Review
Cell Biology
Yinqiong Huang, Xiahong Lin, Shu Lin
Summary: This research over the past decade has suggested that the pathogenic mechanisms of metabolic syndrome involve both peripheral tissues and central metabolic regulation imbalances. The hypothalamus, particularly the arcuate nucleus, is highlighted as the control center for metabolic homeostasis and energy balance, with Neuropeptide Y neurons playing a crucial role in integrating peripheral metabolic signals with the brain center. The manuscript aims to provide an overview of Neuropeptide Y's regulatory effects on metabolic syndrome and discuss clinical intervention strategies for neurometabolic diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Bertalan Dudas, Istvan Merchenthaler
Summary: Studies indicate that there are close anatomical connections between NPY and beta-endorphin in the human hypothalamus, potentially facilitating the release of beta-endorphin under NPY stimulation and laying the foundation for subsequent physiology. These connections suggest that NPY may have a broader regulatory capacity by interacting with beta-endorphin than acting alone on different neurotransmitter systems.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Yvette Ruska, Anett Szilvasy-Szabo, Dora Kovari, Andrea Kadar, Lilla Macsai, Richard Sinko, Erik Hrabovszky, Balazs Gereben, Csaba Fekete
Summary: The study shows the presence of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) protein and mRNA in orexigenic neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurons in the ventromedial arcuate nucleus, along with the innervation of NPY neurons by inhibitory neurons containing GLP-1R. This suggests that GLP-1 signaling can influence NPY neurons both directly and indirectly, revealing a more complex mechanism of GLP-1's effects on energy homeostasis.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
D. J. Innes, N. J. Hudson, S. T. Anderson, D. P. Poppi, S. P. Quigley
Summary: A reduction in voluntary feed intake is observed in ruminants consuming nutrient-deficient diets, such as those with a low CP or P content, and has been attributed to active metabolic regulation, rather than a physical constraint. The hypothalamus is the key integrator of feed intake regulation in mammals. The objectives of this experiment were to establish a model of metabolic feed intake regulation in ruminants consuming diets of variable CP and P content, and determine key biochemical pathways and influential points of regulation within the hypothalamus.
Article
Biology
Wenyu Ding, Changjiang Zhang, Baisong Wang, Xin Zhou, Le Sun, Suijuan Zhong, Jing Liu, Junjing Zhang, Xiaoqun Wang, Qian Wu
Summary: The study reveals the crucial roles of the centrosomal protein Cenpj in neurogenesis, cerebral cortex development, and body weight regulation. Deletion of Cenpj leads to obesity in mice and affects hypothalamic cell proliferation, neuron number, and function, providing insights into the pathological mechanisms of related diseases.
SCIENCE CHINA-LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Marilena Marraudino, Beatriz Carrillo, Brigitta Bonaldo, Ricardo Llorente, Elia Campioli, Iciar Garate, Helena Pinos, Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura, Paloma Collado, Daniela Grassi
Summary: The study evaluated the distribution of GPER in the rat hypothalamus, showing that GPER immunoreactivity is expressed in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes, with differences observed in different sexes, regions, and stages of the estrous cycle in females.
NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Jae Hyun Cho, Kyungchan Kim, Han Chae Cho, Jaemeun Lee, Eun-Kyoung Kim
Summary: The study demonstrates the central role of FGF11 in metabolism regulation. Knockdown of FGF11 leads to reduced weight gain and fat mass, increased thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue, and improved glucose and insulin tolerances under high-fat diet conditions. FGF11 regulates Npy gene expression through the glycogen synthase kinase 3-cAMP response element-binding protein pathway.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Maria G. Bilbao, Daniel Garrigos, Marta Martinez-Morga, Angel Toval, Yevheniy Kutsenko, Rosario Bautista, Alberto Barreda, Bruno Ribeiro Do-Couto, Luis Puelles, Jose Luis Ferran
Summary: In this study, a prosomeric immunohistochemical mapping of hypothalamic cells expressing tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) in rats was conducted. The results showed that TH-positive cells were predominantly located in the periventricular stratum of the paraventricular and subparaventricular alar domains, as well as in the acroterminal arcuate nucleus and the terminal periventricular stratum in the tuberal region. The prosomeric model proved useful for determining the precise location of TH-positive cells relative to morphogenetic signals and provided potential causal explanation for the specification of this hypothalamic cell type.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Yermek Rakhat, Kentaro Kaneko, Lei Wang, Wanxin Han, Yutaka Seino, Daisuke Yabe, Toshihiko Yada
Summary: d-allulose can suppress hunger-associated feeding and inhibit hunger-promoting neurons in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Amanda Rao, David Briskey, Carla dos Reis, Alistair R. Mallard
Summary: The study showed that Caralluma Fimbriata extract (CFE) can effectively reduce calorie intake, decrease waist circumference, maintain stable body weight, and have positive effects on body fat levels and BMI.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Monica Imbernon, Benedicte Dehouck, Vincent Prevot
Summary: The suprachiasmatic nucleus plays a crucial role in synchronizing physiology with the individual's environment, while tanycytes regulate the circadian changes in brain glucose entry and glycemia under the tempo set by the SCN.
Article
Neurosciences
Lara M. Voglsanger, Justin Read, Sarah S. Ch'ng, Cary Zhang, Izel M. Eraslan, Laura Gray, Leni R. Rivera, Lee D. Hamilton, Richard Williams, Andrew L. Gundlach, Craig M. Smith
Summary: RXFP3 is widely expressed in the brain, where it modulates feeding behavior and neuroendocrine activity. This study found that RXFP3 may influence dopamine pathways from the ARC to the pituitary gland, affecting prolactin release and potentially feeding behavior. Additionally, RXFP3-mediated regulation in the DMH may be involved in stress and neuroendocrine circuits.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xu Wang, Haohong Li
Summary: This study found that synaptic remodeling, lipid droplet accumulation, and synaptic dysfunction occur in feeding-related brain regions of obese mice induced by high-fat diet. These impairments are associated with energy homeostasis and reward regulation, which may contribute to overeating in obesity.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Shunji Yamada, Nienke van Kooten, Takuma Mori, Katsutoshi Taguchi, Atsushi Tsujimura, Masaki Tanaka
Summary: Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is widely distributed in the brain and plays various functions. This study clarified the anatomical connections of NPY neurons in the nucleus accumbens (NAc), showing that they project mainly to the lateral hypothalamus and receive direct synaptic connections from the midline thalamic nuclei and posterior basomedial amygdala. These findings provide new insights into the neural networks and functional roles of NAc NPY neurons.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROANATOMY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Daiki Ueda, Naomi Yonemochi, Tomohiro Kamata, Masahiro Shibasaki, Junzo Kamei, John L. Waddington, Hiroko Ikeda
Summary: This study found that social novelty preference was impaired in diabetic mice, and NPY neurons may be activated in diabetic mice, impairing social novelty preference by promoting glutamatergic function through Y-2 receptors.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
