Article
Engineering, Marine
Fei Yang, Xin Gu, Xiaozhou Xia, Qing Zhang
Summary: This paper proposes a novel PD-IB-LBM method for accurately and efficiently simulating the deformation and fracture of structures induced by fluid-structure interactions. The method utilizes an improved bond-based peridynamic model and lattice Boltzmann method, with immersed boundary method for the bi-directional coupling of fluid and solid. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through simulations of various fluid motions and structural fractures.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
David R. Wells, Ben Vadala-Roth, Jae H. Lee, Boyce E. Griffith
Summary: The IFED method is a computational approach for modeling fluid-structure interactions using finite element and finite difference techniques. This paper presents numerical and computational analyses of the effects of replacing the projection matrices in the force projection and IFED coupling operators with diagonal approximations. The results show that lumped mass matrices derived from nodal quadrature rules can be used with the IFED method, unlike standard FE methods.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Sudeshna Ghosh, Pooja Yadav
Summary: The study investigated the gravitational settling of a single semi-torus shaped particle in a viscous, incompressible fluid in two dimensions using numerical simulations with the Immersed Boundary (IB) method. Parametric studies were conducted to explore the effects of varying parameters on the settling velocity, and the influence of different orientations of the particles on their dynamics was also considered. The physically justified results validated the spatial accuracy of the IB method to be first order.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Yushuang Luo, Xiantao Li, Wenrui Hao
Summary: This paper focuses on the application of the immersed boundary method and reduced-order techniques in biofluid systems to address the challenges of fluid-structure interactions. By using Petrov-Galerkin projection and maintaining incompressibility conditions, reduced models were successfully derived and shown to preserve Lyapunov stability. The efficiency and robustness of the proposed formulation were validated through test examples from various applications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Yanfei He, Xingwu Zhang, Tao Zhang, Chenxi Wang, Jia Geng, Xuefeng Chen
Summary: This paper proposes a wavelet immersed boundary method for solving fluid-structure interaction problems with two-variable coupling, by introducing a wavelet finite element method to calculate FSI force and constructing a boundary influence matrix and B-spline wavelet δ functions to suppress non-physical force oscillations. Several FSI problems are simulated to demonstrate the simplicity and efficiency of the new method for two-variable coupled FSI problems.
APPLIED MATHEMATICS AND COMPUTATION
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Hugo Casquero, Carles Bona-Casas, Deepesh Toshniwal, Thomas J. R. Hughes, Hector Gomez, Yongjie Jessica Zhang
Summary: The paper introduces a new divergence-conforming immersed boundary (DCIB) method for fluid-structure interaction problems involving closed co-dimension one solids, focusing on capsules and vesicles. By discretizing the velocity-pressure pair with divergence-conforming B-splines, the method significantly reduces the large spurious changes of fluid volume inside closed co-dimension one solids, resulting in higher discretization accuracy.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Seok-Jin Park, Younghwan Yang, Junhong Jo, Tae-Rin Lee
Summary: In this study, a new method is proposed to simulate fluid-cell interactions by coupling the immersed finite element method with the spring network model. Successful simulation of cell transport and prediction of plasma skimming effect validate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
COMPUTATIONAL PARTICLE MECHANICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jianhua Qin, Ebrahim M. Kolahdouz, Boyce E. Griffith
Summary: The II-LBM method is developed for modeling fluid-structure systems. It effectively addresses interface force and jump condition issues with higher accuracy and volume conservation compared to other methods.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Mehrdad Yousefzadeh, Yinuo Yao, Ilenia Battiato
Summary: A simulation framework based on the level-set and the immersed boundary methods (LS-IBM) is developed for accurately modeling reactive transport problems with moving solid-fluid interface in porous media. The level-set method tracks interface movement, while the immersed boundary method captures momentum and mass transport at the interface. The proposed method guarantees second order accuracy in space and includes an interface velocity propagation method.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Ming-Jian Li, Yanping Lian, Xiong Zhang
Summary: In this article, an immersed finite element material point method is proposed for water entry fluid-structure interaction problems. The method combines an improved incompressible material point method and finite element method to discretize the fluid and solid domains respectively. A sharp immersed interface approach is used to handle the interaction between the two methods, resulting in accurate and efficient numerical calculations.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Haocheng Chang, Airong Chen, Baixue Ge
Summary: This paper presents a non-local Eulerian particle method coupled with an immersed boundary method for fluid-structure interaction problems. The Eulerian particle method transforms the partial differential equations into integral forms using peridynamic differential operator. Symmetric particle distribution is applied to enhance the efficiency and stability of the algorithm. By introducing the immersed boundary method into the original Eulerian particle method, a new coupling method is obtained that can solve problems with moving bodies inside fluid. The proposed method is applied to three benchmark problems, demonstrating its stability and accuracy.
