Article
Ophthalmology
Matthias M. Mauschitz, Timo Verzijden, Alexander K. Schuster, Hisham Elbaz, Norbert Pfeiffer, Anthony Khawaja, Robert N. Luben, Paul J. Foster, Franziska G. Rauscher, Kerstin Wirkner, Toralf Kirsten, Jost B. Jonas, Mukharram M. Bikbov, Ruth Hogg, Tunde Peto, Audrey Cougnard-Gregoire, Geir Bertelsen, Maja Gran Erke, Fotis Topouzis, Dimitrios A. Giannoulis, Caroline Brandl, Iris M. Heid, Catherine P. Creuzot-Garcher, Pierre-Henry Gabrielle, Hans-Werner Hense, Daniel Pauleikhoff, Patricia Barreto, Rita Coimbra, Stefano Piermarocchi, Vincent Daien, Frank G. Holz, Cecile Delcourt, Robert P. Finger
Summary: This study investigated the association between commonly used systemic medications and prevalent age-related macular degeneration (AMD) in the general population. The results showed that the use of lipid-lowering drugs (LLD) and antidiabetic drugs were associated with a lower prevalence of AMD, supporting the importance of metabolic processes in the development of AMD.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Ahmed Olatunde, Manisha Nigam, Rahul Kunwar Singh, Abhaya Shikhar Panwar, Abdulwahab Lasisi, Fahad A. Alhumaydhi, Vijay Jyoti Kumar, Abhay Prakash Mishra, Javad Sharifi-Rad
Summary: Cancer management often involves chemotherapy, surgery, and radiotherapy, but chemotherapy can be cytotoxic to normal cells and lead to drug resistance. Antidiabetic drugs such as sulfonylureas, biguanides, and thiazolidinediones have shown beneficial effects in cancer treatment, despite potential risks like pancreatic cancer development.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Rita Burke, Pierantonio Russo, Michael Sicilia, William Wolowich, Novinyo Amega, Huy-Binh Nguyen
Summary: This study compares the epidemiology of paediatric and adult patients receiving rabies immune globulin (RIG). The results show that paediatric patients have higher prevalence of certain types of wounds.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoke Lee Low, Shin Yee Wong, Eric Kim Hor Lee, Mohd Hareeff Muhammed
Summary: This study provides insights into the epidemiology and seasonality of respiratory pathogens causing ARIs among children in Malaysia, which helps identify the optimal timing for vaccination.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Fatema Mahmoud, Alexander Mullen, Chris Sainsbury, Gordon F. Rushworth, Haya Yasin, Nouf Abutheraa, Tanja Mueller, Amanj Kurdi
Summary: This study aimed to identify and quantify factors associated with the prescribing of specific antidiabetic drug classes. The results showed that patient age, baseline BMI, HbA1c, and kidney-related problems were significantly associated with the choice of different antidiabetic drug classes, while sex had a smaller impact on prescribing decisions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Wenhui Liu, Zhiying Luo, Jiecan Zhou, Bao Sun
Summary: Changes in gut microbiota composition and function have been observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Antidiabetic drugs have been found to alter the gut microbiota associated with T2DM, and the gut microbiota plays a role in mediating the effectiveness and safety of these drugs. This review highlights the interaction between gut microbiota and various antidiabetic drugs, as well as microbial-based therapeutics, providing potential strategies for prevention and personalized treatment targets in T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yahui Zhu, Mao Li, Hongfen Wang, Fei Yang, Xinyuan Pang, Rongrong Du, Jinghong Zhang, Xusheng Huang
Summary: This study assessed the association between antidiabetic drugs and stroke risk using Mendelian randomization. The results showed that genetic proxies for sulfonylureas, which lower blood glucose, were associated with a lower risk of any stroke and any ischemic stroke. However, other types of glucose-lowering drugs were not associated with stroke risk.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ching-Chi Chi, Chin-Yu Lee, Chia-Yu Liu, Shu-Hui Wang, Felice Tien O'Donnell, Tao-Hsin Tung
Summary: The study found that pioglitazone has significant therapeutic efficacy in treating psoriasis and may be a treatment option for patients with psoriasis and diabetes mellitus. However, there are some biases reported in the included articles and limitations such as only including glitazones.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Pediatrics
Dan Dai, Mei Mei, Liyuan Hu, Yun Cao, Xiaochuan Wang, Libo Wang, Yulan Lu, Lin Yang, Xinran Dong, Huijun Wang, Bingbing Wu, Liling Qian
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the prevalence and clinical characteristics of monogenic disease in paediatric patients with a predominant respiratory phenotype. Exome sequencing in a cohort of 971 children identified 140 positive cases with primary clinical manifestations of respiratory distress, respiratory failure, and recurrent/persistent lower respiratory infections. The most common genetic causes were primary immunodeficiency, multisystem malformations/syndromes, and genetic lung disease, and genetic diagnosis led to changes in medical management strategies in more than half of the patients.
ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yuhan Wang, Mingyan Yao, Jincheng Wang, Hongzhou Liu, Xuelian Zhang, Ling Zhao, Xiaodong Hu, Haixia Guan, Zhaohui Lyu
Summary: In type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, GLP-1R agonists, SGLT-2i, and TZD have favorable effects in improving endothelial function. Among these, GLP-1R agonists show the most significant improvement in endothelial function.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Eugenia Piragine, Davide Petri, Alma Martelli, Vincenzo Calderone, Ersilia Lucenteforte
Summary: Poor adherence to oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) can lead to therapy failure and risk of complications. This study aimed to determine the adherence to OADs in patients with T2D and estimate the association between good adherence and glycemic control. The systematic review and meta-analysis included 156 studies and showed that the proportion of adherent patients was 54%. There was a significant association between good glycemic control and good adherence, indicating that improving adherence could reduce the risk of complications.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Luisa M. P. F. Amaral, Tania Moniz, Andre M. N. Silva, Maria Rangel
Summary: This review provides an overview of the research on vanadium compounds as potential antidiabetic drugs over the past four decades. It discusses the most promising compounds and the main findings from in vivo studies conducted between 1899 and 2023. The review explores the chemistry of vanadium, emphasizing the importance of the structure and biochemistry of vanadate and its similarity to phosphate in relation to the antidiabetic effect. Spectroscopic characterization of vanadium compounds, particularly magnetic resonance methodologies, is discussed, highlighting its relevance to understanding species activity, speciation, and interaction with biological membranes. The review concludes by summarizing the most significant studies on the use of vanadium compounds for treating diabetes, including both animal models and human clinical trials. It presents an overview of the main hypotheses explaining the biological activity of these compounds, focusing on the accepted pathway involving vanadium interaction with phosphatase and kinase enzymes in the insulin signaling cascade. The authors believe that there is still much to learn about the pharmacological action of this family of compounds and their potential for metabolic control and clinical management of diabetes. They express anticipation for future research in this field, aiming to discover vanadium compounds with desired therapeutic properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chin-Hsiao Tseng, Choon-Khim Chong, Jau-Jiuan Sheu
Summary: The study revealed that female sex, diabetes duration, hemoglobin A(1c), and hypertension are associated with sensory symptoms in Taiwanese diabetes patients. Numbness or tingling pain is the most common symptom, with fingers and toes being the most commonly affected anatomical sites.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Caroline Pardy, Nasir Kharma, Rachel Lau, Veronica Kelly, Iain Yardley
Summary: This is the first population-based study of paediatric gastrostomy in the UK, revealing a point prevalence of 84/100,000 children, with the peak prevalence in children ages 5 to 9 years. Gastrostomy insertions after school age are rare.
JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC GASTROENTEROLOGY AND NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Che-Yuan Wu, Christa Wang, Refik Saskin, Baiju R. Shah, Moira K. Kapral, Krista L. Lanctot, Nathan Herrmann, Hugo Cogo-Moreira, Bradley J. MacIntosh, Jodi D. Edwards, Walter Swardfager
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between metformin initiation and incident dementia in older adults newly diagnosed with diabetes. It found that early metformin initiation did not reduce the risk of dementia in this population.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Vanessa W. S. Ng, Le Gao, Esther W. Chan, Ho Ming Edwin Lee, Joseph F. Hayes, David P. J. Osborn, Timothy H. Rainer, Kenneth K. C. Man, Ian C. K. Wong
Summary: This study examined the association between pharmacological treatment and the risk of emergency room admissions due to traumatic injuries among patients with bipolar disorder. The analysis found that there was an increased risk of traumatic injuries before treatment, but the risk decreased after treatment initiation and returned to baseline during maintenance treatment. However, the risk increased again after treatment cessation.
PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Primary Health Care
Annie Jeffery, Cini Bhanu, Kate Walters, Ian C. K. Wong, David Osborn, Joseph F. Hayes
Summary: This study investigates the association between the number of prescribed medications and early discontinuation of antidepressant treatment in adults with type 2 diabetes. The findings suggest that individuals with higher levels of concurrent polypharmacy are more adherent to treatment, while individuals with lower levels of concurrent polypharmacy may benefit from adherence support.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF GENERAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Sukriti Mathur, Ran Zhang, Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Celine Sze Ling Chui, Xue Li, Carlos King Ho Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Kai Hang Yiu, Ian Chi Kei Wong
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the short- and long-term associations between COVID-19 and development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes and mortality. The study found that COVID-19 infection is associated with significantly increased short- and long-term risks of CVD and mortality.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Transplantation
Franco Wing Tak Cheng, Carlos King Ho Wong, Simon Xiwen Qin, Celine Sze Ling Chui, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Xue Li, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Esther W. Chan, Chi Ho Au, Xuxiao Ye, Sydney Chi Wai Tang, Ian Chi Kei Wong
Summary: A study conducted in Hong Kong using vaccination records found no evidence to suggest an increased risk of glomerular diseases following the BNT162b2 or CoronaVac vaccines.
NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Min Fan, Caige Huang, Celine Sze Ling Chui, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Xue Li, Carlos King Ho Wong, Ching-Lung Cheung, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan
Summary: Extending the interval between doses of mRNA Covid-19 vaccines has been linked with a reduced risk of myocarditis in children and adolescents, but impacts on vaccine effectiveness are not known.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Zhuoran Hu, Hin Moi Youn, Jianchao Quan, Lily Luk Siu Lee, Ivy Lynn Mak, Esther Yee Tak Yu, David Vai-Kiong Chao, Welchie Wai Kit Ko, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Gary Kui Kai Lau, Chak Sing Lau, Cindy Lo Kuen Lam, Eric Yuk Fai Wan
Summary: This systematic review investigates the indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the metabolic management of individuals with type 2 diabetes without a history of COVID-19 infection. The review found no significant changes in HbA1c and BMI among people with type 2 diabetes, but there may be a worsening of lipid parameters during the pandemic.
PRIMARY CARE DIABETES
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Vivien Kin Yi Chan, Hao Luo, Sandra Sau Man Chan, Chak Sing Lau, Winnie Wan Yin Yeung, Kuan Peng, Xinning Tong, May Pui San Lam, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Xue Li
Summary: Recent literature has shown that patients with depression have increased immune activation. This study aimed to explore the relationship between treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and subsequent autoimmune diseases. A cohort study and nested case-control study were conducted using electronic medical records in Hong Kong. The results indicated a significant association between TRD and autoimmune diseases, particularly in organ-specific diseases. The findings suggest that controlling chronic inflammation in hard-to-treat depression may help prevent autoimmunity.
TRANSLATIONAL PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Franco Wing Tak Cheng, Celine Sze Ling Chui, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Carlos King Ho Wong, Xue Li, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Joshua Sung Chih Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Mike Yat Wah Kwan, Patrick Ip
Summary: Severe COVID-19 is more common in children and adolescents since the emergence of Omicron. This case-control study in Hong Kong showed that three doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac were effective in preventing COVID-19, hospitalizations, and severe outcomes among the pediatric population during the Omicron-dominant pandemic, with increased effectiveness after a booster dose.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Min Fan, Shuk-Ching Wong, Qiuyan Yu, Philip H. Li, Peng Wu, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Hein M. Tun, Benjamin John Cowling, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, Celine Sze Ling Chui
Summary: This study investigated the epidemiology of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in Hong Kong. It reported the monthly incidence rate of CPE and conducted a case-control study to identify risk factors for CPE carriage. The results showed an increasing trend in CPE carriage in Hong Kong, with previous use of any beta-lactam antibiotics identified as an independent risk factor for CPE infection.
