu
Summary: This study found that the probiotic species R. intestinalis has a protective effect against colorectal tumourigenesis by producing butyrate, and it can also enhance the efficacy of anti-PD-1 treatment. These findings provide evidence for the potential use of R. intestinalis as an adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tianqun Lang, Runqi Zhu, Xiao Zhu, Wenlu Yan, Yu Li, Yihui Zhai, Ting Wu, Xin Huang, Qi Yin, Yaping Li
Summary: Gut microbiota plays a significant role in colorectal cancer (CRC) therapy. Researchers have developed nanoparticles loaded with the chemotherapy drug capecitabine, which are made from prebiotic micelles. These nanoparticles enhance the probiotic response, increase anti-tumour immunity, and improve survival in CRC preclinical murine models when administered orally. This prebiotics-based nanoparticle shows promise as a combination therapy for CRC by modulating gut microbiota and providing chemotherapy.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Hisham Hussan, Steven K. Clinton, Elizabeth M. Grainger, Maxine Webb, Cankun Wang, Amy Webb, Bradley Needleman, Sabrena Noria, Jiangjiang Zhu, Fouad Choueiry, Maciej Pietrzak, Michael T. Bailey
Summary: This study suggests that the patterns of gut microbiota may be associated with the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) surgeries. Post-surgery patients had higher abundance of sulfide-reducing bacteria and lower abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria compared to pre-surgery subjects.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Qinnan Yang, Mallory Van Haute, Nate Korth, Scott Sattler, Devin Rose, Anthony Juritsch, Jing Shao, Kristin Beede, Robert Schmaltz, Jeff Price, John Toy, Amanda E. E. Ramer-Tait, Andrew K. K. Benson
Summary: Waxy starches from cereal grains, which contain a high proportion of amylopectin, have unique properties and are widely used in food processing. However, our study shows that fermentations of waxy grains lead to a loss of beneficial effects on the human gut microbiome, which can be restored by the addition of resistant starch. In addition, feeding mice with waxy grains resulted in significant differences in gut microbiome composition and increased weight gain.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Armaghan Shafaei, Joanna Rees, Claus T. Christophersen, Amanda Devine, David Broadhurst, Mary C. Boyce
Summary: This study presents a simple extraction method for the analysis of bile acids in feces, followed by quantification using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The method shows good precision and accuracy, making it suitable for large-scale analysis of fecal samples.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mahsa Mousavi-Derazmahalleh, Audrey Stott, Rose Lines, Georgia Peverley, Georgia Nester, Tiffany Simpson, Michal Zawierta, Marco De la Pierre, Michael Bunce, Claus T. Christophersen
Summary: Metabarcoding of environmental DNA (eDNA) with high throughput sequencing is transforming biodiversity monitoring, but the multitude of bioinformatic tools poses challenges. The eDNAFlow pipeline, utilizing Nextflow and Singularity, offers an automated workflow for scalable, portable, and reproducible data processing. Demonstrated utility and efficiency in coral diversity biomonitoring study and scalability with large data set analysis.
MOLECULAR ECOLOGY RESOURCES
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joanna Rees, Simone Radavelli Bagatini, Johnny Lo, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Claus T. Christophersen, Robin M. Daly, Dianna J. Magliano, Jonathan E. Shaw, Marc Sim, Catherine P. Bondonno, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Joanne M. Dickson, Joshua R. Lewis, Amanda Devine
Summary: The study found that Australian adults who consumed sufficient fruits and vegetables, dietary fiber, and resistant starch had better mental health outcomes. Further randomized controlled trials are needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and causal effects.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ran Yan, Lesley Andrew, Evania Marlow, Kanita Kunaratnam, Amanda Devine, Ian C. Dunican, Claus T. Christophersen
Summary: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a common gastrointestinal disorder influenced by factors such as gut microbiota, diet, sleep, and mental health. Research suggests that fibre-related dietary intervention can alter gut microbiota and impact mental health, but further understanding is needed on the effects on sleep outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jacquelyn Jones, Stacey N. Reinke, Alishum Ali, Debra J. Palmer, Claus T. Christophersen
Summary: The collection methods of fecal samples have significant impact on microbiome studies, necessitating sample homogenization for improved data quality; findings indicate a shifting trend in microbial and metabolite composition over short periods of time; the recommended method for fecal sample collection involves collecting the first full bowel movement of the day and freezing the sample immediately.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Emma de Jong, Jean-Francois Lauzon-Joset, Jonatan Leffler, Michael Serralha, Alexander N. Larcombe, Claus T. Christophersen, Patrick G. Holt, Deborah H. Strickland, Anthony Bosco
Summary: High-risk asthma immunophenotypes show severe airway inflammation and lack of IRF7 gene networks after virus/allergen coexposure, with beneficial effects from pretreatment with OM-85. On the other hand, low-risk immunophenotypes display rapid and transient inflammation post-infection, with OM-85 enhancing IRF7 gene networks.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Armaghan Shafaei, Joanna Rees, Claus T. Christophersen, Amanda Devine, David Broadhurst, Mary C. Boyce
Summary: Developing a sensitive, robust, and high throughput liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method for quantitative determination of bile acids in human feces applicable to large cohorts is challenging due to the chemical diversity of bile acids, their wide concentration range in feces, and the complexity of feces itself. The optimization of the extraction procedure and the stability of the bile acids in feces post-extraction and prior to analysis and after several freeze-thaw cycles are crucial for accurate measurement.