COMPUTATIONAL PARTICLE MECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Narendra S. Nanal, Scott T. Miller, Jesse D. Thomas, Lucy T. Zhang
Summary: This study presents a computational framework for simulating shell structures interacting with fluids using the immersed approach. The approach captures the complex movement and motion of thin structures and allows non-intrusive coupling of independent fluid and shell finite element solvers. The method projects the shell structure to create a volumetric structure, enabling accurate and realistic loading and geometry.
COMPUTER METHODS IN APPLIED MECHANICS AND ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jae H. Lee, Boyce E. Griffith
Summary: The immersed boundary (IB) method is a non-body conforming approach to fluid structure interaction (FSI). This study systematically investigates the effect of the choice of regularized delta function in several fluid-structure interaction benchmark tests using the immersed finite element/difference (IFED) method. The results show that the choice of kernel function, kernel width, and relative mesh widths of the Lagrangian and Eulerian discretizations all have an impact on the accuracy of the methodology.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Isabelle Cheylan, Tom Fringand, Jerome Jacob, Julien Favier
Summary: This article presents an efficient and new methodology for dealing with fluid structure interaction at high Reynolds number flows. The coupling of the lattice Boltzmann method and the immersed boundary method with a second order predictor corrector model for the structure is used. The effect of the lagrangian weight of the immersed boundary method is also analyzed. The paper is considered novel for its new expression of the lagrangian weight and the coupling of a turbulence model with a second order predictor corrector model. Accuracy is found to be high for challenging cases. Rating: 8 out of 10.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Sudeshna Ghosh, Rekha Panghal
Summary: We investigated the settling of a flexible circular particle in two dimensions submerged in a Newtonian, viscous, and incompressible fluid due to gravity. The immersed boundary method (IBM) was used to solve the fluid-structure interaction. A parametric study was conducted to analyze the effect of different values of structure density and fluid viscosity on the settling velocity and distortion of the flexible particle. The results showed that the terminal velocity of the flexible particle increased with higher flexibility of the structure. It was also observed that a decrease in fluid viscosity led to more significant distortion in the particle, and heavier particles experienced greater distortion compared to lighter ones.
COMPUTATIONAL & APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Dan Lior, Charles Puelz, Colin Edwards, Silvana Molossi, Boyce E. Griffith, Ravi K. Birla, Craig G. Rusin
Summary: This paper presents a semi-automatic method for constructing volumetric models of the aortic valve using computed tomography angiography images. The method uses manually selected samples of the aortic segmentation derived from the images to inform the model construction. Valve models for pediatric patients are created and simulation results show that the method produces functional valves that generate pressure and flow waveforms similar to clinical observations.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Jordan A. Brown, Jae H. Lee, Margaret Anne Smith, David R. Wells, Aaron Barrett, Charles Puelz, John P. Vavalle, Boyce E. Griffith
Summary: Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) is a commonly used technique for aortic valve replacement, and computer modeling and simulation (CM&S) can assist in the design and approval process of TAVR devices. This study presents a computational fluid-structure interaction (FSI) model of TAVR using the immersed finite element-difference (IFED) method.