JOURNAL OF GLOBAL ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Gloria Hoi-Yee Li, Ching -Lung Cheung, Kathryn Choon-Beng Tan, Annie Wai-Chee Kung, Timothy Chi-Yui Kwok, Wallis Cheuk-Yin Lau, Janus Siu-Him Wong, Warrington W. Q. Hsu, Christian Fang, Ian Chi-Kei Wong
Summary: Sex-specific hip fracture prediction models were developed using electronic health records (EHR) without bone mineral density (BMD) data. The logistic regression (LR) model showed better discrimination and classification performance than machine learning (ML) algorithms in both internal and independent validation cohorts for both females and males. The LR models could be integrated into routine clinical workflow to identify high-risk individuals for DXA scan.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Min Fan, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai, Franco Wing Tak Cheng, Natalie Tsz Ying Tsie, Xue Li, Eric Yuk Fai Wan, Carlos King Ho Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Kai Hang Yiu, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Celine Sze Ling Chui
Summary: This study assessed the risk of carditis following three doses of BNT162b2 or CoronaVac through a self-controlled case series (SCCS) and a case-control study. The results showed increased carditis risks after all three doses of BNT162b2, especially in individuals below 30 years old and males.
LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH-WESTERN PACIFIC
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Vanessa W. S. Ng, Miriam T. Y. Leung, Esther W. Chan, Edwin H. M. Lee, Joseph F. Hayes, David P. J. Osborn, Yun Kwok Wing, Wallis C. Y. Lau, Kenneth K. C. Man, Ian C. K. Wong
Summary: This study used a self-controlled case series design to examine the association between mood stabilizing agents and suicide attempts in patients with bipolar disorder. The results showed an increased risk of suicide attempts before treatment initiation, and a smaller but still increased risk after treatment initiation. However, the use of lithium and antiepileptics was associated with a lower risk, while the risk decreased with antipsychotics. Therefore, the study suggests that mood stabilizing agents are not causally associated with an increased risk of suicide attempts, and lithium and antiepileptics may have potential protective effects. Assiduous monitoring of symptoms relapse and warning signs of suicide should be part of the management plan.
PSYCHIATRY RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Respiratory System
Chris Wai Hang Lo, Swathi Pathadka, Simon Xiwen Qin, Lydia W. Y. Fung, Vincent Ka Chun Yan, Hei Hang Edmund Yiu, Chloe I. Bloom, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Esther Wai Yin Chan
Summary: This study systematically reviewed the neuropsychiatric events associated with montelukast, finding no significant association with suicide and depression events in asthma patients, but possible associations with anxiety and sleeping disorders, particularly in older adults.
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY REVIEW
(2023)
Article
Psychiatry
Adrienne Y. L. Chan, Le Gao, Louise M. Howard, Emily Simonoff, Dave Coghill, Patrick Ip, Wallis C. Y. Lau, Katja Taxis, Ian C. K. Wong, Kenneth K. C. Man
Summary: This study evaluated the association between gestational benzodiazepine and/or z-drug exposure and adverse birth and neurodevelopmental outcomes. The findings showed no significant differences in the risk of preterm birth, small for gestational age, ASD, or ADHD between children exposed and not exposed to these medications during pregnancy.
PSYCHOTHERAPY AND PSYCHOSOMATICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yi Chai, Rachel Yui Ki Chu, Yuqi Hu, Ivan Chun Hang Lam, Franco Wing Tak Cheng, Hao Luo, Martin Chi Sang Wong, Sandra Sau Man Chan, Esther Wai Yin Chan, Ian Chi Kei Wong, Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai
Summary: This study explores the association between lung cancer and exposure to flupentixol or any antipsychotics, finding a decreased risk in patients with more than one year of exposure. Further research into other antipsychotic agents and populations is needed for effective lung cancer prevention strategies.
COMMUNICATIONS MEDICINE
(2023)