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Cathy Latino, Emily J. Gianatti, Shailender Mehta, Johnny Lo, Amanda Devine, Claus Christophersen
Summary: This study aims to investigate the impact of high dietary resistant starch intake or resistant starch supplement on glycemic control and gut microbiome in women with GDM. Improving glycemic control through manipulation of gut microbiome is a novel approach for managing GDM.
BMC PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Kimberley Parkin, Claus T. Christophersen, Valerie Verhasselt, Matthew N. Cooper, David Martino
Summary: Dysbiosis of the gut microbiome can impact the nervous and immune systems, contributing to inflammatory diseases. Environmental factors during infancy, such as delivery route, antibiotic exposure, and diet, play crucial roles in the development and dysbiosis of the gut microbiome.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Joanna Rees, Shih Ching Fu, Johnny Lo, Ros Sambell, Joshua R. Lewis, Claus T. Christophersen, Matthew F. Byrne, Robert U. Newton, Siobhan Boyle, Amanda Devine
Summary: A 7-week cooking program was effective in improving cooking confidence, general and mental health, but did not affect dietary behavior. Recruiting individuals with lower nutrition knowledge and interest in cooking may be necessary to further improve nutrition-related behaviors associated with better mental health.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Jacquelyn Jones, Stacey N. Reinke, Mahsa Mousavi-Derazmahalleh, Debra J. Palmer, Claus T. Christophersen
Summary: The gut microbiome is closely related to autism spectrum disorder (ASD), with distinctive changes in the microbiome observed in autistic children. Early microbial colonization patterns have a significant impact on ASD development, and pre-emptive intervention may be crucial for treatment.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Anna M. Drake, Melinda T. Coughlan, Claus T. Christophersen, Matthew Snelson
Summary: Diabetes is the leading cause of kidney disease, and resistant starch (RS) as a dietary therapy may help limit the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD).
Review
Developmental Biology
Vincent O. Mancini, Juliet Brook, Christian Hernandez, Deborah Strickland, Claus T. Christophersen, Nina D'Vaz, Desiree Silva, Susan Prescott, Bridget Callaghan, Jenny Downs, Amy Finlay-Jones
Summary: This review aims to summarize the literature on the associations between maternal or infant immune or gut microbiome biomarkers and child neurodevelopmental outcomes within 5 years of life. A total of 69 studies out of 23,495 retrieved articles were included in this review. The results showed that associations between biomarkers and neurodevelopmental outcomes were generally nonsignificant and small in effect size. Studies examining biomarkers from both the immune system and the gut microbiome are limited, and there is a need for more integrated research in this area.
DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Julie Clarke, Alex Boussioutas, Brooke Flanders, Trevor Lockett, Karen Harrap, Ian Saunders, Patrick Lynch, Mark Appleyard, Allan Spigelman, Don Cameron, Finlay Macrae
Summary: The objective of this clinical trial is to evaluate the potential chemoprotective effects of high amylose maize starch (HAMSB) on polyp burden in individuals with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP). The study is a multi-site, double blind, randomised, placebo-controlled crossover trial undertaken in Australia. The primary outcome measure is the global large bowel polyp number.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Alishum Ali, Claus T. Christophersen, Jeffrey A. Keelan
Summary: Preterm birth is a significant global health issue, leading to high mortality and morbidity rates among neonates. Understanding the role of vaginal bacteria in triggering biomolecular causes of PTB is crucial, but practical applications of this knowledge remain challenging. New techniques in high-throughput sequencing have improved our understanding of the vaginal microbiome, offering potential cost-effective alternatives for analysis.
MICROBIOLOGY AUSTRALIA
(2021)