ANNALS OF BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dustin A. Carlson, Peter J. Kahrilas, Aditi Simlote, Edoardo Vespa, Ezra Teitelbaum, Eric Hungness, Wenjun Kou, John E. Pandolfino
Summary: FLIP has a substantial agreement with HRM in detecting hiatal hernias, but distension with FLIP testing may lead to the occurrence or enlargement of hiatal hernia in some patients. Further study is needed to clarify the significance of this unique response to esophageal distension.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sarvee Moosavi, Christina Shehata, Wenjun Kou, Ikuo Hirano, Nirmala Gonsalves, Stephanie Peterson, John E. Pandolfino, Dustin A. Carlson
Summary: This study aimed to describe a novel measure of compliance of the esophageal body and evaluate the associated clinical characteristics in patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE). The results showed that patients with EoE had significantly reduced esophageal body compliance compared to the control group.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Marine
Zhonglu Lin, Amneet Pal Singh Bhalla, Boyce E. Griffith, Zi Sheng, Hongquan Li, Dongfang Liang, Yu Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the effects of swimming styles and schooling on accelerating fish schools. It found that fish schools with lower wavelengths have higher propulsive efficiency, while fish schools with higher wavelengths have higher thrust. Additionally, the follower can benefit from the leader's performance by adjusting the phase difference, especially at higher wavelengths and close distances.
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Mayla dos S. Silva, Joabe Lima Araujo, Gustavo A. M. de A. Nunes, Mario Fabricio F. Rosa, Glecia V. da Silva Luz, Suelia de S. R. F. Rosa, Antonio Piratelli-Filho
Summary: This study aims to identify the planning and techniques used in the maintenance and management of hospital infusion pumps by systematically reviewing studies on the reliability and accuracy of these pumps over the past 10 years. The results indicate that there is still substantial room for improvement in the study of accuracy and reliability of infusion pumps.
BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING ONLINE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Aaron Barrett, Jordan A. Brown, Margaret Anne Smith, Andrew Woodward, John P. Vavalle, Arash Kheradvar, Boyce E. Griffith, Aaron L. Fogelson
Summary: Subclinical leaflet thrombosis (SLT) is a potentially serious complication in patients with bioprosthetic valve after aortic valve replacement, which is associated with increased risk of transient ischemic attacks and strokes. It may progress to clinical leaflet thrombosis and subsequent structural valve deterioration, affecting the durability of the replacement valve. Development of models to simulate leaflet thrombosis and predict patients at risk is crucial, and our approach combines fluid-structure interaction and a simplified thrombosis model for deposition along the moving leaflets. This advancement incorporates adhesion and feedback to fluid-structure interaction, providing valuable insights for modeling thrombosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Yadong Zeng, Han Liu, Qiang Gao, Ann Almgren, Amneet Pal Singh Bhalla, Lian Shen
Summary: We develop a consistent adaptive framework for simulating two-phase flows with adaptive mesh refinement. The framework greatly improves the accuracy and robustness for simulating high density ratio and high Reynolds number flows. The interface capturing level set method is coupled with the conservative form of the Navier-Stokes equations, and a multilevel reinitialization technique is applied for mass conservation.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
David R. Wells, Ben Vadala-Roth, Jae H. Lee, Boyce E. Griffith
Summary: The IFED method is a computational approach for modeling fluid-structure interactions using finite element and finite difference techniques. This paper presents numerical and computational analyses of the effects of replacing the projection matrices in the force projection and IFED coupling operators with diagonal approximations. The results show that lumped mass matrices derived from nodal quadrature rules can be used with the IFED method, unlike standard FE methods.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Edoardo Vespa, Domenico A. Farina, Peter J. Kahrilas, Wenjun Kou, Eric E. Low, Rena Yadlapati, John E. Pandolfino, Dustin A. Carlson
Summary: This study found that patients with high PEP values on high-resolution manometry, high FLIP 60 mL pressures, and a spastic-reactive contractile response pattern on FLIP before treatment were more likely to experience post-treatment spasm. Evaluating these features may guide personalized patient management.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Wenjun Kou, Priyanka Soni, Matthew W. Klug, Mozziyar Etemadi, Peter J. Kahrilas, John E. Pandolfino, Dustin A. Carlson
Summary: This study developed an automated artificial intelligence (AI) platform that accurately interpreted FLIP Panometry studies, providing clinical decision support for esophageal motility diagnosis.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Mechanics
Li-Ming Chao, Amneet Pal Singh Bhalla, Liang Li
Summary: Both schooling behavior and burst-and-coast gait improve fish swimming performance, but the combined effect of these strategies is still unknown. Using the IBAMR software, we examine swimming speed and cost of transport efficiency by studying two pitching foils with different duty cycles. The findings suggest that stable schooling formation can only be maintained with similar and moderate duty cycles, which increase lateral movements but not swimming speed or efficiency. This research provides insights into fish behavior and valuable information for designing bio-inspired underwater robots.
THEORETICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Ebrahim M. Kolahdouz, David R. Wells, Simone Rossi, Kenneth I. Aycock, Brent A. Craven, Boyce E. Griffith
Summary: This paper introduces a sharp-interface approach to simulating fluid-structure interaction involving flexible bodies. The approach combines the immersed Lagrangian-Eulerian (ILE) scheme with the immersed boundary (IB) method for better accuracy and flexibility. The paper presents the formulation, numerical approach, and validation of the algorithm through various benchmarks, including the modeling of a deformable blood clot.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Sourav Halder, John E. Pandolfino, Peter J. Kahrilas, Andree Koop, Jacob Schauer, Isis K. Araujo, Guy Elisha, Wenjun Kou, Neelesh A. Patankar, Dustin A. Carlson
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate novel FLIP metrics of contraction power and displaced volume in asymptomatic controls and a patient cohort. The results showed that these metrics effectively quantify peristaltic vigor and are correlated with the DCI metric on HRM.
NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Melissa S. Monteiro, Marina S. Mesquita, Leidiane M. Garcia, Paulo R. dos Santos, Cassia C. de Marangoni de Viveiros, Ronei D. da Fonseca, Mary A. Xavier, Gabriel W. S. de Mendonca, Suelia S. R. F. Rosa, Saulo L. P. Silva, Leonardo G. Paterno, Paulo C. Morais, Sonia N. Bao
Summary: This study proposed using the Hill model to assess the antitumor potential of nanomaterials combined with radiofrequency therapy. The findings showed that the nanocomposite was biocompatible against cancer cells in the absence of radiofrequency, but the application of radiofrequency significantly enhanced cell toxicity.
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Tian Liang, Lin Fu
Summary: In this work, a new shock-capturing framework is proposed based on a new candidate stencil arrangement and the combination of infinitely differentiable non-polynomial RBF-based reconstruction in smooth regions with jump-like non-polynomial interpolation for genuine discontinuities. The resulting scheme achieves high order accuracy and resolves genuine discontinuities with sub-cell resolution.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Lukas Lundgren, Murtazo Nazarov
Summary: In this paper, a high-order accurate finite element method for incompressible variable density flow is introduced. The method addresses the issues of saddle point system and stability problem through Schur complement preconditioning and artificial compressibility approaches, and it is validated to have high-order accuracy for smooth problems and accurately resolve discontinuities.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Gabriele Ciaramella, Laurence Halpern, Luca Mechelli
Summary: This paper presents a novel convergence analysis of the optimized Schwarz waveform relaxation method for solving optimal control problems governed by periodic parabolic PDEs. The analysis is based on a Fourier-type technique applied to a semidiscrete-in-time form of the optimality condition, which enables a precise characterization of the convergence factor at the semidiscrete level. The behavior of the optimal transmission condition parameter is also analyzed in detail as the time discretization approaches zero.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jonas A. Actor, Xiaozhe Hu, Andy Huang, Scott A. Roberts, Nathaniel Trask
Summary: This article introduces a scientific machine learning framework that uses a partition of unity architecture to model physics through control volume analysis. The framework can extract reduced models from full field data while preserving the physics. It is applicable to manifolds in arbitrary dimension and has been demonstrated effective in specific problems.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Nozomi Magome, Naoki Morita, Shigeki Kaneko, Naoto Mitsume
Summary: This paper proposes a novel strategy called B-spline based SFEM to fundamentally solve the problems of the conventional SFEM. It uses different basis functions and cubic B-spline basis functions with C-2-continuity to improve the accuracy of numerical integration and avoid matrix singularity. Numerical results show that the proposed method is superior to conventional methods in terms of accuracy and convergence.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Timothy R. Law, Philip T. Barton
Summary: This paper presents a practical cell-centred volume-of-fluid method for simulating compressible solid-fluid problems within a pure Eulerian setting. The method incorporates a mixed-cell update to maintain sharp interfaces, and can be easily extended to include other coupled physics. Various challenging test problems are used to validate the method, and its robustness and application in a multi-physics context are demonstrated.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Xing Ji, Fengxiang Zhao, Wei Shyy, Kun Xu
Summary: This paper presents the development of a third-order compact gas-kinetic scheme for compressible Euler and Navier-Stokes solutions, constructed particularly for an unstructured tetrahedral mesh. The scheme demonstrates robustness in high-speed flow computation and exhibits excellent adaptability to meshes with complex geometrical configurations.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Alsadig Ali, Abdullah Al-Mamun, Felipe Pereira, Arunasalam Rahunanthan
Summary: This paper presents a novel Bayesian statistical framework for the characterization of natural subsurface formations, and introduces the concept of multiscale sampling to localize the search in the stochastic space. The results show that the proposed framework performs well in solving inverse problems related to porous media flows.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jacob Rains, Yi Wang, Alec House, Andrew L. Kaminsky, Nathan A. Tison, Vamshi M. Korivi
Summary: This paper presents a novel method called constrained optimized DMD with Control (cOptDMDc), which extends the optimized DMD method to systems with exogenous inputs and can enforce the stability of the resulting reduced order model (ROM). The proposed method optimally places eigenvalues within the stable region, thus mitigating spurious eigenvalue issues. Comparative studies show that cOptDMDc achieves high accuracy and robustness.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Andrea La Spina, Jacob Fish
Summary: This work introduces a hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin formulation for simulating ideal plasmas. The proposed method couples the fluid and electromagnetic subproblems monolithically based on source and employs a fully implicit time integration scheme. The approach also utilizes a projection-based divergence correction method to enforce the Gauss laws in challenging scenarios. Numerical examples demonstrate the high-order accuracy, efficiency, and robustness of the proposed formulation.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Junhong Yue, Peijun Li
Summary: This paper proposes two numerical methods (IP-FEM and BP-FEM) to study the flexural wave scattering problem of an arbitrary-shaped cavity on an infinite thin plate. These methods successfully decompose the fourth-order plate wave equation into the Helmholtz and modified Helmholtz equations with coupled conditions on the cavity boundary, providing an effective solution to this challenging problem.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
William Anderson, Mohammad Farazmand
Summary: We develop fast and scalable methods, called RONS, for computing reduced-order nonlinear solutions. These methods have been proven to be highly effective in tackling challenging problems, but become computationally prohibitive as the number of parameters grows. To address this issue, three separate methods are proposed and their efficacy is demonstrated through examples. The application of RONS to neural networks is also discussed.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Marco Caliari, Fabio Cassini
Summary: In this paper, a second order exponential scheme for stiff evolutionary advection-diffusion-reaction equations is proposed. The scheme is based on a directional splitting approach and uses computation of small sized exponential-like functions and tensor-matrix products for efficient implementation. Numerical examples demonstrate the advantage of the proposed approach over state-of-the-art techniques.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Sebastiano Boscarino, Seung Yeon Cho, Giovanni Russo
Summary: This work proposes a high order conservative semi-Lagrangian method for the inhomogeneous Boltzmann equation of rarefied gas dynamics. The method combines a semi-Lagrangian scheme for the convection term, a fast spectral method for computation of the collision operator, and a high order conservative reconstruction and a weighted optimization technique to preserve conservative quantities. Numerical tests demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)
Article
Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications
Jialei Li, Xiaodong Liu, Qingxiang Shi
Summary: This study shows that the number, centers, scattering strengths, inner and outer diameters of spherical shell-structured sources can be uniquely determined from the far field patterns. A numerical scheme is proposed for reconstructing the spherical shell-structured sources, which includes a migration series method for locating the centers and an iterative method for computing the inner and outer diameters without computing derivatives.
JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL PHYSICS
(2024)